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Earnings Per Share | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract] |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share The calculations of earnings per share are as follows:
| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
($ and shares in millions except per share amounts) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | $ | 4,427 |  |  | $ | 5,455 |  |  | $ | 9,506 |  |  | $ | 10,217 |
Average common shares outstanding | 2,510 |  |  | 2,534 |  |  | 2,516 |  |  | 2,534 |
Common shares issuable (1) | 3 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 10 |
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution | 2,513 |  |  | 2,544 |  |  | 2,522 |  |  | 2,544 |
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders | $ | 1.76 |  |  | $ | 2.15 |  |  | $ | 3.78 |  |  | $ | 4.03 |
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders | $ | 1.76 |  |  | $ | 2.14 |  |  | $ | 3.77 |  |  | $ | 4.02 |
(1) Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans. For the second quarter of 2025 and 2024, 19 million and 7 million, respectively, and for the first six months of 2025 and 2024, 12 million and 5 million, respectively, of common shares issuable under share-based compensation plans were excluded from the computations of earnings per common share assuming dilution because the effect would have been antidilutive.

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