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Segments of Business and Geographic Areas - Schedule of Segment Reporting By Geographic Area (Details) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Oct. 01, 2023 USD ($) | Jul. 02, 2023 USD ($) | Apr. 02, 2023 USD ($) | Jan. 01, 2023 USD ($) | Oct. 02, 2022 USD ($) | Jul. 03, 2022 USD ($) | Apr. 03, 2022 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) segment | Jan. 01, 2023 USD ($) | Jan. 02, 2022 USD ($) Segment
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers | $ 21,395 | $ 21,351 | $ 21,519 | $ 20,894 | $ 19,939 | $ 19,996 | $ 20,215 | $ 19,840 | $ 85,159 | $ 79,990 | $ 78,740
Net assets divested | 0 |  |  |  | 27,237 |  |  |  | 0 | 27,237 |
Assets | 167,558 |  |  |  | 187,378 |  |  |  | $ 167,558 | 187,378 |
Number of segments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 3
Equity securities, FV-NI, gain (loss) |  | 600 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ (400) |  |
Restructuring |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 489 | 275 | $ 209
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100 |  |
Research and development in process |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 313 | 783 | $ 900
Property, Plant and Equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-Lived Assets | 19,898 |  |  |  | 17,982 |  |  |  | 19,898 | 17,982 |
Other Intangible Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-Lived Assets | 70,733 |  |  |  | 74,536 |  |  |  | 70,733 | 74,536 |
bermekimab | In Process Research and Development |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment of intangible assets, excluding goodwill |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 600 |  | $ 800 |
Baby Powder | Talc |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss contingency, loss in period |  |  |  | 6,900 |  |  |  |  | $ 7,000 |  |
Wholesaler 1 | Sales Revenue, Net | Wholesaler Concentration Risk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Concentration risk (as a percent) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18.20% | 18.90% | 16.60%
Wholesaler 2 | Sales Revenue, Net | Wholesaler Concentration Risk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Concentration risk (as a percent) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15.10% | 15.00% | 12.60%
Wholesaler 3 | Sales Revenue, Net | Wholesaler Concentration Risk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Concentration risk (as a percent) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14.20% | 13.80% | 12.60%
Innovative Medicine |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers | 13,722 | 13,893 | 13,731 | 13,413 | 13,163 | 13,214 | 13,317 | 12,869 | $ 54,759 | $ 52,563 | $ 51,680
Restructuring |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100 | 100
Marketable securities, realized gain (loss) | 400 | 400 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (400) | (700) | 500
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100 |  |
Gain (loss) on divestiture |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (200) |  | 600
Litigation expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100 | 600
Innovative Medicine | Momenta |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment of intangible assets, excluding goodwill |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 200 |  |
MedTech |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers | 7,673 | $ 7,458 | $ 7,788 | $ 7,481 | 6,776 | $ 6,782 | $ 6,898 | $ 6,971 | 30,400 | 27,427 | 27,060
Restructuring |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 300 | 300
Acquisition costs, period cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 200 | 300 |
Regulation charge |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 300 | 300 | 200
Litigation expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 600 | 100
Research and development in process |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 900
United States |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46,444 | 41,981 | 40,640
United States | Innovative Medicine |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 31,169 | 28,604 | 27,954
United States | MedTech |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15,275 | 13,377 | 12,686
Operating Segments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 85,159 | 79,990 | 78,740
Long-Lived Assets | 89,439 |  |  |  | 91,437 |  |  |  | 89,439 | 91,437 |
Restructuring |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 798 |  |
Operating Segments | Innovative Medicine |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets | 58,324 |  |  |  | 58,436 |  |  |  | 58,324 | 58,436 |
Supplies expense |  |  |  |  | 800 |  |  |  | 700 | 1,500 |
Restructuring |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 479 |  |
Operating Segments | MedTech |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets | 74,710 |  |  |  | 70,956 |  |  |  | 74,710 | 70,956 |
Restructuring |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 319 |  |
Operating Segments | United States |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46,444 | 41,981 | 40,640
Long-Lived Assets | 54,832 |  |  |  | 58,750 |  |  |  | 54,832 | 58,750 |
Operating Segments | Europe |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20,410 | 20,664 | 20,595
Long-Lived Assets | 31,616 |  |  |  | 29,878 |  |  |  | 31,616 | 29,878 |
Operating Segments | Western Hemisphere excluding U.S. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,549 | 4,108 | 3,927
Long-Lived Assets | 1,491 |  |  |  | 1,289 |  |  |  | 1,491 | 1,289 |
Operating Segments | Asia-Pacific, Africa |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13,756 | 13,237 | $ 13,578
Long-Lived Assets | 1,500 |  |  |  | 1,520 |  |  |  | 1,500 | 1,520 |
Corporate, Non-Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other non long-lived assets | 76,927 |  |  |  | 67,623 |  |  |  | 76,927 | 67,623 |
Corporate, Non-Segment | General Corporate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-Lived Assets | 1,192 |  |  |  | 1,081 |  |  |  | 1,192 | 1,081 |
Assets | $ 34,524 |  |  |  | $ 30,749 |  |  |  | $ 34,524 | $ 30,749 |

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