Segment Information and Major Customers


(a)	Revenue and Gross Margin by Segment

We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis consisting of three segments: the Americas, EMEA, and APJC. Our management makes financial decisions and allocates resources based on the information it receives from our internal management system. Sales are attributed to a segment based on the ordering location of the customer. We do not allocate research and development, sales and marketing, or general and administrative expenses to our segments in this internal management system because management does not include the information in our measurement of the performance of the operating segments. In addition, we do not allocate amortization and impairment of acquisition-related intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, significant litigation settlements and other contingencies, charges related to asset impairments and restructurings, and certain other charges to the gross margin for each segment because management does not include this information in our measurement of the performance of the operating segments.

Summarized financial information by segment for the third quarter and the first nine months of fiscal 2019 and 2018, based on our internal management system and as utilized by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), is as follows (in millions):



	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	April 27, 2019			April 28, 2018			April 27, 2019			April 28, 2018
Revenue:
Americas	$	7,695		$	7,161		$	22,798		$	21,515
EMEA	3,356			3,281			9,803			9,252
APJC	1,907			2,021			5,875			5,719
Total	$	12,958		$	12,463		$	38,476		$	36,486
Gross margin:
Americas	$	5,046		$	4,614		$	14,911		$	13,950
EMEA	2,166			2,109			6,307			5,925
APJC	1,158			1,247			3,467			3,506
Segment total	8,370			7,970			24,686			23,381
Unallocated corporate items	(197		)	(211		)	(594		)	(697		)
Total	$	8,173		$	7,759		$	24,092		$	22,684

Amounts may not sum and percentages may not recalculate due to rounding.

Revenue in the United States was $6.8 billion and $6.2 billion for the third quarter of fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $20.2 billion and $18.8 billion for the first nine months of fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively.


(b)	Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services

We design, manufacture, and sell Internet Protocol (IP)-based networking and other products related to the communications and information technology (IT) industry and provide services associated with these products and their use.

The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):



	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	April 27, 2019		April 28, 2018		April 27, 2019		April 28, 2018
Revenue:
Infrastructure Platforms	$	7,545	$	7,180	$	22,315	$	20,870
Applications	1,431		1,310		4,315		3,697
Security	707		583		2,016		1,725
Other Products	39		231		239		775
Total Product	9,722		9,304		28,885		27,067
Services	3,236		3,159		9,591		9,419
Total⁽¹⁾	$	12,958	$	12,463	$	38,476	$	36,486

⁽¹⁾ Includes SPVSS business revenue of $0 and $219 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $168 million and $697 million for the first nine months of fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively.


(c)	Additional Segment Information

The majority of our assets was attributable to our U.S. operations as of each of April 27, 2019 and July 28, 2018.

Property and equipment information is based on the physical location of the assets. The following table presents property and equipment information for geographic areas (in millions):



	April 27, 2019		July 28, 2018
Property and equipment, net:
United States	$	2,297	$	2,487
International	537		519
Total	$	2,834	$	3,006