Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets


(a)	Goodwill

The following table presents the goodwill allocated to our reportable segments as of April 27, 2019 and during the first nine months of fiscal 2019 (in millions):




	Balance at July 28, 2018		Acquisitions & Divestitures		Other			Balance at April 27, 2019
Americas	$	19,998	$	1,240	$	(109	)	$	21,129
EMEA	7,529		486		(33		)	7,982
APJC	4,179		274		(20		)	4,433
Total	$	31,706	$	2,000	$	(162	)	$	33,544

“Other” in the table above primarily consists of foreign currency translation as well as immaterial purchase accounting adjustments.


(b)	Purchased Intangible Assets

The following table presents details of our intangible assets acquired through acquisitions completed during the first nine months of fiscal 2019 (in millions, except years):



	FINITE LIVES									INDEFINITE LIVES		TOTAL
	TECHNOLOGY			CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS			OTHER			IPR&D		TOTAL
	Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)	Amount		Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)	Amount		Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)	Amount		Amount		Amount
Duo	5.0	$	153	5.0	$	94	2.5	$	18	$	77	$	342
Luxtera	4.0	2		5.0	58		1.6	3		256		319
Others (three in total)	4.4	11		—	—		—	—		—		11
Total		$	166		$	152		$	21	$	333	$	672

The following tables present details of our purchased intangible assets (in millions):



April 27, 2019	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Technology	$	3,169	$	(1,775	)	$	1,394
Customer relationships	840		(296		)	544
Other	41		(18		)	23
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives	4,050		(2,089		)	1,961
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives	437		—			437
Total	$	4,487	$	(2,089	)	$	2,398



July 28, 2018	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Technology	$	3,711	$	(1,888	)	$	1,823
Customer relationships	1,538		(937		)	601
Other	63		(38		)	25
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives	5,312		(2,863		)	2,449
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives	103		—			103
Total	$	5,415	$	(2,863	)	$	2,552

Purchased intangible assets include intangible assets acquired through acquisitions as well as through direct purchases or licenses.

There were no impairment charges related to purchased intangible assets for the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2019. Impairment charges related to purchased intangible assets for the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal 2018 were $1 million. Impairment charges are primarily a result of declines in estimated fair values of certain purchased intangible assets resulting from the reduction or elimination of expected future cash flows associated with certain of our technology and in-process research and development (IPR&D) intangible assets.

The following table presents the amortization of purchased intangible assets, including impairment charges (in millions):



	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	April 27, 2019		April 28, 2018		April 27, 2019		April 28, 2018
Amortization of purchased intangible assets:
Cost of sales	$	157	$	177	$	464	$	491
Operating expenses	39		67		112		188
Total	$	196	$	244	$	576	$	679

The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets with finite lives as of April 27, 2019 is as follows (in millions):



Fiscal Year	Amount
2019 (remaining three months)	$	194
2020	$	741
2021	$	543
2022	$	287
2023	$	145
Thereafter	$	51