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Acquisitions and Divestitures - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, SFr in Millions, $ in Millions |  |  | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 22, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares | Oct. 01, 2020 USD ($) | Apr. 04, 2021 USD ($) | Jan. 01, 2023 USD ($) | Jan. 02, 2022 USD ($) shares | Jan. 02, 2022 CHF (SFr) shares | Jan. 03, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares | Jan. 03, 2021 CHF (SFr) shares | Jan. 03, 2021 CHF (SFr)
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consideration transferred |  |  |  |  | $ 7,300 |  |  |  |
Liabilities assumed |  |  |  |  | 400 |  |  |  |
Goodwill (Notes 1 and 5) |  |  |  | $ 45,231 | 35,246 |  | $ 36,393 |  |
Long-term debt |  |  |  | 28,439 | 32,116 |  |  |  |
Asset write-downs |  |  |  | 1,216 | 989 |  | 233 |  |
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross |  |  |  | 17,700 |  |  |  |  |
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Liabilities |  |  |  | 1,100 |  |  |  |  |
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Tangible Assets |  |  |  | 17,300 |  |  |  |  |
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life | 14 years |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contingent consideration liability |  |  |  | 1,120 | 533 |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liability, acquisition |  |  |  | 1,800 |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill, related to acquisitions |  |  |  | 11,056 | 0 |  |  |  |
In-process research and development |  |  |  | 783 | 900 |  | $ 181 |  |
Acquisition related costs |  |  |  | 300 |  |  |  |  |
Non-Tradeable Contingent Value Right |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends Payable, Amount Per Share | $ / shares | $ 8.75 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-Tradeable Contingent Value Right | Class I Recommendation For Impella |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends Payable, Amount Per Share | $ / shares | $ 10.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Idorsia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sale of stock, number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11.8 | 11.8 |
Sale of stock, percentage of ownership before transaction |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.30% | 8.30% |
Proceeds from sale of equity interests |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 357 | SFr 337.0 |
Sale of stock (in USD per share) | $ / shares |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 28.55 |  |
Convertible note, equity Interest (in shares) | shares |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38.7 | 38.7 |
Momenta |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consideration transferred |  | $ 6,100 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities assumed |  | $ 1,600 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  | 13.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (Notes 1 and 5) |  | $ 1,200 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other assets assumed |  | 500 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Momenta | In Process Research and Development |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets assumed |  | $ 6,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2020 Acquisitions | In Process Research and Development |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase price over fair value of assets acquired |  |  |  |  | 7,500 |  |  |  |
bermekimab |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consideration transferred |  |  | $ 800 |  |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets assumed |  |  | $ 800 |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  |  | 16.00% |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset write-downs |  |  |  | 800 |  |  |  |  |
Verb Surgical Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities assumed |  |  | $ 300 |  |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets assumed |  |  | 400 |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (Notes 1 and 5) |  |  | 200 |  |  |  |  |  |
Other assets assumed |  |  | 200 |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity method investments, fair value |  |  | $ 400 |  |  |  |  |  |
Abiomed |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 9.50% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other assets assumed | $ 19,900 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable securities assumed | 600 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Liabilities | $ 2,800 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 380.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Equity Interests Issued and Issuable | $ 17,100 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Cash and Equivalents | 16,500 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contingent consideration liability | 700 |  |  | $ 704 |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liability, acquisition | 1,800 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash Acquired from Acquisition | 300 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill, related to acquisitions | 10,900 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Finite-lived Intangible Assets Acquired | 6,600 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
In-process research and development | 1,100 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Abiomed | Non-Tradeable Contingent Value Right |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Non-Tradeable Contingent Value Right | $ 1,600 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Shares, Non-Tradeable Contingent Value Right | $ / shares | $ 35.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends Payable, Amount Per Share | $ / shares | $ 17.50 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues, Contingent Consideration | $ 3,700 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Abiomed | Non-Tradeable Contingent Value Right | Impella |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends Payable, Amount Per Share | $ / shares | $ 7.50 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Maximum | Momenta |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Probability of success factor |  | 77.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Maximum | bermekimab |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Probability of success factor |  |  | 60.00% |  |  |  |  |  |
Maximum | Abiomed |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Probability of success factor | 70.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Minimum | Momenta |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Probability of success factor |  | 20.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Minimum | bermekimab |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Probability of success factor |  |  | 20.00% |  |  |  |  |  |
Minimum | Abiomed |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Probability of success factor | 52.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Convertible Debt | Idorsia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt | SFr |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | SFr 445.0
Convertible debt, amount of loan converted |  |  |  |  | $ 120 | SFr 110.0 |  |  |
Convertible Debt, number of equity instruments (in shares) | shares |  |  |  |  | 9.6 | 9.6 |  |  |
Evra and Doxil |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Business Acquisition [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from divestiture of brands |  |  |  |  | $ 600 |  |  |  |

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