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Earnings Per Share - Calculations of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]        
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc., basic $ 5,785 $ 3,157 $ 15,291 $ 13,374
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc., diluted $ 5,785 $ 3,157 $ 15,291 $ 13,374
Average common shares outstanding (in shares) 2,495 2,534 2,509 2,534
Common shares issuable (in shares) 3 7 5 9
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution (in shares) 2,498 2,541 2,514 2,543
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 2.32 $ 1.25 $ 6.09 $ 5.28
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 2.32 $ 1.24 $ 6.08 $ 5.26