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Segment Information and Major Customers | 12 Months Ended
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Jul. 27, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Segment Information and Major Customers | Segment Information and Major Customers (a)Revenue and Gross Margin by Segment We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis consisting of three segments: the Americas, EMEA, and APJC. Our management makes financial decisions and allocates resources based on the information it receives from our internal management system. Sales are attributed to a segment based on the ordering location of the customer. We do not allocate research and development, sales and marketing, or general and administrative expenses to our segments in this internal management system because management does not include the information in our measurement of the performance of the operating segments. In addition, we do not allocate amortization and impairment of acquisition-related intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, significant litigation settlements and other contingencies, charges related to asset impairments and restructurings, and certain other charges to the gross margin for each segment because management does not include this information in our measurement of the performance of the operating segments. Summarized financial information by segment for fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022, based on our internal management system and as utilized by our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), is as follows (in millions):
Years Ended | July 27, 2024 |  | July 29, 2023 |  | July 30, 2022
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 31,971 |  |  | $ | 33,447 |  |  | $ | 29,814 |
EMEA | 14,117 |  |  | 15,135 |  |  | 13,715 |
APJC | 7,716 |  |  | 8,417 |  |  | 8,027 |
Total | $ | 53,803 |  |  | $ | 56,998 |  |  | $ | 51,557 |
Gross margin: |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 21,372 |  |  | $ | 21,350 |  |  | $ | 19,117 |
EMEA | 9,755 |  |  | 10,016 |  |  | 8,969 |
APJC | 5,187 |  |  | 5,424 |  |  | 5,241 |
Segment total | 36,312 |  |  | 36,788 |  |  | 33,326 |
Unallocated corporate items | (1,484) |  |  | (1,035) |  |  | (1,078) |
Total | $ | 34,828 |  |  | $ | 35,753 |  |  | $ | 32,248 |
Amounts may not sum due to rounding. Revenue in the United States was $28.7 billion, $29.9 billion, and $26.7 billion for fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. (b)Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services We design and sell IP-based networking and other products related to the communications and IT industry and provide services associated with these products and their use. Effective fiscal 2024, we began reporting our product and services revenue in the following categories: Networking, Security, Collaboration, Observability, and Services and conformed our product revenue for prior years to the current year presentation. The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):
Years Ended | July 27, 2024 |  | July 29, 2023 |  | July 30, 2022
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |
Networking | $ | 29,229 |  |  | $ | 34,570 |  |  | $ | 29,265 |
Security | 5,075 |  |  | 3,859 |  |  | 3,699 |
Collaboration | 4,113 |  |  | 4,052 |  |  | 4,472 |
Observability | 837 |  |  | 661 |  |  | 581 |
Total Product | 39,253 |  |  | 43,142 |  |  | 38,018 |
Services | 14,550 |  |  | 13,856 |  |  | 13,539 |
Total | $ | 53,803 |  |  | $ | 56,998 |  |  | $ | 51,557 |
Amounts may not sum due to rounding. (c)Additional Segment Information No single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue in fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022. The majority of our assets as of July 27, 2024 and July 29, 2023 were attributable to our U.S. operations. Our long-lived assets are based on the physical location of the assets. The following table presents our long-lived assets, which consists of property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets information for geographic areas (in millions):
| July 27, 2024 |  | July 29, 2023 |  | July 30, 2022
Long-lived assets: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 2,253 |  |  | $ | 2,113 |  |  | $ | 2,004 |
International | 903 |  |  | 943 |  |  | 997 |
Total | $ | 3,156 |  |  | $ | 3,056 |  |  | $ | 3,001 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. 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