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Operating Segments and Geographic Data - Segment Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | $ (1,892) | $ 2,691 | $ 5,715
Operating Segments | Upstream |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | (985) | 1,942 | 5,498
Operating Segments | Upstream | United States |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | (570) | (1,550) | 811
Operating Segments | Upstream | International |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | (415) | 3,492 | 4,687
Operating Segments | Downstream |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | 61 | 562 | 862
Operating Segments | Downstream | United States |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | (192) | 392 | 534
Operating Segments | Downstream | International |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | 253 | 170 | 328
Segment Reconciling Items |  |  |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] |  |  |
Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | $ (968) | $ 187 | $ (645)

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