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Stock Options and Other Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Fair market values of stock options and stock appreciation rights granted The fair market values of stock options and stock appreciation rights granted in 2020, 2019 and 2018 were measured on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Year ended December 31
202020192018
Expected term in years1
6.66.66.5
Volatility2
20.8 %20.5 %21.2 %
Risk-free interest rate based on zero coupon U.S. treasury note
1.5 %2.6 %2.6 %
Dividend yield4.0 %3.8 %3.8 %
Weighted-average fair value per option granted$13.00 $15.82 $18.18 
1    Expected term is based on historical exercise and post-vesting cancellation data.
2    Volatility rate is based on historical stock prices over an appropriate period, generally equal to the expected term.
Summary of option activity
A summary of option activity, including Noble, during 2020 is presented below:
Shares (Thousands)Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Averaged Remaining Contractual Term (Years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 202086,641 $103.22 
Granted8,281 $150.98 
Exercised(2,739)$78.92 
Forfeited(2,033)$110.72 
Outstanding at December 31, 202090,150 $108.17 4.11$23 
Exercisable at December 31, 202080,860 $107.65 3.59$23