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Fair Value Option (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Option, Disclosures | The table below presents the gains and losses recognized in earnings as a result of the election to apply the fair value option to certain financial assets and liabilities.
| Three Months Ended September |  | Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024 |  | 2025 | 2024
Unsecured short-term borrowings | $ | (2,027) |  | $ | (1,287) |  |  | $ | (3,839) |  | $ | (2,477) |
Unsecured long-term borrowings | (2,476) |  | (3,707) |  |  | (6,412) |  | (4,781) |
Other | (284) |  | (316) |  |  | (765) |  | (525) |
Total | $ | (4,787) |  | $ | (5,310) |  |  | $ | (11,016) |  | $ | (7,783) |
In the table above: •Gains/(losses) were substantially all included in market making. •Gains/(losses) exclude contractual interest, which is included in interest income and interest expense, for all instruments other than hybrid financial instruments. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense. •Gains/(losses) included in unsecured short- and long-term borrowings were substantially all related to the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments. These gains and losses would have been recognized under other U.S. GAAP even if the firm had not elected to account for the entire hybrid financial instrument at fair value. •Gains/(losses) included in other were primarily related to resale and repurchase agreements, deposits and other secured financings. •Other financial assets and liabilities at fair value are frequently economically hedged with trading assets and liabilities. Accordingly, gains or losses on such other financial assets and liabilities can be partially offset by gains or losses on trading assets and liabilities. As a result, gains or losses on other financial assets and liabilities do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources. The table below presents information about the net debt valuation adjustment (DVA) gains/(losses) on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected.
| Three Months Ended September |  | Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024 |  | 2025 | 2024
Pre-tax DVA | $ | (962) |  | $ | (128) |  |  | $ | (864) |  | $ | (514) |
After-tax DVA | $ | (711) |  | $ | (95) |  |  | $ | (641) |  | $ | (383) |
In the table above: •After-tax DVA is included in debt valuation adjustment in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. •The gains/(losses) reclassified to market making in the consolidated statements of earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) upon extinguishment of such financial liabilities were not material for each of the three and nine months ended September 2025 and September 2024. The table below presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate contractual principal amount for loans (included in trading assets and loans in the consolidated balance sheets) for which the fair value option was elected.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Performing loans |  |
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value | $ | 707 |  | $ | 965 |
Loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value | $ | 2,141 |  | $ | 2,402 |
Aggregate fair value | $ | 2,997 |  | $ | 1,454 |
In the table above, the aggregate contractual principal amount of loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due (which excludes loans carried at zero fair value and considered uncollectible) exceeds the related fair value primarily because the firm regularly purchases loans, such as distressed loans, at values significantly below the contractual principal amounts.

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