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Investment gains (losses) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] |
Investment gains (losses) | Note 6. Investment gains (losses) Investment gains (losses) are summarized as follows (in millions).
| Third Quarter |  |  | First Nine Months |
| 2025 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Investment gains (losses): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in unrealized investment gains during the period on securities held at the end of the period | $ | 20,555 |  |  | $ | 18,643 |  |  | $ | 23,559 |  |  | $ | 45,053 |
Investment gains (losses) on securities sold during the period |  | 1,365 |  |  |  | 1,868 |  |  |  | (820 | ) |  |  | 1,221 |
|  | 21,920 |  |  |  | 20,511 |  |  |  | 22,739 |  |  |  | 46,274 |
Fixed maturity securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross realized gains |  | 27 |  |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 37 |
Gross realized losses |  | (13 | ) |  |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (68 | ) |  |  | (57 | )
Other |  | 5 |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (846 | ) |  |  | (7 | )
| $ | 21,939 |  |  | $ | 20,514 |  |  | $ | 21,868 |  |  | $ | 46,247 |
Equity securities gains and losses include unrealized gains and losses from changes in fair values during the period on equity securities we owned at the end of the period, as well as gains and losses on securities we sold during the period. In the preceding table, investment gains and losses on equity securities sold during the period represent the difference between the sales proceeds and the fair value of the equity securities sold at the beginning of the applicable period or, if later, the purchase date. Proceeds from sales of equity securities were approximately $24.0 billion in the first nine months of 2025 and $133.2 billion in 2024. Taxable gains and losses on equity securities sold are generally the difference between the proceeds from sales and cost at the acquisition date. Equity securities sold produced taxable gains of $10.4 billion in the third quarter and $18.7 billion in the first nine months of 2025 compared to gains of $23.4 billion in the third quarter and $97.1 billion in the first nine months of 2024.

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