The components of intangible assets, all of which are finite-lived, were as follows:


(In millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount


	December 31, 2025							June 30, 2025

Marketing-related	$	16,502	$	(4,300	)	$	12,202	$	16,502	$	(3,901	)	$	12,601
Technology-based		22,726		(16,830	)		5,896		22,560		(14,959	)		7,601
Customer-related		4,278		(2,357	)		1,921		4,278		(2,050	)		2,228
Contract-based		343		(73	)		270		217		(43	)		174


Total	$	43,849	$	(23,560	)	$	20,289	$	43,557	$	(20,953	)	$	22,604

Intangible assets amortization expense was $1.2 billion and $2.6 billion for the three and six months ended December 31, 2025, respectively, and $1.5 billion and $3.0 billion for the three and six months ended December 31, 2024, respectively.

The following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets held as of December 31, 2025:


(In millions)


Year Ending June 30,

2026 (excluding the six months ended December 31, 2025)	$	2,063
2027		3,000
2028		2,068
2029		1,879
2030		1,412
Thereafter		9,867


Total	$	20,289