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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

The components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

(in millions)						2020						2019						2018
Current Provision:
Federal						$	4,098					$	2,629					$	2,897
State and local						392						319						219
Foreign						491						564						404
Total current provision						4,981						3,512						3,520
Deferred (benefit) provision						(8)						230						42
Total provision for income taxes						$	4,973					$	3,742					$	3,562

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

The reconciliation of the tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate to the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

(in millions, except percentages)						2020												2019												2018
Tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate						$	4,356					21.0		%				$	3,776					21.0		%				$	3,348					21.0		%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit						315						1.5						271						1.5						168						1.0
Share-based awards - excess tax benefit						(130)						(0.6)						(132)						(0.7)						(161)						(1.0)
Non-deductible compensation						134						0.7						119						0.7						117						0.7
Health insurance tax						626						3.0						—						—						552						3.5
Foreign rate differential						(164)						(0.8)						(214)						(1.2)						(203)						(1.3)
Other, net						(164)						(0.8)						(78)						(0.5)						(259)						(1.6)
Provision for income taxes						$	4,973					24.0		%				$	3,742					20.8		%				$	3,562					22.3		%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

The components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31 are as follows:

(in millions)						2020						2019
Deferred income tax assets:
Accrued expenses and allowances						$	815					$	654
U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards						276						260
Share-based compensation						98						97
Nondeductible liabilities						252						184
Non-U.S. tax loss carryforwards						340						420
Lease liability						1,200						892
Other-domestic						126						179
Other-non-U.S.						454						329
Subtotal						3,561						3,015
Less: valuation allowances						(170)						(147)
Total deferred income tax assets						3,391						2,868
Deferred income tax liabilities:
U.S. federal and state intangible assets						(2,588)						(2,370)
Non-U.S. goodwill and intangible assets						(606)						(735)
Capitalized software						(731)						(683)
Depreciation and amortization						(346)						(301)
Prepaid expenses						(216)						(172)
Outside basis in partnerships						(342)						(317)
Lease right-of-use asset						(1,179)						(887)
Net unrealized gains on investments						(400)						(177)
Other-non-U.S.						(350)						(219)
Total deferred income tax liabilities						(6,758)						(5,861)
Net deferred income tax liabilities						$	(3,367)					$	(2,993)

Summary of Positions for which Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Table Text Block]

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31 is as follows:

(in millions)						2020						2019						2018
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of period						$	1,423					$	1,056					$	598
Gross increases:
Current year tax positions						416						512						487
Prior year tax positions						120						2						87
Gross decreases:
Prior year tax positions						(130)						(96)						(84)
Settlements						—						(46)						(20)
Statute of limitations lapses						—						(5)						(12)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, end of period						$	1,829					$	1,423					$	1,056

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of unrecognized tax benefits for which a material change is reasonably possible in the next twelve months, typically including the nature of the uncertainty, the event(s) that could cause a material change, and an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change or a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. An unrecognized tax benefit is the difference between a tax position taken in a tax return and the amounts recognized in the financial statements for which it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the position, that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination.

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