Segments of Business and Geographic Areas - Operating Profit by Segment of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Oct. 01, 2023	Oct. 02, 2022	Oct. 01, 2023	Oct. 02, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Worldwide income before tax	$ 5,217	$ 5,172	$ 10,236	$ 15,519
Percentage Change in Operating Income Loss	0.90%		(34.00%)
Restructuring charges	$ 158	65	$ 433	200
Gain on shares outstanding			(600)
bermekimab
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
In-process research and development impairments			200	600
CONSUMER HEALTH \| Baby Powder \| Talc
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Loss Contingency, Loss in Period			7,000
MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	200	100	200	200
Litigation expense		200		500
Acquisition and integration related expense			100
Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	100		400
Gain (Loss) Related to Litigation Settlement	100		100
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Segment Operating Income	$ 5,979	5,276	$ 18,273	16,065
Percentage Change in Operating Income Loss	13.30%		13.70%
Restructuring charges	$ 384		$ 659
Operating Segments \| MedTech
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Segment Operating Income	$ 1,185	1,090	$ 4,265	3,641
Percentage Change in Operating Income Loss	8.70%		17.10%
Restructuring charges	$ 235		$ 235
Amortization	400	300	1,100	800
Operating Segments \| Innovative Medicine
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Segment Operating Income	$ 4,794	4,186	$ 14,008	12,424
Percentage Change in Operating Income Loss	14.50%		12.70%
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities	$ (400)	(200)	$ (500)	(700)
Restructuring charges	149		424
Amortization	700	700	2,200	2,200
Other Cost of Operating Revenue		400		700
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Segment Operating Income	$ 762	$ 104	$ 8,037	$ 546

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