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Variable Interest Entities (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Variable Interest Entities [Abstract] |
Schedule of Variable Interest Entities | The table below presents a summary of the nonconsolidated VIEs in which the firm holds variable interests.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Total nonconsolidated VIEs |  |
Assets in VIEs | $ | 248,127 |  | $ | 206,500 |
Carrying value of variable interests — assets | $ | 17,611 |  | $ | 16,710 |
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities | $ | 2,448 |  | $ | 2,754 |
Maximum exposure to loss: |  |
Retained interests | $ | 7,240 |  | $ | 5,848 |
Purchased interests | 587 |  | 767 |
Commitments and guarantees | 5,093 |  | 5,034 |
Derivatives | 9,161 |  | 8,974 |
Debt and equity | 6,362 |  | 6,878 |
Total | $ | 28,443 |  | $ | 27,501 |
In the table above: •The nature of the firm’s variable interests is described in the rows under maximum exposure to loss. •The firm’s exposure to the obligations of VIEs is generally limited to its interests in these entities. In certain instances, the firm provides guarantees, including derivative guarantees, to VIEs or holders of variable interests in VIEs. •The maximum exposure to loss excludes the benefit of offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate the risks associated with these variable interests. •The maximum exposure to loss from retained interests, purchased interests, and debt and equity is the carrying value of these interests. •The maximum exposure to loss from commitments and guarantees, and derivatives is the notional amount, which does not represent anticipated losses and has not been reduced by unrealized losses. As a result, the maximum exposure to loss exceeds liabilities recorded for commitments and guarantees, and derivatives. The table below presents information, by principal business activity, for nonconsolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Mortgage-backed |  |
Assets in VIEs | $ | 161,154 |  | $ | 128,378 |
Carrying value of variable interests — assets | $ | 6,862 |  | $ | 5,618 |
Maximum exposure to loss: |  |
Retained interests | $ | 6,740 |  | $ | 5,355 |
Purchased interests | 121 |  | 263 |
Derivatives | 1 |  | 1 |
Total | $ | 6,862 |  | $ | 5,619 |
Tax credit and other investing
Assets in VIEs | $ | 62,895 |  | $ | 55,311 |
Carrying value of variable interests — assets | $ | 6,505 |  | $ | 6,978 |
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities | $ | 2,032 |  | $ | 2,315 |
Maximum exposure to loss: |  |
Commitments and guarantees | $ | 4,241 |  | $ | 4,138 |
Debt and equity | 4,539 |  | 4,831 |
Total | $ | 8,780 |  | $ | 8,969 |
Corporate debt and other asset-backed
Assets in VIEs | $ | 24,078 |  | $ | 22,811 |
Carrying value of variable interests — assets | $ | 4,244 |  | $ | 4,114 |
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities | $ | 416 |  | $ | 439 |
Maximum exposure to loss: |  |
Retained interests | $ | 500 |  | $ | 493 |
Purchased interests | 466 |  | 504 |
Commitments and guarantees | 852 |  | 896 |
Derivatives | 9,160 |  | 8,973 |
Debt and equity | 1,823 |  | 2,047 |
Total | $ | 12,801 |  | $ | 12,913 |
The table below presents a summary of the carrying value and balance sheet classification of assets and liabilities in consolidated VIEs.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Total consolidated VIEs |  |
Assets |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 28 |  | $ | 172 |
Customer and other receivables | 1 |  | 325 |
Trading assets | 112 |  | 95 |
Investments | 172 |  | 170 |
Loans | 6 |  | 9 |
Other assets | 71 |  | 69 |
Total | $ | 390 |  | $ | 840 |
Liabilities |  |
Other secured financings | $ | 597 |  | $ | 661 |
Customer and other payables | 9 |  | 7 |
Unsecured short-term borrowings | 6 |  | 5 |
Unsecured long-term borrowings | 15 |  | 15 |
Other liabilities | 165 |  | 165 |
Total | $ | 792 |  | $ | 853 |
In the table above: •Assets and liabilities are presented net of intercompany eliminations and exclude the benefit of offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate the risks associated with the firm’s variable interests. •VIEs in which the firm holds a majority voting interest are excluded if (i) the VIE meets the definition of a business and (ii) the VIE’s assets can be used for purposes other than the settlement of its obligations. •Substantially all assets can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE. The table below presents information, by principal business activity, for consolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Real estate, credit-related and other investing |
Assets |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 18 |  | $ | 17 |
Customer and other receivables | 1 |  | – |
Trading assets | 14 |  | 18 |
Investments | 172 |  | 170 |
Loans | 6 |  | 9 |
Other assets | 71 |  | 69 |
Total | $ | 282 |  | $ | 283 |
Liabilities |  |
Other secured financings | $ | 2 |  | $ | 4 |
Customer and other payables | 9 |  | 7 |
Other liabilities | 165 |  | 165 |
Total | $ | 176 |  | $ | 176 |
Corporate debt and other asset-backed |  |
Assets |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 10 |  | $ | 155 |
Total | $ | 10 |  | $ | 155 |
Liabilities |  |
Other secured financings | $ | 248 |  | $ | 334 |
Total | $ | 248 |  | $ | 334 |
Principal-protected notes |  |
Assets |  |
Customer and other receivables | $ | – |  | $ | 325 |
Trading assets | 98 |  | 77 |
Total | $ | 98 |  | $ | 402 |
Liabilities |  |
Other secured financings | $ | 347 |  | $ | 323 |
Unsecured short-term borrowings | 6 |  | 5 |
Unsecured long-term borrowings | 15 |  | 15 |
Total | $ | 368 |  | $ | 343 |
In the table above, creditors and beneficial interest holders of real estate, credit-related and other investing VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the firm.
Other Assets | The table below presents other assets by type.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment | $ | 7,744 |  | $ | 8,024 |
Goodwill | 5,950 |  | 5,853 |
Identifiable intangible assets | 864 |  | 847 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 2,054 |  | 1,967 |
Income tax-related assets | 11,284 |  | 9,131 |
Miscellaneous receivables and other | 7,696 |  | 8,365 |
Total | $ | 35,592 |  | $ | 34,187 |
The table below presents information about investments (included in miscellaneous receivables and other within other assets in the consolidated balance sheets) in qualified affordable housing and renewable energy projects that met the criteria of the proportional amortization method of accounting.
| As of
| September | December
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024
Carrying value of investments | $ | 3,343 |  | $ | 3,456 |
The table below presents information about the amortization and income tax credits and other income tax benefits related to investments in qualified affordable housing and renewable energy projects that met the criteria of the proportional amortization method of accounting.
| Three Months Ended September |  | Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions | 2025 | 2024 |  | 2025 | 2024
Amortization | $ | 89 |  | $ | 96 |  |  | $ | 348 |  | $ | 315 |
Tax credits and other benefits | $ | 115 |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | 447 |  | $ | 382 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the carrying amounts of other assets. This disclosure includes other current assets and other noncurrent assets. + References No definition available. + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5A -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-5A Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-9 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-4 Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-6 + Details
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