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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Jan. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of income tax expense (benefit) | The income tax expense (benefit) applicable to income before income taxes consists of the following:
| Year Ended
| January 31, 2021 |  | January 26, 2020 |  | January 27, 2019
| (In millions)
Current income taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 197 |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 1 |
State | 1 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |
Foreign | 161 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 69 |
Total current | 359 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 70 |
Deferred taxes: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | (246) |  |  | 2 |  |  | (315) |
Foreign | (36) |  |  | 16 |  |  | — |
Total deferred | (282) |  |  | 18 |  |  | (315) |
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 174 |  |  | $ | (245) |
Schedule of income before income tax | Income before income tax consists of the following:
| Year Ended
| January 31, 2021 |  | January 26, 2020 |  | January 27, 2019
| (In millions)
Domestic | $ | 1,437 |  |  | $ | 620 |  |  | $ | 1,843 |
Foreign | 2,972 |  |  | 2,350 |  |  | 2,053 |
Income before income tax | $ | 4,409 |  |  | $ | 2,970 |  |  | $ | 3,896 |
Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation | The income tax expense (benefit) differs from the amount computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% to income before income taxes as follows:
| Year Ended
| January 31, 2021 |  | January 26, 2020 |  | January 27, 2019
| (In millions)
Tax expense computed at federal statutory rate | $ | 926 |  |  | $ | 624 |  |  | $ | 818 |
Expense (benefit) resulting from: |  |  |  |  |
State income taxes, net of federal tax effect | 10 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 23 |
Foreign tax rate differential | (561) |  |  | (301) |  |  | (412) |
U.S. federal R&D tax credit | (173) |  |  | (110) |  |  | (141) |
Stock-based compensation | (136) |  |  | (60) |  |  | (191) |
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 | — |  |  | — |  |  | (368) |
Other | 11 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 26 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 174 |  |  | $ | (245) |
Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities | The tax effect of temporary differences that gives rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented below:
| January 31, 2021 |  | January 26, 2020
| (In millions)
Deferred tax assets: |
GILTI deferred tax assets | $ | 709 |  |  | $ | 428 |
Research and other tax credit carryforwards | 650 |  |  | 605 |
Operating lease liabilities | 120 |  |  | 114 |
Net operating loss carryforwards | 100 |  |  | 62 |
Accruals and reserves, not currently deductible for tax purposes | 59 |  |  | 39 |
Stock-based compensation | 36 |  |  | 28 |
Property, equipment and intangible assets | 32 |  |  | 12 |
Gross deferred tax assets | 1,706 |  |  | 1,288 |
Less valuation allowance | (728) |  |  | (621) |
Total deferred tax assets | 978 |  |  | 667 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Acquired intangibles | (191) |  |  | (1) |
Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries | (111) |  |  | (40) |
Operating lease assets | (111) |  |  | (107) |
Gross deferred tax liabilities | (413) |  |  | (148) |
Net deferred tax asset (1) | $ | 565 |  |  | $ | 519 |
(1) Net deferred tax asset includes long-term deferred tax assets of $806 million and $548 million and long-term deferred tax liabilities of $241 million and $29 million for fiscal years 2021 and 2020, respectively. Long-term deferred tax liabilities are included in other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Summary of gross unrecognized tax benefits | A reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
| January 31, 2021 |  | January 26, 2020 |  | January 27, 2019
| (In millions)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 583 |  |  | $ | 477 |  |  | $ | 447 |
Increases in tax positions for current year | 158 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 129 |
Increases in tax positions for prior years (1) | 60 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 52 |
Decreases in tax positions for prior years | (11) |  |  | — |  |  | (141) |
Settlements | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Lapse in statute of limitations | (9) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (10) |
Balance at end of period | $ | 776 |  |  | $ | 583 |  |  | $ | 477 |
(1) The fiscal year 2021 balance represents prior year gross unrecognized tax benefits recorded as a result of the Mellanox acquisition.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32537-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32687-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=SL6600010-109319 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32718-109319 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 19 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32840-109319 + Details
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