10-Q 1 v123114form10q.htm FORM 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2014
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-33977
VISA INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 26-0267673
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (IRS Employer Identification No.)
P.O. Box 8999 San Francisco, California |  | 94128-8999
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(650) 432-3200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer þ | Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company.) | Smaller Reporting Company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of January 23, 2015, there were 490,962,259 shares of class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 245,513,385 shares of class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 21,762,506 shares of class C common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Visa Inc. outstanding.
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VISA INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I. | Financial Information | 3
Item 1. | Financial Statements (unaudited) | 3
| Consolidated Balance Sheets—December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Operations—Three Months Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income—Three Months Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 | 7
| Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity—Three Months Ended December 31, 2014 | 8
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Three Months Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 | 9
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 11
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 22
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 30
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 30
PART II. | Other Information | 31
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 31
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 31
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 31
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 31
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 31
Item 5. | Other Information | 31
Item 6. | Exhibits | 32
| Signatures | 33
| Exhibit Index | 34

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | Financial Statements

VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)

| December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014
| (in millions, except par value data)
Assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,085 |  |  | $ | 1,971 |
Restricted cash—litigation escrow (Note 2) | 1,398 |  |  | 1,498 |
Investment securities (Note 3): |  |  |
Trading | 78 |  |  | 69 |
Available-for-sale | 2,417 |  |  | 1,910 |
Settlement receivable | 500 |  |  | 786 |
Accounts receivable | 900 |  |  | 822 |
Customer collateral (Note 5) | 1,041 |  |  | 961 |
Current portion of client incentives | 200 |  |  | 210 |
Deferred tax assets | 927 |  |  | 1,028 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 318 |  |  | 307 |
Total current assets | 9,864 |  |  | 9,562 |
Investment securities, available-for-sale (Note 3) | 3,028 |  |  | 3,015 |
Client incentives | 87 |  |  | 81 |
Property, equipment and technology, net | 1,861 |  |  | 1,892 |
Other assets | 896 |  |  | 855 |
Intangible assets, net | 11,395 |  |  | 11,411 |
Goodwill | 11,753 |  |  | 11,753 |
Total assets | $ | 38,884 |  |  | $ | 38,569 |
Liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 135 |  |  | $ | 147 |
Settlement payable | 855 |  |  | 1,332 |
Customer collateral (Note 5) | 1,041 |  |  | 961 |
Accrued compensation and benefits | 307 |  |  | 450 |
Client incentives | 1,058 |  |  | 1,036 |
Accrued liabilities (Note 6) | 1,049 |  |  | 624 |
Accrued litigation (Note 11) | 1,353 |  |  | 1,456 |
Total current liabilities | 5,798 |  |  | 6,006 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 4,139 |  |  | 4,145 |
Other liabilities (Note 6) | 1,005 |  |  | 1,005 |
Total liabilities | 10,942 |  |  | 11,156 |

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

| December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014
| (in millions, except par value data)
Equity |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 25 shares authorized and none issued | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 2,001,622 shares authorized, 495 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014 (Note 7) | — |  |  | — |
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 622 shares authorized, 245 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014 (Note 7) | — |  |  | — |
Class C common stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,097 shares authorized, 20 and 22 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, respectively (Note 7) | — |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital | 18,200 |  |  | 18,299 |
Accumulated income | 9,732 |  |  | 9,131 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net: |  |  |
Investment securities, available-for-sale | 11 |  |  | 31 |
Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans | (80 | ) |  | (84 | )
Derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges | 80 |  |  | 38 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (1 | ) |  | (2 | )
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net | 10 |  |  | (17 | )
Total equity | 27,942 |  |  | 27,413 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 38,884 |  |  | $ | 38,569 |

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions, except per share data)
Operating Revenues |  |  |
Service revenues | $ | 1,538 |  |  | $ | 1,419 |
Data processing revenues | 1,383 |  |  | 1,264 |
International transaction revenues | 970 |  |  | 891 |
Other revenues | 204 |  |  | 180 |
Client incentives | (713 | ) |  | (599 | )
Total operating revenues | 3,382 |  |  | 3,155 |
Operating Expenses |  |  |
Personnel | 509 |  |  | 470 |
Marketing | 205 |  |  | 186 |
Network and processing | 114 |  |  | 132 |
Professional fees | 70 |  |  | 75 |
Depreciation and amortization | 120 |  |  | 107 |
General and administrative | 126 |  |  | 108 |
Total operating expenses | 1,144 |  |  | 1,078 |
Operating income | 2,238 |  |  | 2,077 |
Non-operating income | 24 |  |  | 6 |
Income before income taxes | 2,262 |  |  | 2,083 |
Income tax provision (Note 10) | 693 |  |  | 676 |
Net income | $ | 1,569 |  |  | $ | 1,407 |

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions, except per share data)
Basic earnings per share (Note 8) |  |  |
Class A common stock | $ | 2.54 |  |  | $ | 2.21 |
Class B common stock | $ | 1.05 |  |  | $ | 0.93 |
Class C common stock | $ | 2.54 |  |  | $ | 2.21 |
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding (Note 8) |  |  |
Class A common stock | 494 |  |  | 505 |
Class B common stock | 245 |  |  | 245 |
Class C common stock | 22 |  |  | 27 |
Diluted earnings per share (Note 8) |  |  |
Class A common stock | $ | 2.53 |  |  | $ | 2.20 |
Class B common stock | $ | 1.04 |  |  | $ | 0.93 |
Class C common stock | $ | 2.53 |  |  | $ | 2.20 |
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (Note 8) |  |  |
Class A common stock | 619 |  |  | 639 |
Class B common stock | 245 |  |  | 245 |
Class C common stock | 22 |  |  | 27 |

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Net income | $ | 1,569 |  |  | $ | 1,407 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |  |  |
Investment securities, available-for-sale: |  |  |
Net unrealized (loss) gain | (10 | ) |  | 17 |
Income tax effect | 3 |  |  | (6 | )
Reclassification adjustment for net gain realized in net income | (21 | ) |  | — |
Income tax effect | 8 |  |  | — |
Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans: |  |  |
Net unrealized actuarial gain and prior service credit | 6 |  |  | 1 |
Income tax effect | (1 | ) |  | — |
Amortization of actuarial gain and prior service credit realized in net income | (1 | ) |  | (2 | )
Income tax effect | — |  |  | 1 |
Derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges: |  |  |
Net unrealized gain | 63 |  |  | 24 |
Income tax effect | (17 | ) |  | (4 | )
Reclassification adjustment for net gain realized in net income | (6 | ) |  | (11 | )
Income tax effect | 2 |  |  | 2 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 1 |  |  | — |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | 27 |  |  | 22 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 1,596 |  |  | $ | 1,429 |

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)

| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Income |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Total Equity
| Class A |  | Class B |  | Class C |  |  |  |
| (in millions, except per share data)
Balance as of September 30, 2014 | 495 |  |  | 245 |  |  | 22 |  |  | $ | 18,299 |  |  | $ | 9,131 |  |  | $ | (17 | ) |  | $ | 27,413 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,569 |  |  |  |  | 1,569 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27 |  |  | 27 |
Comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,596 |
Issuance of restricted stock awards(1) | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Conversion of class C common stock upon sale into public market | 2 |  |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45 |
Excess tax benefit for share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 58 |
Cash proceeds from exercise of stock options | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 |
Restricted stock and performance-based shares settled in cash for taxes(2) | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | (100 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (100 | )
Cash dividends declared and paid, at a quarterly amount of $0.48 per as-converted share (Note 7) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (297 | ) |  |  |  | (297 | )
Repurchase of class A common stock (Note 7) | (3 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (132 | ) |  | (671 | ) |  |  |  | (803 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2014 | 495 |  |  | 245 |  |  | 20 |  |  | $ | 18,200 |  |  | $ | 9,732 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 27,942 |

(1) | Increase in class A common stock is less than 1 million shares.

(2) | Decrease in class A common stock is less than 1 million shares.

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Operating Activities |  |  |
Net income | $ | 1,569 |  |  | $ | 1,407 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Amortization of client incentives | 713 |  |  | 599 |
Share-based compensation | 45 |  |  | 45 |
Excess tax benefit for share-based compensation | (58 | ) |  | (54 | )
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, technology and intangible assets | 120 |  |  | 107 |
Deferred income taxes | 97 |  |  | 19 |
Other | (19 | ) |  | 5 |
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Settlement receivable | 286 |  |  | (89 | )
Accounts receivable | (78 | ) |  | (79 | )
Client incentives | (687 | ) |  | (616 | )
Other assets | (141 | ) |  | (77 | )
Accounts payable | 10 |  |  | (80 | )
Settlement payable | (477 | ) |  | 21 |
Accrued and other liabilities | 484 |  |  | 334 |
Accrued litigation (Note 11) | (103 | ) |  | (1 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,761 |  |  | 1,541 |
Investing Activities |  |  |
Purchases of property, equipment, technology and intangible assets | (104 | ) |  | (120 | )
Investment securities, available-for-sale: |  |  |
Purchases | (758 | ) |  | (754 | )
Proceeds from sales and maturities | 226 |  |  | 600 |
Purchases of / contributions to other investments | — |  |  | (2 | )
Net cash used in investing activities | (636 | ) |  | (276 | )

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Financing Activities |  |  |
Repurchase of class A common stock (Note 7) | $ | (803 | ) |  | $ | (1,091 | )
Dividends paid (Note 7) | (297 | ) |  | (254 | )
Payments from litigation escrow account—retrospective responsibility plan (Note 2 and Note 11) | 100 |  |  | — |
Cash proceeds from exercise of stock options | 30 |  |  | 38 |
Restricted stock and performance-based shares settled in cash for taxes | (100 | ) |  | (77 | )
Excess tax benefit for share-based compensation | 58 |  |  | 54 |
Net cash used in financing activities | (1,012 | ) |  | (1,330 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1 |  |  | — |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 114 |  |  | (65 | )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 1,971 |  |  | 2,186 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 2,085 |  |  | $ | 2,121 |
Supplemental Disclosure |  |  |
Income taxes paid, net of refunds | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 96 |
Accruals related to purchases of property, equipment, technology and intangible assets | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 20 |

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2014
(UNAUDITED)
Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization. Visa Inc. (“Visa” or the “Company”) is a global payments technology company that connects consumers, businesses, financial institutions and governments in more than 200 countries and territories to fast, secure and reliable electronic payments. Visa and its wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries, including Visa U.S.A. Inc. (“Visa U.S.A.”), Visa International Service Association (“Visa International”), Visa Worldwide Pte. Limited, Visa Canada Corporation, Inovant LLC and CyberSource Corporation (“CyberSource”), operate one of the world’s most advanced processing networks — VisaNet — which facilitates authorization, clearing and settlement of payment transactions worldwide. VisaNet also offers fraud protection for account holders and assured payment for merchants. Visa is not a bank and does not issue cards, extend credit or set rates and fees for account holders on Visa-branded cards and payment products. In most cases, account holder and merchant relationships belong to, and are managed by, Visa's financial institution clients. Visa provides a wide variety of payment solutions that support payment products that issuers can offer to their account holders: pay now with debit, pay ahead with prepaid or pay later with credit products. Visa also offers a growing suite of innovative digital, eCommerce and mobile products and services. These services facilitate transactions on Visa's network among account holders, merchants, financial institutions and governments in mature and emerging markets globally.
Consolidation and basis of presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Visa and its consolidated entities and are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company consolidates its majority-owned and controlled entities, including variable interest entities ("VIEs") for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company’s investments in VIEs have not been material to its consolidated financial statements as of and for the periods presented. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Certain prior period amounts within the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. These reclassifications did not affect the Company's financial position, total operating revenues, net income, comprehensive income, or cash flows as of and for the periods presented.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and, consequently, do not include all of the annual disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Reference should be made to the Visa Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014 for additional disclosures, including a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies.
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented.
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements.
In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2013-04, which provides guidance for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation is fixed at the reporting date. The Company adopted the standard effective October 1, 2014. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05, which clarifies the applicable guidance for the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity, or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business within a foreign entity. The Company adopted the standard effective October 1, 2014. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, which provides guidance for the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The standard impacts presentation only. The Company adopted the standard effective October 1, 2014. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-17, which permits an acquired entity to elect the option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements upon occurrence of an event in which an acquirer obtained control of the acquired entity. The Company adopted the standard prospectively effective November 18, 2014. The adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
Note 2—Retrospective Responsibility Plan
Under the terms of the retrospective responsibility plan, the Company maintains an escrow account from which settlements of, or judgments in, the covered litigation are paid. At December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, the balance of the escrow account was $1.4 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively. The Company paid $100 million to opt-out merchants from the litigation escrow account during the three months ended December 31, 2014 associated with the interchange multidistrict litigation, and an additional $179 million between January 1, 2015 and January 29, 2015. See Note 11—Legal Matters.
The accrual related to the covered litigation could be either higher or lower than the litigation escrow account balance. The Company did not record an additional accrual for the covered litigation during the three months ended December 31, 2014. See Note 11—Legal Matters.
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Note 3—Fair Value Measurements and Investments
Fair Value Measurements
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

| Fair Value Measurements Using Inputs Considered as
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
| December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014 |  | December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014 |  | December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014
| (in millions)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents and restricted cash: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 2,307 |  |  | $ | 2,277 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial paper |  |  |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, trading: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 78 |  |  | 69 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities, available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities |  |  |  |  | 2,206 |  |  | 2,162 |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | 2,627 |  |  | 2,176 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 25 |  |  | 58 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities |  |  |  |  | 580 |  |  | 522 |  |  |  |  |
Auction rate securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 7 |
Prepaid and other current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange derivative instruments |  |  |  |  | 86 |  |  | 40 |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 5,037 |  |  | $ | 4,580 |  |  | $ | 2,917 |  |  | $ | 2,761 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 7 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Visa Europe put option |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | 145 |
Foreign exchange derivative instruments |  |  |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | 145 |

There were no significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 assets during the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.
Level 1 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Money market funds, publicly-traded equity securities and U.S. Treasury securities are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy, as fair value is based on quoted prices in active markets.
Level 2 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of U.S. government-sponsored debt securities and corporate debt securities, as provided by third-party pricing vendors, is based on quoted prices in active markets for similar, not identical, assets. The pricing data obtained from outside sources is reviewed internally for reasonableness, compared against benchmark quotes from independent pricing sources, then confirmed or revised accordingly. Commercial paper and foreign exchange derivative instruments are valued
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
using inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. There were no substantive changes to the valuation techniques and related inputs used to measure fair value during the three months ended December 31, 2014.
Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Auction rate securities are classified as Level 3 due to a lack of trading in active markets and a lack of observable inputs in measuring fair value. There were no substantive changes to the valuation techniques and related inputs used to measure fair value during the three months ended December 31, 2014.
Visa Europe put option agreement. The Company has granted Visa Europe a perpetual put option, or the put option, which, if exercised, will require Visa Inc. to purchase all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Visa Europe from its members. The put option provides a formula for determining the purchase price of the Visa Europe shares, which, subject to certain adjustments, applies Visa Inc.’s forward price-to-earnings multiple (as defined in the put option agreement), or the P/E ratio, at the time the option is exercised, to Visa Europe’s adjusted net income for the forward 12-month period (as defined in the put option agreement), or the adjusted sustainable income. The calculation of Visa Europe’s adjusted sustainable income under the terms of the put option agreement includes potentially material adjustments for cost synergies and other negotiated items. Upon exercise, the key inputs to this formula, including Visa Europe’s adjusted sustainable income, will be the result of negotiation between the Company and Visa Europe. The put option provides an arbitration mechanism in the event that the two parties are unable to agree on the ultimate purchase price.
The fair value of the put option represents the value of Visa Europe’s option, which under certain conditions could obligate the Company to purchase its member equity interest for an amount above fair value. While the put option is in fact non-transferable, its fair value represents the Company’s estimate of the amount the Company would be required to pay a third-party market participant to transfer the potential obligation in an orderly transaction at the measurement date. The valuation of the put option therefore requires substantial judgment. The most subjective estimates applied in valuing the put option are the assumed probability that Visa Europe will elect to exercise its option and the estimated differential between the P/E ratio and the P/E ratio applicable to Visa Europe on a standalone basis at the time of exercise, or the P/E differential. The liability is classified within Level 3, as the assumed probability that Visa Europe will elect to exercise its option, the estimated P/E differential, and other inputs used to value the put option are unobservable.
At December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, the Company determined the fair value of the put option to be $145 million. While $145 million represents the fair value of the put option at December 31, 2014, it does not represent the actual purchase price that the Company may be required to pay if the option is exercised. Given current economic conditions, the purchase price under the terms of the put option would likely be in excess of $10 billion. During the three months ended December 31, 2014, there were no changes to the valuation methodology used to estimate the fair value of the put option. At December 31, 2014, the key unobservable inputs included a 40% probability of exercise by Visa Europe at some point in the future and an estimated P/E differential of 1.9x. At December 31, 2014, the Company's spot P/E was 21.7x, and there was a differential of 1.0x between this ratio and the estimated spot ratio applicable to Visa Europe. These ratios are for reference only and are not necessarily indicative of the ratio or differential that could be applicable if the put option was exercised at any point in the future. The use of an assumed probability of exercise that is 5% higher than the Company's estimate would have resulted in an increase of approximately $18 million in the value of the put option. An increase of 1.0x in the assumed P/E differential would have resulted in an increase of approximately $84 million in the value of the put option.
The put option is exercisable at any time at the sole discretion of Visa Europe. As such, the put option liability is included in accrued liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014. Classification in current liabilities is not an indication of management’s expectation of exercise and simply reflects the fact that the obligation resulting from the exercise of the instrument could become payable within 12 months. Changes in fair value are recorded as non-cash, non-operating income on the consolidated statements of operations.
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis.
Non-marketable equity investments and investments accounted for under the equity method. These investments are classified as Level 3 due to the absence of quoted market prices, the inherent lack of liquidity, and the fact that inputs used to measure fair value are unobservable and require management's judgment. When certain events or circumstances indicate that impairment may exist, the Company revalues the investments using various assumptions, including the financial metrics and ratios of comparable public companies. There were no
events or circumstances that indicated these investments became impaired during the three months ended December 31, 2014 or 2013. At December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, these investments totaled $32 million and $35 million, respectively. These assets are classified in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
Non-financial assets and liabilities. Long-lived assets such as goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, finite-lived intangible assets, and property, equipment and technology are considered non-financial assets. The Company does not have any non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Finite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationships, tradenames and reseller relationships, all of which were obtained through acquisitions.
If the Company were required to perform a quantitative assessment for impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, the fair values would generally be estimated using an income approach. As the assumptions employed to measure these assets on a non-recurring basis are based on management's judgment using internal and external data, these fair value determinations are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. There were no events or changes in circumstances that indicate impairment at December 31, 2014.
Other Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value
The following financial instruments are not measured at fair value on the Company's consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014, but require disclosure of their fair values: time deposits recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets, settlement receivable and payable, and customer collateral. The estimated fair value of such instruments at December 31, 2014, approximates their carrying value due to their generally short maturities. If measured at fair value in the financial statements, these financial instruments would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
Investments
Available-for-sale investment securities
The Company had $19 million in gross unrealized gains and $3 million in gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2014. There were $48 million gross unrealized gains and no gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2014. The gross unrealized gains at December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014 primarily relate to the Company's available-for-sale equity securities. A majority of the Company's available-for-sale investment securities with stated maturities are due within one to three years.
Note 4—Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
The Company sponsors various qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans that provide for retirement and medical benefits for substantially all employees residing in the United States. The Company also sponsors other pension benefit plans that provide benefits for internationally-based employees at certain non-U.S. locations, which are not presented below as they are not material.
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
The components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:

| Pension Benefits |  | Other Postretirement Benefits
| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Service cost | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest cost | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Expected return on assets | (18 | ) |  | (17 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of prior service credit | (2 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | (1 | )
Settlement loss | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total net periodic benefit cost | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | (1 | ) |  | $ | (1 | )

Note 5—Settlement Guarantee Management
The Company indemnifies its financial institution clients for settlement losses suffered due to failure of any other clients to fund its settlement obligations in accordance with Visa’s operating regulations. The indemnification creates settlement risk for the Company due to the difference in timing between the date of a payment transaction and the date of subsequent settlement. The exposure to settlement losses through Visa's settlement indemnification is accounted for as a settlement risk guarantee. The Company’s settlement exposure is limited to the amount of unsettled Visa payment transactions at any point in time. The Company requires certain financial institution clients that do not meet its credit standards to post collateral to offset potential loss from their estimated unsettled transactions. The Company’s estimated maximum settlement exposure was $57.6 billion at December 31, 2014, compared to $56.9 billion at September 30, 2014. Of these settlement exposure amounts, $2.9 billion and $3.2 billion were covered by collateral at December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, respectively.
The Company maintained collateral as follows:

| December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014
| (in millions)
Cash equivalents | $ | 1,041 |  |  | $ | 961 |
Pledged securities at market value | 142 |  |  | 148 |
Letters of credit | 1,218 |  |  | 1,242 |
Guarantees | 1,215 |  |  | 1,554 |
Total | $ | 3,616 |  |  | $ | 3,905 |

The total available collateral balances presented in the table above were greater than the settlement exposure covered by customer collateral held due to instances in which the available collateral exceeded the total settlement exposure for certain financial institutions at each date presented.
The fair value of the settlement risk guarantee is estimated based on a proprietary probability-weighted model and was approximately $2 million at December 31, 2014 and September 30, 2014, respectively. These amounts are reflected in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Note 6—Accrued and Other Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:

| December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014
| (in millions)
Accrued operating expenses | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | 199 |
Visa Europe put option—(See Note 3—Fair Value Measurements and Investments)(1) | 145 |  |  | 145 |
Deferred revenue | 79 |  |  | 82 |
Accrued income taxes(2) | 470 |  |  | 73 |
Other | 191 |  |  | 125 |
Total | $ | 1,049 |  |  | $ | 624 |

Other non-current liabilities consisted of the following:

| December 31, 2014 |  | September 30, 2014
| (in millions)
Accrued income taxes | $ | 861 |  |  | $ | 855 |
Employee benefits | 83 |  |  | 92 |
Other | 61 |  |  | 58 |
Total | $ | 1,005 |  |  | $ | 1,005 |

(1) | The put option is exercisable at any time at the sole discretion of Visa Europe with payment required 285 days thereafter. Classification in current liabilities is not an indication of management’s expectation of exercise and simply reflects the fact that the obligation resulting from the exercise of the instrument could become payable within 12 months. The fair value of the put option does not represent the actual purchase price that the Company may be required to pay if the option is exercised, which would likely be in excess of $10 billion.

(2) | The increase in current accrued income taxes is primarily related to current income taxes accrued in the first quarter of fiscal 2015, but payable in the second quarter of fiscal 2015.

Note 7—Stockholders' Equity
The number of shares of each class and the number of shares of class A common stock on an as-converted basis at December 31, 2014, are as follows:

(in millions, except conversion rate) | Shares Outstanding |  | Conversion Rate Into Class A Common Stock |  | As-converted Class A Common Stock(1)
Class A common stock | 495 |  |  | — |  |  | 495 |
Class B common stock | 245 |  |  | 0.4121 |  | (2) | 101 |
Class C common stock | 20 |  |  | 1.0000 |  |  | 20 |
Total |  |  |  |  | 616 |

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. As-converted class A common stock is calculated based on unrounded numbers.

(2) | The class B to class A common stock conversion rate has been rounded for purposes of this disclosure. Conversion calculations for dividend payments are based on a conversion rate rounded to the tenth decimal.

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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Reduction in as-converted class A common stock. The following table presents share repurchases in the open market.

(in millions, except per share data) | Three Months Ended December 31, 2014
Shares repurchased in the open market (1) | 3 |
Average repurchase price per share (2) | $ | 259.52 |
Total cost | $ | 803 |

(1) | All shares repurchased in the open market have been retired and constitute authorized but unissued shares.

(2) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Average repurchase price per share is calculated based on unrounded numbers.

In October 2014, the Company's board of directors authorized a new $5.0 billion share repurchase program. As of December 31, 2014, the program had remaining authorized funds of $4.9 billion for share repurchase. All share repurchase programs authorized prior to October 2014 have been completed.
Class A common stock split. On January 28, 2015, Visa’s board of directors declared a four-for-one split of its class A common stock. Trading will begin on a split-adjusted basis on March 19, 2015. See Note 12—Subsequent Events.
Dividends. In January 2015, the Company’s board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.48 per share of class A common stock (determined in the case of class B and class C common stock on an as-converted basis). The cash dividend will be paid on March 3, 2015, to all holders of record of the Company's class A, B and C common stock as of February 13, 2015, on a pre-split basis. The Company declared and paid $297 million in dividends during the three months ended December 31, 2014.
Note 8—Earnings Per Share
The following table presents earnings per share for the three months ended December 31, 2014.(1)

| Basic Earnings Per Share |  |  | Diluted Earnings Per Share
| (in millions, except per share data)
| Income Allocation (A)(2) |  | Weighted- Average Shares Outstanding (B) |  | Earnings per Share = (A)/(B) |  |  | Income Allocation (A)(2) |  | Weighted- Average Shares Outstanding (B) |  | Earnings per Share = (A)/(B)
Class A common stock | $ | 1,253 |  |  | 494 |  |  | $ | 2.54 |  |  |  | $ | 1,569 |  |  | 619 |  | (3) | $ | 2.53 |
Class B common stock | 257 |  |  | 245 |  |  | $ | 1.05 |  |  |  | $ | 257 |  |  | 245 |  |  | $ | 1.04 |
Class C common stock | 55 |  |  | 22 |  |  | $ | 2.54 |  |  |  | $ | 55 |  |  | 22 |  |  | $ | 2.53 |
Participating securities(4) | 4 |  |  | Not presented |  |  | Not presented |  |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | Not presented |  |  | Not presented |
Net income | $ | 1,569 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The following table presents earnings per share for the three months ended December 31, 2013.(1)

| Basic Earnings Per Share |  |  | Diluted Earnings Per Share
| (in millions, except per share data)
| Income Allocation (A)(2) |  | Weighted- Average Shares Outstanding (B) |  | Earnings per Share = (A)/(B) |  |  | Income Allocation (A)(2) |  | Weighted- Average Shares Outstanding (B) |  | Earnings per Share = (A)/(B)
Class A common stock | $ | 1,115 |  |  | 505 |  |  | $ | 2.21 |  |  |  | $ | 1,407 |  |  | 639 |  | (3) | $ | 2.20 |
Class B common stock | 228 |  |  | 245 |  |  | $ | 0.93 |  |  |  | $ | 228 |  |  | 245 |  |  | $ | 0.93 |
Class C common stock | 59 |  |  | 27 |  |  | $ | 2.21 |  |  |  | $ | 59 |  |  | 27 |  |  | $ | 2.20 |
Participating securities(4) | 5 |  |  | Not presented |  |  | Not presented |  |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | Not presented |  |  | Not presented |
Net income | $ | 1,407 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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VISA INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Earnings per share is calculated based on unrounded numbers.

(2) | Net income is allocated based on proportional ownership on an as-converted basis. The weighted-average number of shares of as-converted class B common stock used in the income allocation was 101 million and 103 million for the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

(3) | Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding are calculated on an as-converted basis, and include incremental common stock equivalents, as calculated under the treasury stock method. The computation includes approximately 1 million and 2 million common stock equivalents for the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, because their effect would be dilutive. The calculation excludes less than 1 million of common stock equivalents for the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

(4) | Participating securities are unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, such as the Company's restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and earned performance-based shares.

Note 9—Share-based Compensation
The Company granted the following equity awards to employees and non-employee directors under the 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan during the three months ended December 31, 2014:

| Granted |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Non-qualified stock options | 340,680 |  |  | $ | 47.85 |  |  | $ | 249.86 |
Restricted stock awards ("RSAs") | 425,628 |  |  | $ | 249.86 |  |  |
Restricted stock units ("RSUs") | 178,594 |  |  | $ | 249.86 |  |  |
Performance-based shares(1) | 196,471 |  |  | $ | 279.14 |  |  |

(1) | Represents the maximum number of performance-based shares which could be earned.

The Company’s non-qualified stock options, RSAs and RSUs are equity awards with service-only conditions and are accordingly expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The Company's performance-based shares are equity awards with service, market and performance conditions that are accounted for using the graded-vesting method. Compensation cost is recorded net of estimated forfeitures, which are adjusted as appropriate.
Note 10—Income Taxes
The effective income tax rates were 31% and 32% for the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2014 differs from the effective tax rate in the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to the reversal of previously established reserves related to an uncertain state tax position based on new information received in the quarter ended December 31, 2014.
During the three months ended December 31, 2014, there were no significant changes in total unrecognized tax benefits or interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
Note 11—Legal Matters
The Company is party to various legal and regulatory proceedings. Some of these proceedings involve complex claims that are subject to substantial uncertainties and unascertainable damages. Accordingly, except as disclosed, the Company has not established reserves or ranges of possible loss related to these proceedings, as at this time in the proceedings, the matters do not relate to a probable loss and/or the amount or range of losses are not reasonably estimable. Although the Company believes that it has strong defenses for the litigation and regulatory proceedings described below, it could, in the future, incur judgments or fines or enter into settlements of claims that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. From time to time, the Company may engage in settlement discussions or mediations with respect to one or more of its outstanding litigation matters, either on its own behalf or collectively with other parties.
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The litigation accrual is an estimate and is based on management’s understanding of its litigation profile, the specifics of each case, advice of counsel to the extent appropriate and management’s best estimate of incurred loss as of the balance sheet date.
The following table summarizes activity related to accrued litigation.

| Fiscal 2015 |  | Fiscal 2014
| (in millions)
Balance at October 1 | $ | 1,456 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Payments on legal matters | (103 | ) |  | (1 | )
Balance at December 31 | $ | 1,353 |  |  | $ | 4 |
Payments on legal matters made subsequent to December 31 | (179 | ) |  | — |
Balance at January 29 | $ | 1,174 |  |  | $ | 4 |

Covered Litigation
Visa Inc., Visa U.S.A. and Visa International are parties to certain legal proceedings that are covered by the retrospective responsibility plan, which the Company refers to as the covered litigation. See Note 2—Retrospective Responsibility Plan. An accrual for the covered litigation and a charge to the litigation provision are recorded when loss is deemed to be probable and reasonably estimable. In making this determination, the Company evaluates available information, including but not limited to actions taken by the litigation committee. The total accrual related to the covered litigation could be either higher or lower than the escrow account balance.
The following table summarizes the activity related to covered litigation.

| Fiscal 2015 |  | Fiscal 2014
| (in millions)
Balance at October 1 | $ | 1,449 |  |  | $ | — |
Payments on covered litigation | (100 | ) |  | — |
Balance at December 31 | $ | 1,349 |  |  | $ | — |
Payments on covered litigation made subsequent to December 31 | $ | (179 | ) |  | $ | — |
Balance at January 29 | $ | 1,170 |  |  | $ | — |

Interchange Multidistrict Litigation (MDL)
On January 14, 2015, following a Court-approved process to give class members who previously opted out of the damages portion of the class settlement an option to rejoin it, the class administrator submitted a report stating that it had received 1,179 requests by merchants to rejoin the cash settlement class, some of which may include multiple merchants.
Consumer Interchange Litigation
On November 26, 2014, in the putative class action filed on behalf of an alleged class of Visa and MasterCard payment cardholders, the court dismissed plaintiffs’ federal law claim and declined to exercise jurisdiction over plaintiffs’ state law claim. Both sides have asked the court to reconsider aspects of its decision, and have filed notices of appeal.
Interchange Opt-out Litigation
Beginning in May 2013, more than 40 opt-out cases have been filed by hundreds of merchants in various federal district courts, generally pursuing damages claims on allegations similar to those raised in MDL 1720. A number of the cases also include allegations that Visa has monopolized, attempted to monopolize, and/or conspired to monopolize debit card-related market segments, and one of the cases seeks an injunction against the fixed acquirer network fee. The cases name as defendants Visa Inc., Visa U.S.A., Visa International, MasterCard Incorporated, and MasterCard International Incorporated, although some also include certain U.S. financial institutions as defendants.
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Wal-Mart Stores Inc. and its subsidiaries filed an opt-out complaint that also added Visa Europe Limited and Visa Europe Services Inc. as defendants. Visa Europe Limited and Visa Europe Services Inc. filed a motion to dismiss Wal-Mart’s claims against them.
As of the date of filing this quarterly report, Visa has reached settlement agreements with a number of merchants representing approximately 21% of the Visa-branded payment card sales volume of merchants who opted out.
On December 23, 2014, a similar case was filed in New Mexico state court by New Mexico’s attorney general on behalf of the state, state agencies, and citizens of the state, generally pursuing claims on allegations similar to those raised in MDL 1720. If this case is transferred to or otherwise included in MDL 1720, it will be covered litigation for purposes of the retrospective responsibility plan. See Note 2—Retrospective Responsibility Plan.
Other Litigation
"Indirect Purchaser" Actions
In early December 2014, objectors to the settlement in the consolidated Credit/Debit Card Tying Cases petitioned for review by the California Supreme Court.
European Competition Proceedings
U.K. Merchant Litigation. On defendants’ application for summary judgment, the court has limited the potential damages of most merchants who have commenced proceedings to 6 years prior to the filing of their claims. The claimants have been granted permission to appeal the court’s ruling.
Data Pass Litigation
On January 9, 2015, Webloyalty.com, GameStop, and Visa each filed motions to dismiss the second amended class action complaint.
Target Data Breach
On December 30, 2014, the court granted plaintiffs’ notice of voluntary dismissal without prejudice of all claims against Visa and MasterCard.
Pulse Network
On November 25, 2014, Pulse Network LLC filed suit against Visa Inc. in federal district court in Texas. Pulse alleges that Visa has monopolized and attempted to monopolize debit card network services markets. Pulse also alleges that Visa has entered into agreements in restraint of trade, engaged in unlawful exclusive dealing and tying, violated the Texas Free Enterprise and Antitrust Act, and engaged in tortious interference with prospective business relationships. Pulse seeks unspecified treble damages, attorneys’ fees, and injunctive relief, including to enjoin the fixed acquirer network fee structure, Visa’s conduct regarding PIN-Authenticated Visa Debit, and Visa agreements with merchants and acquirers relating to debit acceptance. On January 23, 2015, Visa filed a motion to dismiss the complaint.
Note 12—Subsequent Events
Credit facility renewal. On January 28, 2015, the Company, Visa International Service Association and Visa U.S.A. Inc. (collectively, the "Borrowers") entered into a 364-day, unsecured $3.0 billion revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and the lenders party thereto. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., acted as syndication agent in connection with the Credit Facility; Bank of China, Los Angeles Branch, Barclays Bank PLC, Citibank, N.A., HSBC Bank USA, N.A., Royal Bank of Canada, Standard Chartered Bank, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., U.S. Bank National Association and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, acted as Documentation Agents; and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Bank of China, Los Angeles Branch, Barclays Bank PLC, Citigroup Global Markets, INC., HSBC Bank USA, N.A., RBC Capital Markets, Standard Chartered Bank, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., U.S. Bank National Association and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, acted as joint lead arrangers and joint book
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runners. The Credit Facility, which expires on January 27, 2016, replaced the Company’s prior $3.0 billion credit facility, which expired on January 28, 2015.
The Credit Facility provides the Borrowers with a borrowing capacity of up to $3.0 billion. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are available for general corporate purposes. Interest on the borrowings under the Credit Facility would be charged at the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or an alternative base rate, in each case plus applicable margins that fluctuate based on the applicable rating of senior unsecured long-term debt securities of the Company. The Borrowers have agreed to pay a commitment fee which will fluctuate based on such applicable rating of the Company.
Other material terms are:

• | a financial covenant which requires the Company to maintain a Consolidated Indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA Ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility) of not greater than 3.75 to 1.00;

• | customary restrictive covenants, which limit the Borrowers' ability to, among other things, create certain liens, effect fundamental changes to their business, or merge or dispose of substantially all of their assets, subject in each case to customary exceptions and amounts;

• | customary events of default, upon the occurrence of which, after any applicable grace period, the requisite lenders will have the ability to accelerate all outstanding loans thereunder and terminate the commitments; and

• | other customary and standard terms and conditions.

The Borrowers currently have no borrowings under the Credit Facility. The participating lenders in the Credit Facility include certain holders of the Company’s class B and class C common stock, certain of the Borrowers' customers, and their affiliates.
Class A common stock split. On January 28, 2015, Visa’s board of directors declared a four -for-one split of its class A common stock. Each class A common stockholder of record at the close of business on February 13, 2015 ("Record Date"), will receive a dividend of three additional shares on March 18, 2015 for every share held as of the Record Date. Trading will begin on a split-adjusted basis on March 19, 2015. Holders of class B and C common stock will not receive a stock dividend. Instead, the conversion rate for class B common stock will increase to 1.6483 shares of class A common stock per share of class B common stock, and the conversion rate for class C common stock will increase to 4.0 shares of class A common stock per share of class C common stock. Immediately following the split, the class A, B and C stockholders will retain the same relative ownership percentages that they had prior to the stock split. The stock split will increase the Company’s total as-converted shares of class A common stock outstanding as of March 19, 2015, from approximately 614 million shares to approximately 2.5 billion shares based on the share count as of January 27, 2015. All per share amounts and number of shares outstanding in these unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are presented on a pre-split basis. As a result of the stock split, all historical per share data and number of shares outstanding presented in future financial statements will be retroactively adjusted.
Dividends. In January 2015, the Company’s board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.48 per share of class A common stock (determined in the case of class B and class C common stock on an as-converted basis). The cash dividend will be paid on March 3, 2015, to all holders of record of the Company's class A, B and C common stock as of February 13, 2015, on a pre-split basis.

ITEM 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This management’s discussion and analysis provides a review of the results of operations, financial condition and the liquidity and capital resources of Visa Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Visa,” “we,” “our” or the “Company”) on a historical basis and outlines the factors that have affected recent earnings, as well as those factors that may affect future earnings. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements generally are identified by words such as "believes," "estimates," "expects," "may," "projects," "could," "will," "will continue" and other similar expressions. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make about our revenue, client incentives, operating margin, tax rate, earnings per share, free cash flow, and the growth of those items.
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By their nature, forward-looking statements: (i) speak only as of the date they are made; (ii) are not statements of historical fact or guarantees of future performance; and (iii) are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions or changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict or quantify. Therefore, actual results could differ materially and adversely from our forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including the following:

• | the impact of laws, regulations and marketplace barriers, including:

• | rules capping debit interchange reimbursement rates and expanding financial institutions' and merchants' choices among debit payments networks promulgated under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act;

• | increased regulation in jurisdictions outside of the United States and in other product categories;

• | increased government support of national payments networks outside the United States; and

• | increased regulation of consumer privacy, data use and security;

• | developments in litigation and government enforcement, including those affecting interchange reimbursement fees, antitrust and tax;

• | new lawsuits, investigations or proceedings, or changes to our potential exposure in connection with pending lawsuits, investigations or proceedings;

• | economic factors, such as:

• | economic fragility in the Eurozone and in the United States;

• | general economic, political and social conditions in mature and emerging markets globally;

• | general stock market fluctuations which may impact consumer spending;

• | material changes in cross-border activity, foreign exchange controls and fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

• | volatility in market prices for oil and natural gas; and

• | material changes in our financial institution clients' performance compared to our estimates;

• | industry developments, such as competitive pressure, rapid technological developments and disintermediation from our payments network;

• | system developments, such as:

• | disruption of our transaction processing systems or the inability to process transactions efficiently;

• | account data breaches or increased fraudulent or other illegal activities involving Visa-branded cards or payment products; and

• | failure to maintain systems interoperability with Visa Europe;

• | costs arising if Visa Europe were to exercise its right to require us to acquire all of its outstanding stock;

• | the loss of organizational effectiveness or key employees;

• | the failure to integrate acquisitions successfully or to effectively develop new products and businesses;

• | natural disasters, terrorist attacks, military or political conflicts, and public health emergencies; and

various other factors, including those contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014 and our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. You should not place undue reliance on such statements. Except as required by law, we do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
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Overview
Visa is a global payments technology company that connects consumers, businesses, financial institutions and governments around the world to fast, secure and reliable electronic payments. We provide our financial institution clients with a global payments infrastructure and support services for the delivery of Visa-branded payment products, including credit, debit, and prepaid. We facilitate global commerce through the transfer of value and information among financial institutions, merchants, consumers, businesses and government entities. Each of these constituencies has played a key role in the ongoing worldwide migration from paper-based to electronic forms of payment, and we believe that this transformation continues to yield significant growth opportunities, particularly outside the United States. We continue to explore additional opportunities to enhance our competitive position by expanding the scope of payment solutions we provide.
Overall economic conditions. Our business is affected by overall economic conditions and consumer spending. Our business performance during the three months ended December 31, 2014 reflects the impacts of a modest global economic recovery.
Financial highlights. During the three months ended December 31, 2014, we recorded net income of $1.6 billion or $2.53 diluted earnings per share, an increase of 11% and 15% over the prior year, respectively.
We recorded total operating revenues of $3.4 billion for the three months ended December 31, 2014, an increase of 7% over the prior year driven by continued growth in our underlying business drivers: nominal payments volume; processed transactions; and cross-border volume. The general strengthening of the U.S. dollar during the quarter resulted in an approximate negative two percentage point impact to our total operating revenue growth compared to the prior year.
Total operating expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2014 were $1.1 billion, reflecting a 6% increase over prior year primarily due to increases in headcount throughout the organization and continued investments in marketing and technology to support our global growth initiatives.
Class A common stock split. On January 28, 2015, Visa’s board of directors declared a four-for-one split of its class A common stock. Each class A common stockholder of record at the close of business on February 13, 2015 ("Record Date"), will receive a dividend of three additional shares on March 18, 2015 for every share held as of the Record Date. Trading will begin on a split-adjusted basis on March 19, 2015. Holders of class B and C common stock will not receive a stock dividend. Instead, the conversion rate for class B common stock will increase to 1.6483 shares of class A common stock per share of class B common stock, and the conversion rate for class C common stock will increase to 4.0 shares of class A common stock per share of class C common stock. Immediately following the split, the class A, B and C stockholders will retain the same relative ownership percentages that they had prior to the stock split. The stock split will increase the Company’s total as-converted shares of class A common stock outstanding as of March 19, 2015, from approximately 614 million shares to approximately 2.5 billion shares based on the share count as of January 27, 2015.
Reduction in as-converted class A common stock. In October 2014, our board of directors authorized a new $5.0 billion share repurchase program. During the three months ended December 31, 2014, we repurchased 3 million shares of our class A common stock using $803 million of cash on hand. As of December 31, 2014, we had remaining authorized funds of $4.9 billion. All share repurchase programs authorized prior to October 2014 have been completed. See Note 7—Stockholders' Equity to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Interchange reimbursement fees. On March 21, 2014, the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit reversed a district court ruling invalidating the debit regulations implemented by the Federal Reserve in accordance with the Dodd-Frank Act. The appeals court agreed with the Federal Reserve on its interpretation, except for a single issue related to the interchange cost calculation which was referred back to the Federal Reserve for reconsideration. On January 20, 2015, the Supreme Court declined to hear a further appeal of the case, leaving in place the Court of Appeals decision.
Nominal payments volume and transaction counts. Payments volume is the primary driver for our service revenues, and the number of processed transactions is the primary driver for our data processing revenues. Nominal payments volume growth over the prior year posted double-digit growth in the U.S. and internationally, driven mainly by consumer credit. International payments volume nominal growth was negatively impacted by the overall strengthening of the U.S. dollar. On a constant dollar basis, which excludes the impact of exchange rate movements, our international payments volume growth rate for the three months ended September 30, 2014 is
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13%. Processed transactions sustained double-digit growth reflecting the ongoing worldwide shift to electronic currency.
The following table presents nominal payments volume.(1)

| U.S. |  | International |  | Visa Inc.
| 3 Months Ended September 30, 2014 (2) |  | 3 Months Ended September 30, 2013 (2) |  | % Change |  | 3 Months Ended September 30, 2014 (2) |  | 3 Months Ended September 30, 2013 (2) |  | % Change |  | 3 Months Ended September 30, 2014 (2) |  | 3 Months Ended September 30, 2013 (2) |  | % Change
| (in billions, except percentages)
Nominal payments volume |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer credit | $ | 238 |  |  | $ | 212 |  |  | 12 | % |  | $ | 424 |  |  | $ | 389 |  |  | 9 | % |  | $ | 662 |  |  | $ | 601 |  |  | 10 | %
Consumer debit(3) | 291 |  |  | 272 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 122 |  |  | 105 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 413 |  |  | 377 |  |  | 9 | %
Commercial(4) | 102 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 39 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 142 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 13 | %
Total nominal payments volume | $ | 632 |  |  | $ | 575 |  |  | 10 | % |  | $ | 585 |  |  | $ | 529 |  |  | 11 | % |  | $ | 1,217 |  |  | $ | 1,104 |  |  | 10 | %
Cash volume | 124 |  |  | 117 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 544 |  |  | 523 |  |  | 4 | % |  | 667 |  |  | 640 |  |  | 4 | %
Total nominal volume(5) | $ | 756 |  |  | $ | 692 |  |  | 9 | % |  | $ | 1,129 |  |  | $ | 1,053 |  |  | 7 | % |  | $ | 1,884 |  |  | $ | 1,745 |  |  | 8 | %

The following table presents nominal and constant payments volume growth.(1)

| International | Visa Inc.
| 3 Months Ended September 30, 2014 vs. 2013 |  | 3 Months Ended September 30, 2014 vs. 2013
| Nominal(2) |  | Constant(6) |  | Nominal(2) |  | Constant(6)
Payments volume growth |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer credit | 9 | % |  | 11 | % |  | 10 | % |  | 12 | %
Consumer debit(3) | 16 | % |  | 20 | % |  | 9 | % |  | 10 | %
Commercial(4) | 13 | % |  | 14 | % |  | 13 | % |  | 13 | %
Total payments volume growth | 11 | % |  | 13 | % |  | 10 | % |  | 11 | %
Cash volume growth | 4 | % |  | 9 | % |  | 4 | % |  | 8 | %
Total volume growth | 7 | % |  | 11 | % |  | 8 | % |  | 10 | %

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Percentage changes are calculated based on unrounded numbers.

(2) | Service revenues in a given quarter are assessed based on nominal payments volume in the prior quarter. Therefore, service revenues reported for the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, were based on nominal payments volume reported by our financial institution clients for the three months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

(3) | Includes prepaid volume.

(4) | Includes large, middle and small business credit and debit, as well as prepaid volume.

(5) | Total nominal volume is the sum of total nominal payments volume and cash volume. Total nominal payments volume is the total monetary value of transactions for goods and services that are purchased on Visa-branded cards and payment products. Cash volume generally consists of cash access transactions, balance access transactions, balance transfers and convenience checks. Total nominal volume is provided by our financial institution clients, subject to review by Visa. On occasion, previously presented volume information may be updated. Prior period updates are not material.

(6) | Growth on a constant-dollar basis excludes the impact of foreign currency fluctuations against the U.S. dollar.

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The table below provides the number of transactions processed by our VisaNet system and billable transactions processed by CyberSource’s network.(1)

| Three Months Ended December 31,
2014 |  | 2013 |  | % Change
(in millions, except percentages)
Visa processed transactions(2) | 17,599 |  |  | 15,985 |  |  | 10 | %
CyberSource billable transactions(3) | 2,192 |  |  | 1,894 |  |  | 16 | %

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Percentage changes are calculated based on unrounded numbers. On occasion, previously presented information may be updated. Prior period updates are not material.

(2) | Represents transactions involving Visa, Visa Electron, Interlink and PLUS cards processed on Visa's networks.

(3) | Transactions include, but are not limited to, authorization, settlement payments network connectivity, fraud management, payment security management, tax services and delivery address verification.

Results of Operations
Operating Revenues
The following table sets forth our operating revenues earned in the United States, internationally and from Visa Europe. Revenues earned from Visa Europe are a result of our contractual arrangement with Visa Europe, as governed by the framework agreement that provides for trademark and technology licenses and bilateral services.

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | 2014 vs. 2013
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | $ Change |  | % Change(1)
| (in millions, except percentages)
U.S. | $ | 1,784 |  |  | $ | 1,690 |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | 6 | %
International | 1,544 |  |  | 1,412 |  |  | 132 |  |  | 9 | %
Visa Europe | 54 |  |  | 53 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 | %
Total operating revenues | $ | 3,382 |  |  | $ | 3,155 |  |  | $ | 227 |  |  | 7 | %

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Percentage changes are calculated based on unrounded numbers.

The increase in operating revenues primarily reflects continued growth in our underlying business drivers: nominal payments volume; processed transactions; and nominal cross-border volume. These benefits were partially offset by increases in client incentives.
Our operating revenues, primarily service revenues and international transaction revenues, are impacted by the overall strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar as payments volume and related revenues denominated in local currencies are converted to U.S. dollars. The effect of exchange rate movements in the three months ended December 31, 2014, including impacts from our hedging program, resulted in an approximate negative two percentage point impact to our total operating revenue growth compared to the prior year. For the full 2015 fiscal year, we expect the effect of exchange rate movements to reduce total operating revenue growth by about two percentage points, net of offsetting hedges.
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The following table sets forth the components of our total operating revenues.

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | 2014 vs. 2013
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | $ Change |  | % Change(1)
| (in millions, except percentages)
Service revenues | $ | 1,538 |  |  | $ | 1,419 |  |  | $ | 119 |  |  | 8 | %
Data processing revenues | 1,383 |  |  | 1,264 |  |  | 119 |  |  | 9 | %
International transaction revenues | 970 |  |  | 891 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 9 | %
Other revenues | 204 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 14 | %
Client incentives | (713 | ) |  | (599 | ) |  | (114 | ) |  | 19 | %
Total operating revenues | $ | 3,382 |  |  | $ | 3,155 |  |  | $ | 227 |  |  | 7 | %

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Percentage changes are calculated based on unrounded numbers.

• | Service revenues increased during the three-month comparable period primarily due to 10% growth in nominal payments volume.

• | Data processing revenues increased mainly due to overall growth in processed transactions of 10% during the three-month comparable period, combined with solid growth in CyberSource billable transactions.

• | International transaction revenues for the three-month comparable period increased reflecting 4% growth in nominal cross-border payments volume. Growth in international transaction revenues was greater than the growth in nominal cross-border payments volume due to higher volatility in a broad range of currencies.

• | Client incentives increased during the three-month comparable period mainly due to overall growth in global payments volume, and incentives recognized on long-term customer contracts that were initiated or renewed after the first quarter of fiscal 2014. The amount of client incentives we record in future periods will vary based on changes in performance expectations, actual client performance, amendments to existing contracts or the execution of new contracts. We expect incentives as a percentage of gross revenues to be in the range of 17.5% to 18.5% for the full 2015 fiscal year.

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Operating Expenses
The following table sets forth components of our total operating expenses.

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | 2014 vs. 2013
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | $ Change |  | % Change(1)
| (in millions, except percentages)
Personnel | $ | 509 |  |  | $ | 470 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | 8 | %
Marketing | 205 |  |  | 186 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 10 | %
Network and processing | 114 |  |  | 132 |  |  | (18 | ) |  | (13 | )%
Professional fees | 70 |  |  | 75 |  |  | (5 | ) |  | (6 | )%
Depreciation and amortization | 120 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 12 | %
General and administrative | 126 |  |  | 108 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 15 | %
Total operating expenses | $ | 1,144 |  |  | $ | 1,078 |  |  | $ | 66 |  |  | 6 | %

(1) | Figures in the table may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. Percentage changes are calculated based on unrounded numbers.

• | Personnel increased primarily due to growth in headcount reflecting our strategy to invest for future growth, combined with higher incentive compensation.

• | Marketing increased primarily due to elevated levels of advertising and promotional campaigns to support our growth strategies and new product initiatives.

• | Network and processing decreased as a result of initiatives to optimize the use of our technology resources.

• | Professional fees decreased mainly due to lower costs incurred in our effort to align resources with our strategic priorities.

• | Depreciation and amortization increased primarily due to additional depreciation from our ongoing investments in technology assets and infrastructure to support our digital solutions and core business initiatives.

• | General and administrative increased primarily due to higher product enhancement costs, increased travel activities, and facility expansions in support of our business growth.

Effective Income Tax Rate
The effective income tax rates were 31% and 32% for the three months ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2014 differs from the effective tax rate in the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to the reversal of previously established reserves related to an uncertain state tax position based on new information received in the quarter ended December 31, 2014.
During the three months ended December 31, 2014, there were no significant changes in total unrecognized tax benefits.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flow Data
The following table summarizes our cash flow activity for the periods presented.

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Total cash provided by (used in): |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | 1,761 |  |  | $ | 1,541 |
Investing activities | (636 | ) |  | (276 | )
Financing activities | (1,012 | ) |  | (1,330 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1 |  |  | — |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | (65 | )

Operating activities. Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended December 31, 2014 was higher than prior year, reflecting continued growth in our underlying business. Current quarter operating activities reflect $100 million of payments made from the litigation escrow account in connection with the interchange multidistrict litigation, which are also reflected as cash inflows within financing activities as they are covered by the retrospective responsibility plan. See Note 2—Retrospective Responsibility Plan and Note 11—Legal Matters to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Investing activities. Cash used in investing activities was higher compared to the prior year, primarily reflecting a decrease in proceeds received from the sale and maturity of available-for-sale securities.
Financing activities. Cash used in financing activities during the three months ended December 31, 2014 reflects the use of $803 million to repurchase class A common stock in the open market and dividend payments of $297 million. Cash used in financing activities also reflects cash inflows relating to payments made from our litigation escrow account in connection with the interchange multidistrict litigation. See Note 2—Retrospective Responsibility Plan and Note 11—Legal Matters to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Activity in the prior year primarily reflected $1.1 billion of cash used to repurchase class A common stock in the open market, and dividend payments of $254 million.
Sources of Liquidity
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash flow from operations, our investment portfolio and access to various equity and borrowing arrangements. Funds from operations are maintained in cash and cash equivalents and short-term or long-term available-for-sale investment securities based upon our funding requirements, access to liquidity from these holdings, and the returns that these holdings provide. We believe that cash flow generated from operations, in conjunction with access to our other sources of liquidity, will be more than sufficient to meet our ongoing operational needs.
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term available-for-sale investment securities held by our foreign subsidiaries totaled $5.9 billion at December 31, 2014. If it were necessary to repatriate these funds for use in the United States, we would be required to pay U.S. income taxes on most of this amount. The amount of income taxes that would have resulted had these funds been repatriated is not practicably determinable. It is our intent to indefinitely reinvest the majority of these funds outside of the United States. As such, we have not accrued any U.S. income tax provision in our financial results related to the majority of these funds.
Uses of Liquidity
There has been no significant change to our primary uses of liquidity since September 30, 2014, except as discussed below. Based on our current cash flow budgets and forecasts of our short-term and long-term liquidity needs, we believe that our projected sources of liquidity will be sufficient to meet our projected liquidity needs for more than the next 12 months. We will continue to assess our liquidity position and potential sources of
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supplemental liquidity in view of our operating performance, current economic and capital market conditions and other relevant circumstances.
Reduction in as-converted class A common stock. In October 2014, our board of directors authorized a new $5.0 billion share repurchase program. During the three months ended December 31, 2014, we repurchased 3 million shares of our class A common stock using $803 million of cash on hand. As of December 31, 2014, we had remaining authorized funds of $4.9 billion. All share repurchase programs authorized prior to October 2014 have been completed. See Note 7—Stockholders' Equity to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.
Dividends. During the three months ended December 31, 2014, we declared and paid $297 million in dividends. In January 2015, our board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.48 per share of class A common stock (determined in the case of class B and class C common stock on an as-converted basis), which will be paid on March 3, 2015, to all holders of record as of February 13, 2015. See Note 7—Stockholders' Equity to our unaudited consolidated financial statements. We expect to continue paying quarterly dividends in cash, subject to approval by the board of directors. Class B and class C common stock will share ratably on an as-converted basis in such future dividends.
Visa Europe put option agreement. We have granted Visa Europe a perpetual put option which, if exercised, will require us to purchase all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Visa Europe from its members. Visa Europe may exercise the put option at any time. At December 31, 2014, we determined the fair value of the put option liability to be approximately $145 million. While this amount represents the fair value of the put option at December 31, 2014, it does not represent the actual purchase price that we may be required to pay if the option is exercised. The purchase price we could be obligated to pay 285 days after exercise will represent a substantial financial obligation. Given current economic conditions, the purchase price under the terms of the put option would likely be in excess of $10 billion. We may need to obtain third-party financing, either by borrowing funds or by undertaking a subsequent equity offering in order to fund this payment. The amount of this potential obligation could vary dramatically based on, among other things, Visa Europe’s adjusted sustainable income and our P/E ratio, in each case, as negotiated at the time the put option is exercised.
Fair Value Measurements—Financial Instruments
As of December 31, 2014, our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis included $8.0 billion of assets and $152 million of liabilities. Of these instruments, $152 million, or 2%, had significant unobservable inputs, with the Visa Europe put option liability constituting $145 million of this amount. See Note 3—Fair Value Measurements and Investments to our unaudited consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

There have been no significant changes to our market risks during the three months ended December 31, 2014, compared to September 30, 2014.

ITEM 4. | Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f)) of Visa Inc. at the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures of Visa Inc. were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There has been no change in the internal control over financial reporting of Visa Inc. that occurred during the fiscal period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | Legal Proceedings.

Refer to Note 11—Legal Matters to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q for a description of the Company’s current material legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. | Risk Factors.

For a discussion of the Company’s risk factors, see the information under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014, filed with the SEC on November 21, 2014.

ITEM 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
The table below sets forth information with respect to purchases of the Company’s common stock made by or on behalf of the Company during the quarter ended December 31, 2014.

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2),(3) |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2),(3)
October 1-31, 2014 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 5,682,458,392 |
November 1-30, 2014 | 383,215 |  |  | $ | 251.37 |  |  | 159,448 |  |  | $ | 5,642,010,105 |
December 1-31, 2014 | 2,936,312 |  |  | $ | 259.84 |  |  | 2,936,312 |  |  | $ | 4,878,990,353 |
Total | 3,319,527 |  |  | $ | 258.86 |  |  | 3,095,760 |  |  |

(1) | Includes 223,767 shares of class A common stock withheld at an average price of $249.75 per share (per the terms of grants under our 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan) to offset tax withholding obligations that occur upon vesting and release of restricted shares.

(2) | The figures in the table reflect transactions according to trade dates. For purposes of our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q, the impact of these repurchases is recorded according to settlement dates.

(3) | Our board of directors from time to time authorizes the repurchase of shares of our common stock up to a certain monetary limit. In October 2014, our board of directors authorized a new $5.0 billion share repurchase program. This authorization has no expiration date. All share repurchase programs authorized prior to October 2014 have been completed.

ITEM 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

ITEM 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. | Other Information.

None.
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ITEM 6. | Exhibits.

The list of exhibits required to be filed as exhibits to this report is listed in the “Exhibit Index,” which is incorporated herein by reference.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | VISA INC.
Date: | January 29, 2015 | By: |  | /s/ Charles W. Scharf
|  | Name: |  | Charles W. Scharf
|  | Title: |  | Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | January 29, 2015 | By: |  | /s/ Byron H. Pollitt
|  | Name: |  | Byron H. Pollitt
|  | Title: |  | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

|  |  |  | Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number |  | Description of Documents |  | Schedule/ Form |  | File Number |  | Exhibit |  | Filing Date
10.1* |  | Visa 2005 Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of December 30, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
10.2 |  | Form of Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.40 |  | 11/21/2014
10.3 |  | Form of Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Stock Option Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.41 |  | 11/21/2014
10.4 |  | Form of Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.42 |  | 11/21/2014
10.5 |  | Form of Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.43 |  | 11/21/2014
10.6 |  | Form of Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Performance Share Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.44 |  | 11/21/2014
10.7 |  | Form of Alternate Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Stock Option Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.45 |  | 11/21/2014
10.8 |  | Form of Alternate Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.46 |  | 11/21/2014
10.9 |  | Form of Alternate Visa Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted after November 1, 2014 |  | 10-K |  | 001-33977 |  | 10.47 |  | 11/21/2014
31.1* |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
31.2* |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
32.1* |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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32.2* |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

* | Filed or furnished herewith.

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