| INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL |
7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL The changes in intangible assets for fiscal 2015 and the net book value of intangible assets at May 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows: | | Intangible Assets, Gross | | Accumulated Amortization | | Intangible Assets, Net | | Weighted | (Dollars in millions) | | May 31, 2014 | | Additions(1) | | Retirements | | May 31, 2015 | | May 31, 2014 | | Expense | | Retirements | | May 31, 2015 | | May 31, 2014 | | May 31, 2015 | | Average Useful Life(2) | Software support agreements and related relationships | | $ | 5,218 | | $ | 1,206 | | $ | (2,234) | | $ | 4,190 | | $ | (4,403) | | $ | (531) | | $ | 2,234 | | $ | (2,700) | | $ | 815 | | $ | 1,490 | | 13 years | Hardware systems support agreements and related relationships | | | 969 | | | 63 | | | (20) | | | 1,012 | | | (530) | | | (144) | | | 20 | | | (654) | | | 439 | | | 358 | | 10 years | Developed technology | | | 4,387 | | | 736 | | | (521) | | | 4,602 | | | (2,176) | | | (700) | | | 521 | | | (2,355) | | | 2,211 | | | 2,247 | | 7 years | Core technology | | | 1,617 | | | — | | | (1,065) | | | 552 | | | (1,294) | | | (182) | | | 1,065 | | | (411) | | | 323 | | | 141 | | N.A. | Customer relationships and contract backlog | | | 2,054 | | | 204 | | | (61) | | | 2,197 | | | (1,459) | | | (312) | | | 61 | | | (1,710) | | | 595 | | | 487 | | 6 years | SaaS, PaaS and IaaS agreements and related relationships and other | | | 1,789 | | | 204 | | | — | | | 1,993 | | | (305) | | | (203) | | | — | | | (508) | | | 1,484 | | | 1,485 | | 10 years | Trademarks | | | 516 | | | 35 | | | (50) | | | 501 | | | (276) | | | (77) | | | 50 | | | (303) | | | 240 | | | 198 | | 10 years | Total intangible assets subject to amortization | | | 16,550 | | | 2,448 | | | (3,951) | | 15,047 | | | (10,443) | | | (2,149) | | | 3,951 | | (8,641) | | | 6,107 | | | 6,406 | | 10 years | In-process research and development | | | 30 | | | (30) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 30 | | | — | | N.A. | Total intangible assets, net | | $ | 16,580 | | $ | 2,418 | | $ | (3,951) | $ | 15,047 | | $ | (10,443) | | $ | (2,149) | | $ | 3,951 | $ | (8,641) | | $ | 6,137 | | $ | 6,406 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
__________ (1) | The substantial majority of intangible assets acquired during fiscal 2015 related to our acquisition of MICROS. | (2) | Represents weighted average useful lives of intangible assets acquired during fiscal 2015. | | |
Total amortization expense related to our intangible assets was $2.1 billion, $2.3 billion and $2.4 billion in fiscal 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. As of May 31, 2015, estimated future amortization expenses related to intangible assets were as follows (in millions): Fiscal 2016 | $ | 1,624 | Fiscal 2017 | | 995 | Fiscal 2018 | | 848 | Fiscal 2019 | | 742 | Fiscal 2020 | | 598 | Thereafter | | 1,599 | Total intangible assets, net | $ | 6,406 | | | |
The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill, net, which is generally not deductible for tax purposes, for our operating segments for fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows: (in millions) | | New Software | | Software | | | | Consulting | | Other, net(4) | | Total Goodwill, net | Licenses and | License | | Cloud | Updates and | Hardware | Software | Product | Systems | Subscriptions | Support | Support | Balances as of May 31, 2013 | | $ | 10,533 | | $ | 12,474 | | $ | 1,259 | | $ | 1,584 | | $ | 1,493 | | $ | 27,343 | Allocation of goodwill(1) | | | 875 | | | — | | | 380 | | | 13 | | | (1,268) | | | — | Goodwill from acquisitions | | | 1,721 | | | 4 | | | 436 | | | 134 | | | — | | | 2,295 | Goodwill adjustments, net(2) | | | 10 | | | (6) | | | 7 | | | 2 | | | 1 | | | 14 | Balances as of May 31, 2014 | | | 13,139 | | | 12,472 | | | 2,082 | | | 1,733 | | | 226 | | | 29,652 | Goodwill from acquisitions | | | 2,086 | | | 1,991 | | | 269 | | | 27 | | | 240 | | | 4,613 | Goodwill adjustments, net(2) | | | (8) | | | (2) | | | 19 | | | (1) | | | — | | | 8 | Goodwill impairment(3) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (186) | | | (186) | Balances as of May 31, 2015 | | $ | 15,217 | | $ | 14,461 | | $ | 2,370 | | $ | 1,759 | | $ | 280 | | $ | 34,087 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
__________ (1) | Represents the allocation of goodwill to our operating segments upon completion of our intangible asset valuations. | | | (2) | Pursuant to our business combinations accounting policy, we recorded goodwill adjustments for the effect on goodwill of changes to net assets acquired during the measurement period (up to one year from the date of an acquisition). Goodwill adjustments were not significant to our previously reported operating results or financial position. | | | (3) | During fiscal 2015, we recorded a $186 million goodwill impairment loss to our hardware systems products reporting unit. We considered several approaches to determine the fair value of our hardware systems reporting unit as of March 1, 2015 and concluded the most appropriate to be the income approach. The fair value of our hardware systems products reporting unit pursuant to the income approach was impacted by lower forecasted operating results for this reporting unit, primarily caused by lower forecasted revenues and our continued investment in hardware products research and development activities. We compared the implied fair value of goodwill in our hardware systems products reporting unit to its carrying value, which resulted in the $186 million goodwill impairment loss and represented the aggregate amount of goodwill for our hardware systems products reporting unit. The aggregate hardware systems reporting unit goodwill that was impaired in fiscal 2015 resulted from our acquisitions of Pillar Data Systems, Inc., Xsigo Systems, Inc., GreenBytes, Inc. and MICROS Systems, Inc. Such impairment loss was recorded to acquisition related and other expenses in our fiscal 2015 consolidated statement of operations. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment losses in fiscal 2014 or 2013. | | | (4) | Represents goodwill allocated to our other operating segments. The balance as of May 31, 2013 included unallocated goodwill for certain of our acquisitions that was subsequently allocated based upon the finalization of valuations during fiscal 2014. | | |
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