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Fair Value Measurements and Investments | 12 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements and Investments | Note 6—Fair Value Measurements and Investments Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
| Fair Value Measurements as of September 30 Using Inputs Considered as
| Level 1 |  | Level 2
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in millions)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 10,403 |  |  | $ | 13,504 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. Treasury securities | 7 |  |  | 301 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable equity securities | 301 |  |  | 339 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 496 |  |  | 1,108 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 4,948 |  |  | 4,316 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other current and non-current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | 25 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Derivative instruments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |  |  | 293 |
Total | $ | 15,684 |  |  | $ | 18,483 |  |  | $ | 599 |  |  | $ | 1,401 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued compensation and benefits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation liability | $ | 238 |  |  | $ | 175 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Accrued and other liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative instruments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 226 |  |  | 396 |
Total | $ | 238 |  |  | $ | 175 |  |  | $ | 226 |  |  | $ | 396 |
Level 1 assets and liabilities. Money market funds, U.S. Treasury securities and marketable equity securities are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy, as fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The Company’s deferred compensation liability is measured at fair value based on marketable equity securities held under the deferred compensation plan. Level 2 assets and liabilities. The fair value of U.S. government-sponsored debt securities, as provided by third-party pricing vendors, is based on quoted prices in active markets for similar, not identical, assets. Derivative instruments are valued using inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. U.S. Government-sponsored Debt Securities and U.S. Treasury Securities The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of debt securities were as follows:
| September 30, 2024
| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized |  | Fair Value
| Gains |  | Losses |
| (in millions)
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities | $ | 492 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 496 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 4,920 |  |  | 40 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 4,955 |
Total | $ | 5,412 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 5,451 |
| September 30, 2023
| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized |  | Fair Value
| Gains |  | Losses |
| (in millions)
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities | $ | 1,109 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | 1,108 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 4,697 |  |  | — |  |  | (80) |  |  | 4,617 |
Total | $ | 5,806 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (82) |  |  | $ | 5,725 |
Debt securities with unrealized losses for less than 12 months and 12 months or greater were as follows:
| September 30, 2024
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Greater
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
| (in millions)
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. Treasury securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,019 |  |  | (5) |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,183 |  |  | $ | (5) |
| September 30, 2023
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Greater
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
| (in millions)
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities | $ | 412 |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. Treasury securities | 1,360 |  |  | (12) |  |  | 2,128 |  |  | (68) |
Total | $ | 1,772 |  |  | $ | (14) |  |  | $ | 2,178 |  |  | $ | (68) |
The unrealized losses were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates. The stated maturities of debt securities were as follows:
|  | September 30, 2024
|  | (in millions)
Due within one year |  | $ | 2,968 |
Due after one year through five years |  | 2,483 |
Total |  | $ | 5,451 |
Equity Securities For fiscal 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized net unrealized gains of $12 million and net unrealized losses of $102 million and $393 million, respectively, on marketable and non-marketable equity securities held as of period end. Fair value measurement alternative. The Company’s investments in privately held companies do not have readily determinable fair values. These investments are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and are classified as Level 3 due to the absence of quoted market prices, the inherent lack of liquidity and the fact that significant inputs used to measure fair value are unobservable and require management’s judgment. The following table summarizes the Company’s non-marketable equity securities held as of period end that were accounted for using the fair value measurement alternative:
| September 30,
| 2024 |  | 2023
| (in millions)
Initial cost basis | $ | 711 |  |  | $ | 719 |
Adjustments: |  |  |
Upward adjustments | 910 |  |  | 899 |
Downward adjustments, including impairment | (465) |  |  | (445) |
Carrying amount | $ | 1,156 |  |  | $ | 1,173 |
Unrealized gains and losses of the Company’s non-marketable equity securities held as of period end that were accounted for using the fair value measurement alternative were as follows:
| For the Years Ended September 30,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| (in millions)
Upward adjustments | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 231 |
Downward adjustments, including impairment | $ | (35) |  |  | $ | (99) |  |  | $ | (341) |
Investment Income (Expense) Investment income (expense) consisted of the following:
| For the Years Ended September 30,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
| (in millions)
Interest and dividend income on cash and investments | $ | 992 |  |  | $ | 745 |  |  | $ | 69 |
Gains (losses) on investments, net | (44) |  |  | (82) |  |  | (296) |
Investment income (expense) | $ | 948 |  |  | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | (227) |
Other Fair Value Disclosures Debt. Debt instruments are measured at amortized cost on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the debt instruments, as provided by third-party pricing vendors, is based on quoted prices in active markets for similar, not identical, assets. If measured at fair value in the financial statements, these instruments would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2024, the carrying value and estimated fair value of debt was $20.8 billion and $19.2 billion, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the carrying value and estimated fair value of debt was $20.5 billion and $17.7 billion, respectively. Other financial instruments not measured at fair value. As of September 30, 2024, the carrying values of settlement receivable and payable and customer collateral are an approximate fair value due to their generally short maturities. If measured at fair value in the financial statements, these financial instruments would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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