<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-21-111825.txt : 20210901
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-21-111825.hdr.sgml : 20210901
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210901071101
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-21-111825
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210830
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210901
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210901

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			ABBOTT LABORATORIES
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000001800
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				360698440
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			IL
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-02189
		FILM NUMBER:		211228746

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		100 ABBOTT PARK ROAD
		CITY:			ABBOTT PARK
		STATE:			IL
		ZIP:			60064-3500
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2246676100

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		100 ABBOTT PARK ROAD
		CITY:			ABBOTT PARK
		STATE:			IL
		ZIP:			60064-3500
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form&#160;8-K filing
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.3in; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -0.3in"><span style="font: 10pt Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_901_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20210830__20210830_zzTHHaqMQLT6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
</span>Written communications pursuant to Rule&#160;425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.3in; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -0.3in"><span style="font: 10pt Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_902_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20210830__20210830_z0Xq2Vs7gyQ2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
</span>Soliciting material pursuant to Rule&#160;14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.3in; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -0.3in"><span style="font: 10pt Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_908_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20210830__20210830_zW7ePOmd6Y14"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
</span>Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;14d-2(b)&#160;under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.3in; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -0.3in"><span style="font: 10pt Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90C_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20210830__20210830_zg1ax5z7Lo25"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
</span>Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;13e-4(c)&#160;under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Securities Registered Pursuant to Section&#160;12(b)&#160;of
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging
growth company as defined in Rule&#160;405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule&#160;12b-2 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with
any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a)&#160;of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;</span><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p></div>



<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 5.02&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="background-color: white">Departure of
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">On August 30, 2021, Patricia P. Gonzalez was named to the Abbott Laboratories&#8217;
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Item 5.03&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Amendments to Articles of Incorporation
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On August 30, 2021, Abbott&#8217;s Board of Directors
amended the first sentence of Article III, Section 2 of Abbott&#8217;s by-laws to provide that Abbott&#8217;s Board of Directors shall
consist of fourteen persons, effective as of August 30, 2021. Abbott&#8217;s by-laws previously provided that the Board of Directors consisted
of thirteen persons.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Item 9.01&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 1in"></td><td style="width: 1.25in"><a href="tm2126543d1_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1</a></td><td><a href="tm2126543d1_ex3-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit">By-Laws of Abbott Laboratories, as amended and restated effective August 30, 2021.&#9;</a></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2.5in; text-indent: -1.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 1in"></td><td style="width: 1.25in">104</td><td>Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document).</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2.5in; text-indent: -1.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2.5in; text-indent: -1.5in"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2.5in; text-indent: -1.5in">&#160;</p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    <td>Date: September 1, 2021</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 3.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>BY-LAWS OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>ABBOTT LABORATORIES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">Adopted by the Board
of Directors of</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">Abbott Laboratories at the Annual</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">Meeting, April 11, 1963</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">as amended and
restated, effective August 30, 2021</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">BY-LAWS OF ABBOTT
LABORATORIES</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE I</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>OFFICES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The principal office of the
Corporation in the State of Illinois shall be located at the intersection of State Routes 43 and 137 in the County of Lake. The
Corporation may have such other offices either within or without the State of Illinois as the business of the Corporation may require
from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The registered office of the
Corporation may be, but need not be, identical with the principal office in the State of Illinois. The address of the registered
office may be changed from time to time by the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE
II</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">SHAREHOLDERS</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.05pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ANNUAL MEETING; TRANSACTION OF BUSINESS, NOMINATION OF DIRECTORS</U>. The annual
meeting of the shareholders shall be held at such place, on such date and at such time as shall be designated from time to
time by the Board of Directors. The meeting shall be held for the purpose of electing Directors and for the transaction of
such other business as is brought properly before the meeting in accordance with these By-Laws. If the election of Directors
shall not be held on the day designated for any annual meeting, or at any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors shall
cause the election to be held at a meeting of the shareholders as soon thereafter as conveniently may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">At any annual meeting of the
shareholders, only such nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors shall be made, and only such other business
shall be conducted or considered, as shall have been brought properly before the meeting. For nominations to be made properly at
an annual meeting, and proposals of other business to be brought properly before an annual meeting, nominations and proposals of
other business must be: (a) specified in the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the
direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise brought properly before the annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board
of Directors, or (c) otherwise requested properly to be brought before the annual meeting by a shareholder who (i) is a shareholder
of record on the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to vote at such annual meeting, on the date such shareholder
provides timely notice to the Corporation as provided herein and on the date of the annual meeting and (ii) complies with the notice
requirements set forth in this Section 1.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition to any other
applicable requirements, for nominations to be made properly at an annual meeting by a shareholder, and proposals of other
business to be brought properly before an annual meeting by a shareholder, the shareholder must have given timely notice
thereof in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a shareholder&rsquo;s notice to the Secretary must be delivered to and
received at the principal executive office of the Corporation not less than ninety days and not more than one hundred twenty
days prior to the anniversary date of the preceding annual meeting of shareholders; <U>provided, however, </U>that if the
annual meeting is called for a date that is not within twenty-five days before or after such anniversary date, notice by the
shareholder must be so delivered and received not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the day on
which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or such public announcement in a press release or in a filing
with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs. Neither any
adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting, nor the public announcement thereof, shall commence a new time period for
the giving of a shareholder&rsquo;s notice pursuant to the preceding sentence. In addition to being timely, a
shareholder&rsquo;s notice must be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be
provided in such notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting and as of the date that is ten
business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be
delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not more than five business days after the
record date for the meeting, and not less than eight business days prior to the date for the meeting, any adjournment or
postponement thereof in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten business days prior to the
meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the requirement to update and supplement such
information shall not permit any shareholder or other person to change or add any proposed nominee for director or other
proposed business or be deemed to cure any defects or limit the remedies (including without limitation under these By-Laws)
available to the Corporation relating to any defect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">A shareholder&rsquo;s notice
to the Secretary (whether given pursuant to this Section 1 or Section 2 of Article II) shall include the following, as applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(1)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>As
to the shareholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made,
the shareholder&rsquo;s notice must set forth: (i) the name and address of such shareholder, as they appear on the
Corporation&rsquo;s books, of such beneficial owner, if any, and of their respective affiliates or associates or others
acting in concert therewith (each a &ldquo;Proposing Party&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;Proposing Parties&rdquo;);
(ii) (A) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially
and of record by each of the Proposing Parties, (B) (x) any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right,
or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any
class or series of shares of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or
series of shares of the Corporation, (y) any derivative or synthetic arrangement having the characteristics of a long
position in any class or series of shares of the Corporation, or (z) any contract, derivative, swap or other agreement,
transaction or series of transactions designed to produce economic benefits and risks that correspond substantially to the
ownership of any class or series of shares of the Corporation, including where the value of such contract, derivative, swap
or other agreement, transaction or series of transactions is determined by reference to the price, value or volatility of any
class or series of shares of the Corporation, in each of clauses (x), (y) and (z) whether or not such instrument, contract or
right may be settled in the underlying class or series of shares of the Corporation, through the delivery of cash or other
property, or otherwise, and without regard to whether a Proposing Party may have entered into transactions that hedge or
mitigate the economic effect of such instrument, contract or right or any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or
share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation (any of the foregoing, a
 &ldquo;Derivative Instrument&rdquo;) directly or indirectly owned beneficially by any of the Proposing Parties, (C) any
proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which any of the Proposing Parties has a right to
vote any class or series of shares of the Corporation, (D) any agreement, arrangement, understanding, relationship or
otherwise, including any repurchase or similar so-called &ldquo;stock borrowing&rdquo; agreement or arrangement, engaged in,
directly or indirectly, by any of the Proposing Parties, the purpose or effect of which is to mitigate loss to, reduce the
economic risk (of ownership or otherwise) of any class or series of the shares of the Corporation by, manage the risk of
share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such Proposing Party with respect to any class or
series of the shares of the Corporation, or which provides, directly or indirectly, the opportunity to profit or share in any
profit derived from any decrease in the price or value of any class or series of the shares of the Corporation (any of the
foregoing, &ldquo;Short Interests&rdquo;), (E) any rights to dividends on the shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by
any of the Proposing Parties that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (F) any
proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or
limited partnership or similar entity in which any of the Proposing Parties is a general partner or, directly or indirectly,
beneficially owns an interest in a general partner of such general or limited partnership or similar entity, (G) any
performance related fees (other than an asset-based fee) that any of the Proposing Parties are entitled to based on any
increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, including without
limitation any such interests held by members of such Proposing Party&rsquo;s immediate family sharing the same household,
(H) any significant equity interests or any Derivative Instruments or Short Interests in any principal competitor of the
Corporation held by any of the Proposing Parties, and (I) any direct or indirect interest of any of the Proposing Parties in
any contract with the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any principal competitor of the Corporation
(including, in any such case, any employment agreement, collective bargaining agreement or consulting agreement); and (iii)
any other information relating to each of the Proposing Parties that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement
and form of proxy or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the
proposal and/or for the election of Directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;) and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(2)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>If
the notice relates to any business other than a nomination of a Director or Directors that the shareholder proposes to bring
before the meeting, the notice must, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraph (1) above, also set forth: (i) a brief
description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at
the meeting; (ii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration
and, in the event that such proposal or business includes a proposal to amend the By-Laws of the Corporation, the text of the
proposed amendment); (iii) any material interest of the shareholder in such business; and (iv) a description of all
agreements, arrangements and understandings between such shareholder and beneficial owner, if any, and any other person or
persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such shareholder;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(3)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>As to any person the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, the shareholder&rsquo;s
notice must, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraph (1) above, set forth: (i) all information relating to such person
that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement and form of proxy or other filings required to be made in connection
with solicitations of proxies for election of Directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and
the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person&rsquo;s written consent to being named in the proxy statement
as a nominee and to serving as a Director if elected) and (ii) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other
material financial agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships,
between or among any of the Proposing Parties, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates
and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the other hand, including, without limitation all information that would
be required to be disclosed pursuant to Rule 404 promulgated under Regulation S-K if any of the Proposing Parties were the &ldquo;registrant&rdquo;
for purposes of such rule and the nominee were a Director or executive officer of such registrant; and</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(4)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>With respect to each person, if any, whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the Board of
Directors, a shareholder&rsquo;s notice must, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraphs (1) and (3) above, also include
a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement as set forth below in this Section 1 of these By-Laws. The
Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation
to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as Director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable
shareholder&rsquo;s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee. No person shall be eligible for election
as a Director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth herein.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">To be eligible to be a
nominee for election or reelection as a Director of the Corporation, a person nominated by a shareholder for election or
reelection to the Board of Directors must deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice
under this Section 1 or Section 2 of Article II of these By-Laws, as applicable) to the Secretary at the principal executive
offices of the Corporation a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person and the
background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided
by the Secretary upon written request), and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary
upon written request) that such person (a) is not and will not become a party to (i) any agreement, arrangement or
understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected
as a Director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a &ldquo;Voting Commitment&rdquo;) that has not
been disclosed to the Corporation or (ii) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person&rsquo;s
ability to comply, if elected as a Director of the Corporation, with such person&rsquo;s fiduciary duties as a Director, (b)
is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the
Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement, indemnification or other material financial
agreement, arrangement or understanding in connection with service or action as a Director that has not been disclosed
therein, (c) will comply with the Company&rsquo;s stock ownership guidelines for directors, if any, and has disclosed therein
whether all or any portion of securities of the Corporation owned by such person were purchased with any financial assistance
provided by any other person and whether any other person has any interest in such securities, and (d) in such
person&rsquo;s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would
be in compliance, if elected as a Director of the Corporation, and will comply with all applicable corporate governance,
conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation publicly
disclosed from time to time. Notwithstanding anything in these By-Laws to the contrary, no nominations of Directors shall be
made, and no other business shall be conducted, at the annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in
this Section 1, and any such business must be a proper matter for shareholder action.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Chairman of the meeting
shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made or a proposal for business was
not brought properly in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting
and the defective nomination or business proposal shall be disregarded.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of these By-Laws,
 &ldquo;public announcement&rdquo; shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or in a document
publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding the
provisions of these By-Laws, a shareholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the
rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1 and Section 2 of Article II of these
By-Laws; provided, however, that any references in these By-Laws to the Exchange Act or the rules promulgated thereunder are
not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be
considered pursuant to this Section 1 and Section 2 of Article II of these By-Laws. Nothing in these By-Laws shall be deemed
to affect any rights of shareholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy statement pursuant to
Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act. Subject to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, nothing in these By-Laws shall be construed
to permit any shareholder, or give any shareholder the right, to include or have disseminated or described in the
Corporation&rsquo;s proxy statement any nomination of Director or Directors or any other business proposal.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SPECIAL MEETINGS</U>.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Special meetings of the shareholders
may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, any President, the Board of Directors or by a shareholder
(or shareholders) holding not less than one-fifth of all the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the matter for which the meeting
is called.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">At any special meeting of the
shareholders, only such nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors shall be made, and only such other
business shall be conducted or considered, as shall have been brought properly before the meeting. For nominations to be made
properly at a special meeting, and proposals of other business to be brought properly before the special meeting, nominations
and proposals of other business must be: (a) specified in the Corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting (or any supplement
thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise brought properly before the special meeting by
or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) otherwise requested properly to be brought before the special meeting
by a shareholder (or shareholders) of the Corporation holding sufficient shares to call a special meeting as provided in the
first paragraph of this Section 2 and (i) being shareholder(s) of record on the record date for the determination of
shareholders entitled to vote at such special meeting, on the date such shareholder(s) provide(s) timely notice to the
Corporation as provided herein and on the date of the special meeting and (ii) complying with the notice requirements set
forth in this Section 2 (including the provisions of Article II, Section 1 which are referenced in this Section 2).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition to any other applicable
requirements, for business to be brought properly by a shareholder before a special meeting the shareholder must have given timely
notice thereof in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a shareholder&rsquo;s notice must be delivered to and received at the
principal office of the Corporation, in the case of a special meeting of shareholders, not less than ninety days nor more than
one hundred twenty days prior to the date of the special meeting or, if the first public announcement of the date of such special
meeting is less than one hundred days prior to the date of such special meeting, the close of business on the tenth day following
the day on which such notice of the date of the special meeting was mailed or such public announcement in a press release or in
a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the date of the special meeting was made, whichever first occurs. Neither
any adjournment or postponement of a special meeting, nor the public announcement thereof, shall commence a new time period for
the giving of a shareholder&rsquo;s notice pursuant to the preceding sentence. In addition to being timely, a shareholder&rsquo;s
notice must be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice
shall be true and correct as of the record date for the special meeting and as of the date that is ten business days prior to the
special meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary
at the principal executive office of the Corporation not more than five business days after the record date for the special meeting,
and not less than eight business days prior to the date for the special meeting, any adjournment or postponement thereof in the
case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten business days prior to the special meeting or any adjournment or
postponement thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the requirement to update and supplement such information shall not permit any
shareholder or other person to change or add any proposed nominee for director or other proposed business or be deemed to cure
any defects or limit the remedies (including without limitation under these By-Laws) available to the Corporation relating to any
defect.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">A shareholder&rsquo;s notice
to the Secretary shall include all of the information set forth in, and shall otherwise comply with the requirements of, paragraphs
(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Article II, Section 1 of these By-Laws, as applicable, and, in the case of a nomination of a Director,
a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement as set forth in Article II, Section 1 of these By-Laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding anything in
these By-Laws to the contrary, no nominations of Directors shall be made, and no other business shall be conducted, at the special
meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Chairman of a special meeting
shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that nominations were not made properly or business was not brought
properly before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare
to the meeting and such nominations or business not made or brought properly before the meeting shall be disregarded.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>PLACE OF MEETING</U>.
The Board of Directors may designate any place, either within or without the State of Illinois, as the place of meeting for any
annual meeting or for any special meeting. If no designation is made, or if a special meeting be otherwise called, the place of
meeting shall be the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Illinois.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NOTICE OF MEETINGS</U>.
Written notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for
which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, or in
the cases of a merger, consolidation, share exchange, dissolution or sale, lease or exchange of assets not less than twenty nor
more than sixty days before the meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of the Chairman of the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer, any President, or the Secretary or the persons calling the meeting, to each shareholder of record entitled
to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail, addressed
to the shareholder at his or her address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>FIXING RECORD
DATE</U>. For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders, or shareholders
entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other proper purpose,
the Board of Directors of the Corporation may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders,
such date in any case to be not more than sixty days and, for a meeting of shareholders, not less than ten days, or in the case
of a merger, consolidation, share exchange, dissolution or sale, lease or exchange of assets not less than twenty days, immediately
preceding such meeting.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VOTING LISTS</U>.
The Secretary shall make, or cause to have made, within twenty days after the record date for a meeting of shareholders or ten
days before such meeting, whichever is earlier, a complete list of the shareholders entitled to vote at such meeting, arranged
in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each, which list, for a period of ten days prior to
such meeting, shall be kept on file at the registered office of the Corporation and shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder
and to copying at the shareholder&rsquo;s expense, at any time during usual business hours. Such list shall also be produced and
kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to the inspection of any shareholder during the whole time
of the meeting. The original share ledger or transfer book, or a duplicate thereof kept in this State, shall be prima facie evidence
as to who are the shareholders entitled to examine such list or share ledger or transfer book or to vote at any meeting of shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>QUORUM</U>.
A majority of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote on a matter, represented in person or by proxy, shall
constitute a quorum for consideration of such matter at a meeting of shareholders. If a quorum is present, the affirmative vote
of the majority of the shares represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on a matter shall be the act of the shareholders,
unless the vote of a greater number or voting by classes is required by The Business Corporation Act of 1983 or the Articles of
Incorporation, as in effect on the date of such determination. If a quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of shareholders,
the Chairman of the meeting, or if so requested by the Chairman, the shareholders present in person or represented by proxy, shall
have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than the announcement at the meeting, until a quorum
shall be present or represented. In addition, the Chairman of any meeting of shareholders shall have the power to adjourn the meeting
at the request of the Board of Directors if the Board of Directors determines that adjournment is necessary or appropriate to enable
shareholders to fully consider information which the Board of Directors determines has not been made sufficiently or timely available
to shareholders or is otherwise in the best interests of shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>PROXIES</U>.
A shareholder may appoint a proxy to vote or otherwise act for the shareholder by delivering a valid appointment to the person
so appointed or such person&rsquo;s agent; provided, however, no shareholder may name more than two persons as proxies to attend
and to vote the shareholder&rsquo;s shares at any meeting of shareholders. Without limiting the manner in which a shareholder may
appoint such a proxy pursuant to these By-Laws, the following shall constitute valid means by which a shareholder may make such
an appointment:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>A shareholder may sign a proxy appointment form. The shareholder&rsquo;s signature may be affixed by any reasonable means,
including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>A shareholder may transmit or authorize the transmission of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission;
provided that any such transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that
the telegram, cablegram, or other electronic transmission was authorized by the shareholder. If it is determined that the telegram,
cablegram, or other electronic transmission is valid, the inspectors or, if there are no inspectors, such other persons making
that determination shall specify the information upon which they relied.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">No proxy shall be valid after
the expiration of eleven months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Each proxy continues in full force
and effect until revoked by the person appointing the proxy prior to the vote pursuant thereto, except as otherwise provided by
law. Such revocation may be effected by a writing delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation stating that the proxy is revoked
or by a subsequent delivery of a valid proxy by, or by the attendance at the meeting and voting in person by the person appointing
the proxy. The dates of the proxy shall presumptively determine the order of appointment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VOTING OF SHARES</U>. Each outstanding share, regardless of class, shall be entitled
to one vote in each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders and, in all elections for Directors, every
shareholder shall have the right to vote the number of shares owned by such shareholder for as many persons as there are
Directors to be elected, or to cumulate such votes and give one candidate as many votes as shall equal the number of
Directors multiplied by the number of such shares or to distribute such cumulative votes in any proportion among any number
of candidates; provided that, vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled as provided in Section 9, Article III of
these By-Laws. A shareholder may vote either in person or by proxy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VOTING OF SHARES BY CERTAIN HOLDERS</U>. Shares of this Corporation held by the
Corporation in a fiduciary capacity may be voted and shall be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares
entitled to vote at any given time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Shares registered in the name
of another corporation, domestic or foreign, may be voted by any officer, agent, proxy or other legal representative authorized
to vote such shares under the law of incorporation of such corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Shares registered in the name
of a deceased person, a minor ward or a person under legal disability may be voted by his or her administrator, executor, or court
appointed guardian, either in person or by proxy without a transfer of such shares into the name of such administrator, executor,
or court appointed guardian. Shares registered in the name of a trustee may be voted by him or her, either in person or by proxy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Shares registered in the name
of a receiver may be voted by such receiver, and shares held by or under the control of a receiver may be voted by such receiver
without the transfer thereof into his or her name if authority so to do is contained in an appropriate order of the court by which
such receiver was appointed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">A shareholder
whose shares are pledged shall be entitled to vote such shares until the shares have been transferred into the name of the pledgee,
and thereafter the pledgee shall be entitled to vote the shares so transferred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VOTING BY
BALLOT</U>. Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the presiding officer shall order that voting be
by ballot.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>INSPECTORS
OF ELECTION</U>. The Board of Directors in advance of any meeting of shareholders may appoint inspectors to act at such meeting
or any adjournment thereof. If inspectors of election are not so appointed, the officer or person acting as chairman at any such
meeting may, and on the request of any shareholder or his proxy, shall make such appointment. In case any person appointed as inspector
shall fail to appear or to act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board of Directors in advance of the meeting
or at the meeting by the officer or person acting as chairman.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Such inspectors shall ascertain
and report the number of shares represented at the meeting, based upon their determination of the validity and effect of proxies;
count all votes and report the results; and do such other acts as are proper to conduct the election and voting with impartiality
and fairness to all the shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Each report of an inspector shall
be in writing and signed by him or her or by a majority of them if there be more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If
there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors. The report of the inspector or
inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 13 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SHAREHOLDER
ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT</U>. In the case of action to be taken by a shareholder or shareholders by written consent, the shareholder
or shareholders proposing to take such action shall give notice of the proposed action, which notice shall be in writing and delivered
to and received by the Secretary at the principal office of the Corporation, a reasonable period (but not less than thirty-five
days) before the proposed effective date of such action. To the extent relevant, such notice shall include the information referred
to in paragraphs (1), (2), (3) and (4) of Article II, Section 1 of these By-Laws and, in the case of any nomination of a Director,
a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement in accordance with the requirements set forth in Article II,
Section 1 of these By-Laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">In the case of action to be
taken by a shareholder or shareholders by written consent, no written consent shall be effective to take the action referred to
therein unless written consents signed by a sufficient number of shareholders to take such action are delivered to and received
by the Corporation in accordance with this Section within sixty days of the record date for taking such action by written consent,
or if no such record date has been set, the date the earliest dated written consent was received by the Corporation in accordance
with this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Every written consent shall
be signed by one or more persons who as of the record date are shareholders of record on such record date, shall bear the date
of signature of each such shareholder, and shall set forth the name and address, as they appear in the Corporation&rsquo;s books,
of each shareholder signing such consent and the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned of record and beneficially
by each such shareholder and shall be delivered to and received by the Secretary of the Corporation at the Corporation&rsquo;s
principal office by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>RECORD DATE FOR SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT</U>. In order that the Corporation may
determine the shareholders entitled to consent to action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a
record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the
Board of Directors, and which date shall not be more than ten days (or if such tenth day is a day on which the New York Stock
Exchange is not open for trading, the next day following such tenth day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for
trading), or in the case of any proposed action by written consent of a shareholder or shareholders with respect to a merger,
consolidation, share exchange, dissolution or sale, lease or exchange of assets, not more than twenty days, after the date
upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors (or such later date if the shareholder
requests and the Board sets such later date as the record date). Any shareholder of record seeking to have the shareholders
authorize or take action by written consent shall, by written notice to the Secretary, request the Board of Directors to fix
a record date. The Board of Directors shall promptly, but no later than ten days (or if such tenth day is a day on which the
New York Stock Exchange is not open for trading, the next day following such tenth day on which the New York Stock Exchange
is open for trading) after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a resolution fixing the record date. Delivery
of such request shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested to the Secretary at the
Corporation&rsquo;s principal office. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors within ten days (or if such
tenth day is a day on which the New York Stock Exchange is not open for trading, the next day following such tenth day on
which the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading) after the date on which such request is received, the record date for
determining shareholders entitled to consent to action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board
of Directors is required by applicable law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the
action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to and received by the Secretary at the principal office of the
Corporation. Delivery shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested to the Secretary at the
Corporation&rsquo;s principal office. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the
Board of Directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to consent to action
in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the
resolution taking such prior action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 15
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>INCLUSION OF SHAREHOLDER DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS IN THE CORPORATION&rsquo;S PROXY
MATERIALS</U>. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in these By-Laws, the Corporation shall include in its proxy
materials for an annual meeting of shareholders the name, together with the Required Information, of any person nominated for
election (the &ldquo;Shareholder Nominee&rdquo;) to the Board of Directors by one shareholder or group of shareholders that
satisfy the requirements of this Section 15, including qualifying as an Eligible Shareholder, and that expressly elects at
the time of providing the written notice required by this Section 15 (a &ldquo;Proxy Access Notice&rdquo;) to have its
nominee included in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 15. For the purposes of this Section
15:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(1)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;Voting Shares&rdquo; shall mean outstanding shares of capital share of the Corporation entitled to vote generally
for the election of Directors;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(2)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;Constituent Holder&rdquo; shall mean any shareholder, collective investment fund included within a Qualifying Fund
(as defined below) or beneficial holder whose share ownership is counted for the purposes of qualifying as holding the Proxy Access
Request Required Shares (as defined below) or qualifying as an Eligible Shareholder (as defined below);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(3)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;affiliate&rdquo; and &ldquo;associate&rdquo; shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in Rule 405 under the Exchange
Act; <U>provided, however,</U> that the term &ldquo;partner&rdquo; as used in the definition of &ldquo;associate&rdquo; shall not
include any limited partner that is not involved in the management of the relevant partnership; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(4)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a shareholder (including any Constituent Holder) shall be deemed to &ldquo;own&rdquo; only those outstanding Voting Shares
as to which the shareholder itself (or any such Constituent Holder itself) possesses both (a) the full voting and investment rights
pertaining to the shares and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp; </FONT>the
full economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit and risk of loss on) such shares. The number of
shares calculated in accordance with the foregoing clauses (a) and (b) shall be deemed not to include (and to the extent any
of the following arrangements have been entered into by affiliates of the shareholder (or of any Constituent Holder), shall
be reduced by) any shares (x) sold by such shareholder or Constituent Holder (or any of either&rsquo;s affiliates) in any
transaction that has not been settled or closed, including any short sale, (y) borrowed by such shareholder or Constituent
Holder (or any of either&rsquo;s affiliates) for any purposes or purchased by such shareholder or Constituent Holder (or any
of either&rsquo;s affiliates) pursuant to an agreement to resell or (z) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract,
swap, contract of sale, other derivative or similar agreement entered into by such shareholder or Constituent Holder (or any
of either&rsquo;s affiliates), whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares or with cash based on
the notional amount or value of Voting Shares, in any such case which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, or
if exercised by either party thereto would have, the purpose or effect of (i) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any
time in the future, such shareholder&rsquo;s or Constituent Holder&rsquo;s (or either&rsquo;s affiliate&rsquo;s) full right
to vote or direct the voting of any such shares, and/or (ii) hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree gain or loss
arising from the full economic ownership of such shares by such shareholder or Constituent Holder (or either&rsquo;s
affiliate), other than any such arrangements solely involving an exchange listed multi- industry market index fund in which
Voting Share represents at the time of entry into such arrangement less than 10 percent of the proportionate value of such
index. A shareholder (including any Constituent Holder) shall &ldquo;own&rdquo; shares held in the name of a nominee or other
intermediary so long as the shareholder itself (or such Constituent Holder itself) retains the right to instruct how the
shares are voted with respect to the election of Directors and the right to direct the disposition thereof and possesses
the full economic interest in the shares. A shareholder&rsquo;s (including any Constituent Holder&rsquo;s) ownership of
shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which such person has loaned such shares or delegated any voting
power over such shares by means of a proxy, power of attorney or other instrument or arrangement which in all such cases is
revocable at any time by the shareholder. The terms &ldquo;owned,&rdquo; &ldquo;owning&rdquo; and other variations of the
word &ldquo;own&rdquo; shall have correlative meanings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of this Section
15, the &ldquo;Required Information&rdquo; that the Corporation will include in its proxy statement is (1) the information concerning
the Shareholder Nominee and the Eligible Shareholder that the Corporation determines is required to be disclosed in the Corporation&rsquo;s
proxy statement by the regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act; and (2) if the Eligible Shareholder so elects, a Statement.
The Corporation shall also include the name of the Shareholder Nominee in its proxy card. For the avoidance of doubt, and any other
provision of these By-Laws notwithstanding, the Corporation may in its sole discretion solicit against, and include in the proxy
statement its own statements or other information relating to, any Eligible Shareholder and/or Shareholder Nominee, including any
information provided to the Corporation with respect to the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">To be timely, a shareholder&rsquo;s
Proxy Access Notice must be delivered to the principal executive offices of the Corporation within the time periods applicable
to shareholder notices of nominations pursuant to Article II, Section 1 of these By-Laws. In no event shall any adjournment or
postponement of an annual meeting, the date of which has been announced by the Corporation, commence a new time period for the
giving of a Proxy Access Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The number of Shareholder
Nominees (including Shareholder Nominees that were submitted by an Eligible Shareholder for inclusion in the
Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 15 but either are subsequently withdrawn or that the Board of
Directors decides to nominate as Board of Directors&rsquo; nominees) appearing in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials
with respect to an annual meeting of shareholders shall not exceed the greater of (x) one and (y) the largest whole number
that does not exceed 20 percent of the number of directors in office as of the last day on which a Proxy Access Notice may be
delivered in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 15 (such greater number, the &ldquo;Permitted
Number&rdquo;); <U>provided, however,</U> that the Permitted Number shall be reduced by:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(1)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the number of such director candidates for which the Corporation shall have received one or more valid shareholder notices
nominating director candidates pursuant to Article II, Section 1 of these By-Laws;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(2)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the number of directors in office or director candidates that in either case will be included in the Corporation&rsquo;s
proxy materials with respect to such annual meeting as an unopposed (by the Corporation) nominee pursuant to any agreement, arrangement
or other understanding with any shareholder or group of shareholders (other than any such agreement, arrangement or understanding
entered into in connection with an acquisition of Voting Shares, by such shareholder or group of shareholders, from the Corporation),
other than any such director referred to in this clause (2) who at the time of such annual meeting will have served as a director
continuously, as a nominee of the Board of Directors, for at least two annual terms, but only to the extent the Permitted Number
after such reduction with respect to this clause (2) equals or exceeds one; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(3)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the number of directors in office that will be included in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials with respect to such
annual meeting for whom access to the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials was previously provided pursuant to this Section 15,
other than any such director referred to in this clause (3) who at the time of such annual meeting will have served as a director
continuously, as a nominee of the Board of Directors, for at least two annual terms;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0in"><U>provided, further,</U> that
in the event the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors effective on or prior to the date of
the annual meeting, the Permitted Number shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced. In the event
that the number of Shareholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Shareholders pursuant to this Section 15 exceeds the Permitted Number,
each Eligible Shareholder will select one Shareholder Nominee for inclusion in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials until the
Permitted Number is reached, going in order of the amount (largest to smallest) of Voting Shares each Eligible Shareholder disclosed
as owned in its Proxy Access Notice submitted to the Corporation. If the Permitted Number is not reached after each Eligible Shareholder
has selected one Shareholder Nominee, this selection process will continue as many times as necessary, following the same order
each time, until the Permitted Number is reached.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">An &ldquo;Eligible
Shareholder&rdquo; is one or more shareholders of record who own and have owned, or are acting on behalf of one or more beneficial
owners who own and have owned (in each case as defined above), in each case continuously for at least three years as of both the
date that the Proxy Access Notice is received by the Corporation pursuant to this Section 15, and as of the record date for determining
shareholders eligible to vote at the annual meeting, at least 3 percent of the aggregate voting power of the Voting Share (the
 &ldquo;Proxy Access Request Required Shares&rdquo;), and who continue to own the Proxy Access Request Required Shares at all times
between the date such Proxy Access Notice is received by the Corporation and the date of the applicable annual meeting, provided
that the aggregate number of shareholders, and, if and to the extent that a shareholder is acting on behalf of one or more beneficial
owners, of such beneficial owners, whose share ownership is counted for the purpose of satisfying the foregoing ownership requirement
shall not exceed twenty. Two or more collective investment funds that are part of the same family of funds or sponsored by the
same employer (a &ldquo;Qualifying Fund&rdquo;) shall be treated as one shareholder for the purpose of determining the aggregate
number of shareholders in this paragraph, provided that each fund included within a Qualifying Fund otherwise meets the requirements
set forth in this Section 15. No shares may be attributed to more than one group constituting an Eligible Shareholder under this
Section 15 (it being understood that no shareholder may be a member of more than one group constituting an Eligible Shareholder).
A record holder acting on behalf of one or more beneficial owners will not be counted separately as a shareholder with respect
to the shares owned by beneficial owners on whose behalf such record holder has been directed in writing to act, but each such
beneficial owner will be counted separately, subject to the other provisions of this paragraph, for purposes of determining the
number of shareholders whose holdings may be considered as part of an Eligible Shareholder&rsquo;s holdings. Proxy Access Request
Required Shares will qualify as such if and only if the beneficial owner of such shares as of the date of the Proxy Access Notice
has itself individually beneficially owned such shares continuously for the three-year period ending on that date and through
the other applicable dates referred to above (in addition to the other applicable requirements being met).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">No later than
the final date when a nomination pursuant to this Section 15 may be delivered to the Corporation, an Eligible Shareholder
(including each Constituent Holder) must provide the following information in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation:
(1) all information that would be required to be included in a shareholder notice nominating director candidates pursuant to
Article II, Section 1 of these By-Laws if the Eligible Shareholder (including each Constituent Holder) were a
 &ldquo;Proposing Party&rdquo; that had nominated the Eligible Shareholder&rsquo;s Shareholder Nominee pursuant to such
Section; (2) one or more written statements from the record holder of the shares (and from each intermediary through which
the shares are or have been held during the requisite three-year holding period) verifying that, as of a date within seven
calendar days prior to the date the Proxy Access Notice is delivered to the Corporation, such person owns, and has owned
continuously for the preceding three years, the Proxy Access Request Required Shares, and such person&rsquo;s agreement to
provide, within ten days after the record date for the annual meeting, written statements from the record holder and
intermediaries verifying such person&rsquo;s continuous ownership of the Proxy Access Request Required Shares through the
record date, together with any additional information reasonably requested to verify such person&rsquo;s ownership of the
Proxy Access Request Required Shares, and to provide immediate notice if the Eligible Shareholder ceases to own any of the
Proxy Access Request Required Shares prior to the date of the applicable annual meeting of shareholders; (3) a
representation that such person: (a) acquired the Proxy Access Request Required Shares in the ordinary course of business and
not with the intent to change or influence control of the Corporation, and does not presently have such intent, (b) has not
nominated and will not nominate for election to the Board of Directors at the annual meeting any person other than the
Shareholder Nominee(s) being nominated pursuant to this Section 15, (c) has not engaged and will not engage in, and has not
and will not be a &ldquo;participant&rdquo; in another person&rsquo;s, &ldquo;solicitation&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule
14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act in support of the election of any individual as a director at the annual meeting other than
its Shareholder Nominee(s) or a nominee of the Board of Directors, (d) will not distribute to any shareholder any form of
proxy for the annual meeting other than the form distributed by the Corporation, and (e) will provide facts, statements and
other information in all communications with the Corporation and its shareholders that are and will be true and correct in
all material respects and do not and will not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made,
in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and will otherwise comply with all applicable laws,
rules and regulations in connection with any actions taken pursuant to this Section 15; (4) in the case of a nomination by a
group of shareholders that together is such an Eligible Shareholder, the designation by all group members of one group member
that is authorized to act on behalf of all members of the nominating shareholder group with respect to the nomination and
matters related thereto, including withdrawal of the nomination; and (5) an undertaking that such person agrees to assume all
liability stemming from, and indemnify and hold harmless the Corporation and each of its directors, officers, employees,
agents and advisors individually against any liability, loss or damages in connection with any threatened or pending action,
suit or proceeding, whether legal, administrative or investigative, against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers
or employees arising out of any legal or regulatory violation arising out of the Eligible Shareholder&rsquo;s
communications with the shareholders of the Corporation or out of the information that the Eligible Shareholder (including
such person) provided to the Corporation, and that such person will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission any
solicitation by the Eligible Shareholder of shareholders of the Corporation relating to the annual meeting at which the
Shareholder Nominee will be nominated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, no later than
the final date on which a Proxy Access Notice may be submitted under this Section 15, a Qualifying Fund whose share ownership is
counted for purposes of qualifying as an Eligible Shareholder must provide to the Secretary of the Corporation documentation reasonably
satisfactory to the Board of Directors that demonstrates that the funds included within the Qualifying Fund are either part of
the same family of funds or sponsored by the same employer. In order to be considered timely, any information required by this
Section 15 to be provided to the Corporation must be supplemented (by delivery to the Secretary of the Corporation) (1) no later
than ten days following the record date for the applicable annual meeting, to disclose the foregoing information as of such record
date, and (2) no later than the fifth day before the annual meeting, to disclose the foregoing information as of the date that
is no earlier than ten days prior to such annual meeting. For the avoidance of doubt, the requirement to update and supplement
such information shall not permit any Eligible Shareholder or other person to change or add any proposed Shareholder Nominee or
be deemed to cure any defects or limit the remedies (including without limitation under these By-Laws) available to the Corporation
relating to any defect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Eligible
Shareholder may provide to the Secretary of the Corporation, at the time the information required by this Section 15 is
originally provided, a written statement for inclusion in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy statement for the annual meeting, not
to exceed five hundred words, in support of the candidacy of such Eligible Shareholder&rsquo;s Shareholder Nominee (the
 &ldquo;Statement&rdquo;). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 15, the Corporation may omit
from its proxy materials any information or Statement that it, in good faith, believes is materially false or misleading,
omits to state any material fact, or would violate any applicable law or regulation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">No later than the final date
when a nomination pursuant to this Section 15 may be delivered to the Corporation, each Shareholder Nominee must: (1) provide an
executed agreement, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors or its designee (which form shall be provided by the
Corporation reasonably promptly upon written request of a shareholder), that such Shareholder Nominee (a) consents to being named
in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy statement and form of proxy card (and will not agree to be named in any other person&rsquo;s proxy
statement or form of proxy card) as a nominee and to serving as a director of the Corporation if elected, (b) agrees, if elected,
to adhere to the Corporation&rsquo;s Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Conduct and any other publicly available Corporation
policies and guidelines applicable to directors and (c) is not and will not become a party to any compensatory, payment or other
financial agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity in connection with his or her nomination, service or
action as a director of the Corporation, or any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity as to how the
Shareholder Nominee would vote or act on any issue or question as a director, in each case that has not been disclosed to the Corporation;
(2) complete, sign and submit all questionnaires, representations and agreements required by these By-Laws or of the Corporation&rsquo;s
directors generally; and (3) provide such additional information as necessary to permit the Board of Directors to determine if
such Shareholder Nominee (a) is independent under the listing standards of each principal U.S. exchange upon which the common shares
of the Corporation are listed, any applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and any publicly disclosed standards
used by the Board of Directors in determining and disclosing the independence of the Corporation&rsquo;s directors, (b) has any
direct or indirect relationship with the Corporation other than those relationships that have been deemed categorically immaterial
pursuant to the Corporation&rsquo;s Corporate Governance Guidelines, (c) would not, by serving on the Board of Directors, violate
or cause the Corporation to be in violation of these By-Laws, the Corporation&rsquo;s Articles of Incorporation, the rules and
listing standards of the principal U.S. exchange upon which the common share of the Corporation is listed or any applicable law,
rule or regulation and (d) is or has been subject to any event specified in Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K (or successor rule) of
the Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that any information
or communications provided by the Eligible Shareholder (or any Constituent Holder) or the Shareholder Nominee to the Corporation
or its shareholders ceases to be true and correct in all material respects or omits a material fact necessary to make the statements
made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, each Eligible Shareholder or Shareholder Nominee,
as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Secretary of the Corporation of any defect in such previously provided information
and of the information that is required to correct any such defect; it being understood that providing any such notification shall
not be deemed to cure any such defect or limit the remedies (including without limitation under these By-Laws) available to the
Corporation relating to any such defect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Any Shareholder
Nominee who is included in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy materials for a particular annual meeting of shareholders but either
(1) withdraws from or becomes ineligible or unavailable for election at that annual meeting (other than by reason of such
Shareholder Nominee&rsquo;s disability or other health reason), or (2) does not receive votes cast in favor of the
Shareholder Nominee&rsquo;s election of at least 25 percent of the shares entitled to vote on the matter, represented in
person or by proxy at the annual meeting, will be ineligible to be a Shareholder Nominee pursuant to this Section 15 for the
next two annual meetings, and in the case of clause (2), the Eligible Shareholder (including each Constituent Holder) that
nominated such Shareholder Nominee will not be eligible to nominate or participate in the nomination of any Shareholder
Nominee pursuant to this Section 15 for the following annual meeting of shareholders. Any Shareholder Nominee who is included
in the Corporation&rsquo;s proxy statement for a particular annual meeting of shareholders, but subsequently is determined
not to satisfy the eligibility requirements of this Section 15 or any other provision of these By-Laws, the
Corporation&rsquo;s Articles of Incorporation or other applicable regulation any time before the annual meeting of
shareholders, will not be eligible for election at the relevant annual meeting of shareholders. Any Eligible
Shareholder (including each Constituent Holder) whose Shareholder Nominee is elected as a Director at the annual meeting of
shareholders will not be eligible to nominate or participate in the nomination of a Shareholder Nominee pursuant to this
Section 15 for the following two annual meetings of shareholders, other than the nomination of such previously elected
Shareholder Nominee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Corporation
shall not be required to include, pursuant to this Section 15, a Shareholder Nominee in its proxy materials for any annual
meeting of shareholders, or, if the proxy statement already has been filed, to allow the nomination of a Shareholder Nominee,
notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation: (1) who is not independent
under the listing standards of the principal U.S. exchange upon which the common shares of the Corporation are listed, any
applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and any publicly disclosed standards used by the Board of
Directors in determining and disclosing independence of the Corporation&rsquo;s directors, in each case as determined by the
Board of Directors; (2) whose service as a member of the Board of Directors would violate or cause the Corporation to be in
violation of these By-Laws, the Corporation&rsquo;s Articles of Incorporation, the rules and listing standards of the
principal U.S. exchange upon which the common share of the Corporation is traded, or any applicable law, rule or regulation;
(3)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp; </FONT>if the Eligible Shareholder (or
any Constituent Holder) or applicable Shareholder Nominee otherwise breaches or fails to comply in any material respect with
its obligations pursuant to this Section 15 or any agreement, representation or undertaking required by this Section; (4) who
is or has been, within the past three years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined in Section 8 of the Clayton
Antitrust Act of 1914; (5) who is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other
minor offenses) or has been convicted in such a criminal proceeding within the past ten years; (6) who is subject to any
order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; or (7)
if the Eligible Shareholder ceases to be an Eligible Shareholder for any reason, including but not limited to not owning the
Proxy Access Request Required Shares through the date of the applicable annual meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">For the
purposes of the preceding paragraph, clauses (1) and (2) and, to the extent related to a breach or failure by the Shareholder
Nominee, clause (3) will result in the exclusion from the proxy materials pursuant to this Section 15 of the specific
Shareholder Nominee to whom the ineligibility applies, or, if the proxy statement already has been filed, the ineligibility
of such Shareholder Nominee to be nominated; <U>provided, however, </U>that clause (4) and, to the extent related to a breach
or failure by an Eligible Shareholder (or any Constituent Holder), clause (3) will result in the Voting Share owned by such
Eligible Shareholder (or Constituent Holder) being excluded from the Proxy Access Request Required Shares (and, if as a
result the Proxy Access Notice shall no longer have been filed by an Eligible Shareholder, the exclusion from the proxy
materials pursuant to this Section 15 of all of the applicable shareholder&rsquo;s Shareholder Nominees from the applicable
annual meeting of shareholders or, if the proxy statement has already been filed, the ineligibility of all of such
shareholder&rsquo;s Shareholder Nominees to be nominated).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE III</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">DIRECTORS</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>GENERAL POWERS</U>.
The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NUMBER,
TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS</U>. The number of Directors of the Corporation shall be fourteen. The terms of all Directors shall
expire at the next annual meeting of shareholders following their election. Despite the expiration of a Director&rsquo;s term,
he or she shall continue to serve until the next meeting of shareholders at which Directors are elected. Directors need not be
residents of Illinois or shareholders of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>REGULAR
MEETINGS</U>. A regular annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held without other notice than this By-Law, immediately
after, and at the same place as, the annual meeting of shareholders. Other regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be
held at the principal office of the Corporation on the second Friday of every month at 9:00 a.m. without other notice than this
By-Law. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, for the holding of the regular monthly meetings at a different time
and place, either within or without the State of Illinois, or for the omission of the regular monthly meeting altogether. Where
the Board of Directors has, by resolution, changed or omitted regular meetings, no other notice than such resolution shall be
given.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SPECIAL
MEETINGS</U>. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the request of the Chairman of the Board, the
Chairman of the Executive Committee, the Chief Executive Officer, any President, or of any four Directors. The persons authorized
to call special meetings of the Board of Directors may fix any place, either within or without the State of Illinois, as the place
for holding any special meeting of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NOTICE</U>.
Notice of any special meeting shall be given: (i) at least one day prior thereto if the notice is given personally or by an electronic
transmission, (ii) at least two business days prior thereto if the notice is given by having it delivered by a third party entity
that provides delivery services in the ordinary course of business and guarantees delivery of the notice to the Director no later
than the following business day, and (iii) at least seven days prior thereto if the notice is given by mail. For this purpose,
the term &ldquo;electronic transmission&rdquo; may include, but shall not be limited to, a telex, facsimile, or other electronic
means. Notice shall be delivered to the Director&rsquo;s business address and/or telephone number and shall be deemed given upon
electronic transmission, upon delivery to the third party delivery service, or upon being deposited in the United States mail
with postage thereon prepaid. Any Director may waive notice of any meeting by signing a written waiver of notice either before
or after the meeting. Attendance of a Director at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where
a Director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not
lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the
Board of Directors need to be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>QUORUM</U>.
A majority of the number of Directors fixed by these By- Laws shall constitute a quorum for transaction of business at any meeting
of the Board of Directors; provided, that if less than a majority of such number of Directors are present at said meeting, a majority
of the Directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>MANNER
OF VOTING</U>. The act of the majority of the Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of
the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>INFORMAL
ACTION BY DIRECTORS</U>. Any action required to be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors, or any other action which may
be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing,
setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the Directors entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter
thereof, or by all the members of such committee, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The consent shall be evidenced
by one or more written approvals, each of which sets forth the action taken and bears the signature of one or more Directors. All
the approvals evidencing the consent shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation to be filed in the corporate records.
The action taken shall be effective when all the Directors have approved the consent unless the consent specifies a different effective
date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Any such consent signed by
all the Directors or all the members of a committee shall have the same effect as a unanimous vote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VACANCIES</U>.
Any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors and any directorship to be filled by reason of an increase in the number of Directors
may be filled by election at an annual meeting or at a special meeting of shareholders called for that purpose. A Director elected
to fill a vacancy shall serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders. A majority of Directors then in office may also fill
one or more vacancies arising between meetings of shareholders by reason of an increase in the number of Directors or otherwise,
and any Director so selected shall serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders, provided that at no time may the number
of Directors selected to fill vacancies in this manner during any interim period between meetings of shareholders exceed 33-1/3
percent of the total membership of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>PRESUMPTION
OF ASSENT</U>. A Director of the Corporation who is present at a meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof at
which action on any corporate matter is taken is conclusively presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his or her dissent
is entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he or she files his or her written dissent to such action with the person acting
as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or forwards such dissent by registered or certified mail to the
Secretary of the Corporation immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a Director
who voted in favor of such action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>APPOINTMENT
OF AUDITORS</U>. The Audit Committee shall appoint annually a firm of independent public accountants as auditors of the Corporation.
Should the Audit Committee for any reason determine that such appointment be terminated, the Audit Committee shall appoint another
firm of independent public accountants to act as auditors of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE IV</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">COMMITTEES</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>APPOINTMENT</U>.
A majority of the Board of Directors may create one or more committees and appoint members of the Board to serve on the committee
or committees. Each committee shall have one or more members, who serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Board shall designate
one member of each committee to be chairman of the committee. The Board shall designate a secretary of each committee who may
be, but need not be, a member of the committee or the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>COMMITTEE
MEETINGS</U>. A majority of any committee shall constitute a quorum and the act of the majority of the members of a committee
present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee. A committee may act by unanimous consent
in writing without a meeting. Committee meetings may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the chairman of the committee, or
any two of the committee&rsquo;s members. The time and place of committee meetings shall be designated in the notice of such meeting.
Notice of each committee meeting shall be given to each committee member. Each Committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>EXECUTIVE
COMMITTEE</U>. The Board shall appoint an Executive Committee. A majority of the members of the Committee shall be selected from
those Directors who satisfy the independence requirements of the Corporation&rsquo;s Corporate Governance Guidelines. The Executive
Committee may, when the Board of Directors is not in session, exercise the authority of the Board in the management of the business
and affairs of the Corporation; provided, however, the Committee may not:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(1)</TD><TD>authorize distributions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 11.8pt">approve or recommend to shareholders any act the Business Corporation Act of 1983 requires to
be approved by shareholders;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(3)</TD><TD>fill vacancies on the Board or on any of its committees;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 55.05pt">elect or remove Officers or fix the compensation of any member of the Committee;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(5)</TD><TD>adopt, amend or repeal the By-Laws;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(6)</TD><TD>approve a plan of merger not requiring shareholder approval;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(7)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 38.15pt">authorize or approve reacquisition of shares, except according to a general formula or method
prescribed by the Board;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(8)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 13.05pt">authorize or approve the issuance or sale, or contract for sale, of shares, except that the
Board may direct the Committee (i) to fix the specific terms of the issuance or sale or contract for sale, including without limitation
the pricing terms or the designation and relative rights, preferences, and limitations of a series of shares if the Board has approved
the maximum number of shares to be issued pursuant to such delegated authority, or (ii) to fix the price and the number of shares
to be allocated to particular employees under an employee benefit plan; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(9)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-right: 14.85pt">amend, alter, repeal, or take action inconsistent with any resolution or action of the Board
of Directors when the resolution or action of the Board of Directors provides by its terms that it shall not be amended, altered
or repealed by action of the Committee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>AUDIT COMMITTEE</U>.
The Board of Directors shall appoint an Audit Committee. The composition of the members and the duties of such committee shall
be as set forth in the Audit Committee Charter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>COMPENSATION
COMMITTEE</U>. The Board of Directors shall appoint a Compensation Committee. The composition of the members and the duties of
such committee shall be as set forth in the Compensation Committee Charter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NOMINATIONS AND GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE</U>. The Board of Directors shall appoint a
Nominations and Governance Committee. The composition of the members and the duties of such committee shall be as set forth
in the Nominations and Governance Committee Charter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>PUBLIC
POLICY COMMITTEE</U>. The Board of Directors shall appoint a Public Policy Committee. The composition of the members and the duties
of such committee shall be as set forth in the Public Policy Committee Charter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE V</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">OFFICERS</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NUMBER</U>.
The Officers of the Corporation shall be the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, one or more Presidents, one or
more Executive, Group or Senior Vice Presidents, one or more Vice Presidents, a Treasurer, a Secretary, a Controller, a General
Counsel and such Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries as the Board of Directors may elect or the Chairman of the Board
may appoint. Any two offices may be held by the same person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ELECTION
AND TERM OF OFFICE</U>. The Board of Directors may elect any Officer. The Chairman of the Board may appoint any Vice President,
a Controller, a Treasurer, a Secretary and any Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Officers of the Corporation
shall be elected or appointed annually. Each year, the Board of Directors shall elect Officers at the first meeting of the Board
of Directors held after the annual meeting of shareholders. If the Board of Directors does not elect Officers at such meeting,
such election shall be held as soon thereafter as conveniently may be. Each year, immediately following the election of Officers
by the Board of Directors or as soon thereafter as conveniently may be, the Chairman of the Board shall appoint such additional
Officers within the scope of the Chairman&rsquo;s authority as the Chairman deems necessary or appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Vacancies or new offices may
be filled at any time as set forth in Section 4 of this Article V.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Each Officer shall hold office
until his or her successor shall have been duly elected or appointed and shall have qualified or until his or her death or until
he or she shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>REMOVAL
OF OFFICERS</U>. Any Officer may be removed by the Board of Directors whenever in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation
will be served thereby. Any Officer appointed by the Chairman of the Board may be removed by the Chairman whenever, in the Chairman&rsquo;s
judgment, the best interests of the Corporation will be served thereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VACANCIES</U>.
A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or otherwise, may be filled by the Board of Directors
for the unexpired portion of the term. A vacancy in any office appointed by the Chairman of the Board may be filled by the Chairman
of the Board for the unexpired portion of the term.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CHAIRMAN
OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER</U>. The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors
and the shareholders. The Chief Executive Officer shall be responsible for the overall management of the Corporation subject to
the direction of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>PRESIDENT</U>.
Each President shall be the Chief Operating Officer of a major area of the Corporation&rsquo;s activities and shall perform such
duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>EXECUTIVE,
GROUP AND SENIOR VICE PRESIDENTS</U>. Each Executive, Group, or Senior Vice President shall be responsible for supervising and
coordinating a major area of the Corporation&rsquo;s activities subject to the direction of the Chief Executive Officer or a President.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>&nbsp;VICE
PRESIDENTS</U>. Each of the Vice Presidents shall be responsible for those activities designated by an Executive, Group, or Senior
Vice President, a President, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>&nbsp;TREASURER</U>.
The Treasurer shall administer the investment, financing, insurance and credit activities of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SECRETARY</U>.
The Secretary will be the custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Corporation, will countersign certificates
for shares of the Corporation, and in general will perform all duties incident to the office of the Secretary. The Secretary shall
have the authority to certify the By-Laws, resolutions of the shareholders and the Board of Directors and committees thereof, and
other documents of the Corporation as true and correct copies hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CONTROLLER</U>.
The Controller will conduct the accounting activities of the Corporation, including the maintenance of the Corporation&rsquo;s
general and supporting ledgers and books of account, operating budgets, and the preparation and consolidation of financial statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>GENERAL COUNSEL</U>.
The General Counsel will be the chief consultant of the Corporation on legal matters. He or she will supervise all matters of legal
import concerning the interests of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ASSISTANT
TREASURER</U>. The Assistant Treasurer shall, in the absence or incapacity of the Treasurer, perform the duties and exercise the
powers of the Treasurer, and shall perform such other duties as shall from time to time be given to him or her by the Treasurer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ASSISTANT
SECRETARY</U>. The Assistant Secretary shall, in the absence or incapacity of the Secretary, perform the duties and exercise the
powers of the Secretary, and shall perform such other duties as shall from time to time be given to him or her by the Secretary.
The Assistant Secretary shall be, with the Secretary, keeper of the books, records, and the seal of the Corporation, and shall
have the authority to certify the By-Laws, resolutions and other documents of the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>GENERAL POWERS OF OFFICERS</U>. The Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, any President, and any
Executive, Group or Senior Vice President, may sign without countersignature any deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, reports
to public agencies, or other instruments whether or not the Board of Directors has expressly authorized execution of such
instruments, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors
or by these By-Laws solely to some other Officer or agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise
signed or executed. Any other Officer of this Corporation may sign contracts, reports to public agencies, or other
instruments which are in the regular course of business and within the scope of his or her authority, except where signing
and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these By-Laws to some other Officer or
agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE VI</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES,
UNCERTIFICATED SHARES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>AND THEIR TRANSFER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION
1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND UNCERTIFICATED SHARES. </U>The issued shares of the Corporation shall be represented by
certificates or shall be uncertificated shares. Certificates representing shares of the Corporation shall be in such form as
may be determined by the Board of Directors. Such certificates shall be signed by any one of the Chairman of the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer, a President or an Executive Vice President, and shall be countersigned by the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary and shall be sealed with the seal, or a facsimile of the seal, of the Corporation. If a certificate is
countersigned by a Transfer Agent or Registrar, other than the Corporation itself or its employee, any other signatures or
countersignature on the certificate may be facsimiles. In case any Officer of the Corporation, or any officer or employee of
the Transfer Agent or Registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon such certificate ceases to
be an Officer of the Corporation, or an officer or employee of the Transfer Agent or Registrar before such certificate is
issued, the certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if the Officer of the Corporation, or the
officer or employee of the Transfer Agent or Registrar had not ceased to be such at the date of its issue. Each certificate
representing shares shall state: that the Corporation is organized under the laws of the State of Illinois; the name of the
person to whom issued; the number and class of shares; and the designation of the series, if any, which such certificate
represents. Each certificate shall be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified. The Board of Directors may provide by
resolution that some or all of any or all classes or series of the Corporation&rsquo;s shares shall be uncertificated shares,
provided that such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to
the Corporation. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares, the Corporation shall send
to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on
certificates pursuant to this section. Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the
holders of uncertificated shares and rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing shares of the
same class and series shall be identical. The name of the person to whom the shares are issued, with the number of shares and
date of issue, shall be entered on the books of the Corporation. All certificates surrendered to the Corporation for transfer
shall be canceled, and no new certificate or uncertificated shares shall be issued in replacement therefor until the former
certificate for a like number of shares shall have been surrendered and canceled, except in the case of lost, destroyed or
mutilated certificates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>TRANSFER
AGENT AND REGISTRAR</U>. The Board of Directors may from time to time appoint such Transfer Agents and Registrars in such locations
as it shall determine, and may, in its discretion, appoint a single entity to act in the capacity of both Transfer Agent and Registrar
in any one location.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>TRANSFER
OF SHARES</U>. Transfers of shares of the Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation at the request of the
holder of record thereof or of his attorney, lawfully constituted in writing, and on surrender for cancellation of the certificate
for such shares, unless such shares are uncertificated. The person in whose name shares stand on the books of the Corporation
shall be deemed the owner thereof for all purposes as regards the Corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">SECTION 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>LOST,
DESTROYED OR MUTILATED CERTIFICATES</U>. In case of lost, destroyed or mutilated certificates, duplicate certificates shall be
issued to the person claiming the loss, destruction or mutilation, provided:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>that the claimant furnishes an affidavit stating the facts of such loss, destruction or mutilation so far as known to him
or her and further stating that the affidavit is made to induce the Corporation to issue a duplicate certificate or certificates;
and that issuance of the duplicate certificate or certificates is approved:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">(i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in a case involving a certificate or certificates for
more than 1,000 shares, by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, a President, an Executive Vice President, or
the Secretary; or</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">(ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in a case involving a certificate or certificates for
1,000 shares or less, by the Transfer Agent appointed by the Board of Directors for the transfer of the shares represented by
such certificate or certificates;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">in each case upon receipt of a
bond, with one or more sureties, in the amount to be determined by the party giving such approval; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>that issuance of the said duplicate certificate or certificates is approved by the Board of Directors upon such terms and
conditions as it shall determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE
VII</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">FISCAL YEAR</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The fiscal year of the Corporation
shall begin on the first day of January in each year and end on the last day of December in each year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE
VIII</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>VOTING SHARES OR INTERESTS
IN OTHER CORPORATIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Chairman of the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer, a President, an Executive, Group, or Senior Vice President and each of them, shall have the authority
to act for the Corporation by voting any shares or exercising any other interest owned by the Corporation in any other corporation
or other business association, including wholly or partially owned subsidiaries of the Corporation, such authority to include,
but not be limited to, power to attend any meeting of any such corporation or other business association, to vote shares in the
election of directors and upon any other matter coming before any such meeting, to waive notice of any such meeting and to consent
to the holding thereof without notice, and to appoint a proxy or proxies to represent the Corporation at any such meeting with
all the powers that the said Officer would have under this section if personally present.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE IX</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">DISTRIBUTIONS
TO SHAREHOLDERS</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board of Directors may authorize,
and the Corporation may make, distributions to its shareholders, subject to any restriction in the Articles of Incorporation and
subject also to the limitations prescribed by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE X</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">SEAL</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">The Corporate Seal of the Corporation
shall be in the form of a circle in the center of which is the insignia &ldquo;<IMG SRC="tm2126543d1_ex3-1img01.jpg" ALT="">&rdquo;
and shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation and the words &ldquo;an Illinois Corporation.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE
XI</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">WAIVER OF NOTICE</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Whenever any notice whatever
is required to be given under the provisions of these By- Laws or under the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation or under
the provisions of The Business Corporation Act of 1983, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to
such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Attendance
at any meeting shall constitute waiver of notice thereof unless the person at the meeting objects to the holding of the meeting
because proper notice was not given.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>ARTICLE XII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>AMENDMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">These By-Laws may be made,
altered, amended or repealed by the shareholders or the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">ARTICLE XIII</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">INDEMNIFICATION</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">This Article XIII shall be
deemed to grant to each person who, at any time that Article VI of the Articles of Incorporation is in effect, serves or agrees
to serve in any capacity which entitles such person to indemnification under Article VI of the Articles of Incorporation, rights
against the Corporation to enforce the provisions of Article VI of the Articles of Incorporation. Such rights are contract rights
between the Corporation and each such person to whom they are extended that vest at the commencement of such person&rsquo;s service
to or at the request of the Corporation. Any repeal, amendment or modification of Article VI of the Articles of Incorporation,
or any repeal or modification of the Illinois Business Corporation Act or any other applicable law, that in any way diminishes
or adversely affects any such rights shall be prospective only and shall not in any way diminish or adversely affect any such rights
with respect to any actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission occurring prior to the time of such amendment
or modification, or any action, suit or proceeding previously or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon
any such actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission, and all of such rights shall continue as to any such
person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or ceased to serve at the Corporation&rsquo;s
request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise,
as described herein, and shall inure to the benefit of such person&rsquo;s heirs, executors and administrators.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.DEF
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>abt-20210830_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>abt-20210830_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
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    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="From2021-08-302021-08-30_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_exch_XNYS">Common Shares, Without Par Value</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="From2021-08-302021-08-30_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_exch_XNYS">ABT</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="From2021-08-302021-08-30_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_exch_XNYS">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="From2021-08-302021-08-30_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_exch_XCHI">CHX</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="From2021-08-30to2021-08-30">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140005925357400">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 30, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug. 30,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-2189<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">ABBOTT LABORATORIES<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000001800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">36-0698440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">IL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">100 Abbott Park Road<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Abbott Park<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">IL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">60064-6400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">224<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">667-6100<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonStockMember', window );">Common Stock [Member] | CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE, INC [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Shares, Without Par Value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ABT<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">CHX<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonStockMember', window );">Common Stock [Member] | NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE, INC. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Shares, Without Par Value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ABT<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityListingsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
