Segment Information and Major Customers


(a)	Revenue and Gross Margin by Segment

We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis consisting of three segments: the Americas, EMEA, and APJC. Our management makes financial decisions and allocates resources based on the information it receives from our internal management system. Sales are attributed to a segment based on the ordering location of the customer. We do not allocate research and development, sales and marketing, or general and administrative expenses to our segments in this internal management system because management does not include the information in our measurement of the performance of the operating segments. In addition, we do not allocate amortization and impairment of acquisition-related intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, significant litigation settlements and other contingencies, charges related to asset impairments and restructurings, and certain other charges to the gross margin for each segment because management does not include this information in our measurement of the performance of the operating segments.

Summarized financial information by segment for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, based on our internal management system and as utilized by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), is as follows (in millions):



	Three Months Ended
	October 27, 2018			October 28, 2017
Revenue:
Americas	$	7,751		$	7,350
EMEA	3,224			2,909
APJC	2,096			1,877
Total	$	13,072		$	12,136
Gross margin:
Americas	$	5,070		$	4,722
EMEA	2,070			1,839
APJC	1,200			1,165
Segment total	8,341			7,726
Unallocated corporate items	(195		)	(299		)
Total	$	8,146		$	7,427

Amounts may not sum and percentages may not recalculate due to rounding.

Revenue in the United States was $6.9 billion and $6.5 billion for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively.


(b)	Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services

We design, manufacture, and sell Internet Protocol (IP)-based networking and other products related to the communications and information technology (IT) industry and provide services associated with these products and their use.

The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):



	Three Months Ended
	October 27, 2018		October 28, 2017
Revenue:
Infrastructure Platforms	$	7,642	$	6,980
Applications	1,419		1,203
Security	651		585
Other Products	178		286
Total Product	9,890		9,054
Services	3,182		3,082
Total	$	13,072	$	12,136


(c)	Additional Segment Information

The majority of our assets was attributable to our U.S. operations as of each of October 27, 2018 and July 28, 2018.

Property and equipment information is based on the physical location of the assets. The following table presents property and equipment information for geographic areas (in millions):



	October 27, 2018		July 28, 2018
Property and equipment, net:
United States	$	2,421	$	2,487
International	535		519
Total	$	2,956	$	3,006