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Earnings Per Share - Calculations of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]        
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc., basic $ 4,427 $ 5,455 $ 9,506 $ 10,217
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc., diluted $ 4,427 $ 5,455 $ 9,506 $ 10,217
Average common shares outstanding (in shares) 2,510 2,534 2,516 2,534
Common shares issuable (in shares) 3 10 6 10
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution (in shares) 2,513 2,544 2,522 2,544
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 1.76 $ 2.15 $ 3.78 $ 4.03
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 1.76 $ 2.14 $ 3.77 $ 4.02