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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) | $ 89,561 |  | $ 97,147 |  | $ (21,998)
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to operating cash flows: |  |  |  |  |
Investment (gains) losses | (52,799) |  | (74,855) |  | 67,899
Depreciation and amortization | 12,855 |  | 12,486 |  | 10,899
Discount accretion on investments, principally U.S. Treasury Bills | (11,349) |  | (5,510) |  | (1,132)
Other | (892) |  | (513) |  | (3,074)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses | 2,173 |  | 2,628 |  | 4,057
Deferred charges - retroactive reinsurance | 698 |  | 375 |  | 769
Unearned premiums | 376 |  | 1,854 |  | 1,861
Receivables and originated loans | 626 |  | (1,949) |  | (5,621)
Inventories | 591 |  | 1,426 |  | (4,779)
Other assets | (797) |  | (1,328) |  | (378)
Other liabilities | (2,288) |  | 2,570 |  | 1,719
Income taxes | (8,163) |  | 14,865 |  | (12,872)
Net cash flows from operating activities | 30,592 |  | 49,196 |  | 37,350
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of equity securities | (9,237) |  | (16,462) |  | (67,930)
Sales of equity securities | 143,359 |  | 40,631 |  | 33,664
Purchases of U.S. Treasury Bills and fixed maturity securities | (526,842) |  | (235,007) |  | (183,922)
Sales of U.S. Treasury Bills and fixed maturity securities | 48,462 |  | 52,302 |  | 90,088
Redemptions and maturities of U.S. Treasury Bills and fixed maturity securities | 353,538 |  | 153,201 |  | 66,318
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired | (396) |  | (8,604) |  | (10,594)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and equipment held for lease | (18,976) |  | (19,409) |  | (15,464)
Other | (195) |  | 685 |  | 239
Net cash flows from investing activities | (10,287) |  | (32,663) |  | (87,601)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Changes in short term borrowings, net | (3,059) |  | 2,407 |  | (596)
Acquisitions of treasury stock | (2,918) |  | (9,171) |  | (7,854)
Other, principally transactions with noncontrolling interests | (5,622) |  | (4,147) |  | (1,979)
Net cash flows from financing activities | (10,360) |  | (14,405) |  | (1,662)
Effects of foreign currency exchange rate changes | (212) |  | 116 |  | (394)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | 9,733 |  | 2,244 |  | (52,307)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year | 38,643 |  | 36,399 |  | 88,706
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year | 48,376 |  | 38,643 |  | 36,399
Restricted cash, included in other assets at end of year | $ 647 |  | $ 621 |  | $ 588
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] | Other |  | Other |  | Other
Insurance and Other [Member] |  |  |  |  |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings | $ 5,528 |  | $ 2,133 |  | $ 7,822
Repayments of borrowings | (7,796) |  | (6,027) |  | (1,502)
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 44,333 | [1] | 34,268 | [1] | 32,260
Railroad, Utilities and Energy [Member] |  |  |  |  |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings | 7,658 |  | 5,684 |  | 4,873
Repayments of borrowings | (4,151) |  | (5,284) |  | (2,426)
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | $ 3,396 | [1] | $ 3,754 | [1] | $ 3,551
[1] | Includes U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities of three months or less when purchased of $14.4 billion at December 31, 2024 and $4.8 billion at December 31, 2023.

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