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Other Financial Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 4,518	$ 4,531
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Gains on sale of nonstrategic properties	630	1,800
Company share of equity affiliates foreign currency effects	416	(45)	$ 1
Total financing interest and debt costs	921	902	753
Less: Capitalized interest	173	595	552
Interest and debt expense	748	307	201
Research and development expenses	453	433	476
Excess of replacement cost over the carrying value of inventories (LIFO method)	5,134	3,937	2,942
LIFO profits (losses) on inventory drawdowns included in earnings	26	(5)	(88)
Foreign currency effects	611	(446)	$ 58
Downstream
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Gains on sale of nonstrategic properties	365	850
Upstream
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Gains on sale of nonstrategic properties	265	950
Gain (loss) for impairments and other assets write-offs	$ 2,000	$ 900
Unocal
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill				$ 4,518

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