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Financial Instruments, Derivatives and Fair Value Measures
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments, Derivatives and Fair Value Measures
Note 10 — Financial Instruments, Derivatives and Fair Value Measures

Certain Abbott foreign subsidiaries enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to manage exposures to changes in foreign exchange rates, primarily for anticipated intercompany purchases by those subsidiaries whose functional currencies are not the U.S. dollar. These contracts, with gross notional amounts totaling $7.2 billion at June 30, 2025, and $7.0 billion at December 31, 2024, are designated as cash flow hedges of the variability of the cash flows due to changes in foreign exchange rates and are recorded at fair value. Accumulated gains and losses as of June 30, 2025, will be included in Cost of products sold at the time the products are sold, generally through the next twelve to eighteen months.

Abbott enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to manage currency exposures for foreign currency denominated third-party trade payables and receivables, and for intercompany loans and trade accounts payable where the receivable or payable is denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity. For intercompany loans, the contracts require Abbott to sell or buy foreign currencies, primarily European currencies, in exchange for primarily U.S. dollars and other European currencies. For intercompany and trade payables and receivables, the currency exposures are primarily the U.S. dollar and European currencies. At June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, Abbott held the gross notional amounts of $12.8 billion and $16.2 billion, respectively, of such foreign currency forward exchange contracts.

Abbott has designated a yen-denominated, 5-year term loan of $635 million and $583 million as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively, as a hedge of the net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries. The change in the value of the debt, which is due to changes in foreign exchange rates, is recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax.

Abbott is a party to interest rate hedge contracts with a notional amount totaling $1.2 billion at June 30, 2025, and $2.2 billion at December 31, 2024, to manage its exposure to changes in the fair value of fixed-rate debt. The decrease from December 31, 2024, was due to the maturity of $1.0 billion of interest rate hedge contracts in conjunction with long-term debt, both of which matured in March 2025. These contracts are designated as fair value hedges of the variability of the fair value of fixed-rate debt due to changes in the long-term benchmark interest rates. The effect of the hedge is to change a fixed-rate interest obligation to a variable rate for that portion of the debt. Abbott records the contracts at fair value and adjusts the carrying amount of the fixed-rate debt by an offsetting amount.
The following table summarizes the amounts and location of certain derivative and non-derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024:

Fair Value - AssetsFair Value - Liabilities
(in millions)June 30, 2025December 31, 2024Balance Sheet CaptionJune 30, 2025December 31, 2024Balance Sheet Caption
Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges:
Non-current$— $— Deferred income taxes and other assets$33 $51 Post-employment obligations, deferred income taxes and other long-term liabilities
Current— Prepaid expenses and other receivables— — Other accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts:
Hedging instruments22 243 Prepaid expenses and other receivables297 19 Other accrued liabilities
Others not designated as hedges89 147 Prepaid expenses and other receivables99 112 Other accrued liabilities
Debt designated as a hedge of net investment in a foreign subsidiary— — n/a635 583 Long-term debt
$111 $391 $1,064 $765 
The following table summarizes the activity for foreign currency forward exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges and certain other derivative financial instruments, as well as the amounts and location of income (expense) and gain (loss) reclassified into income.

Gain (loss) Recognized in Other
Comprehensive Income (loss)
Income (expense) and Gain (loss)
Reclassified into Income
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)20252024202520242025202420252024Income Statement Caption
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges$(209)$111 $(303)$238 $48 $25 $87 $43 Cost of products sold
Debt designated as a hedge of net investment in a foreign subsidiary(23)23 (52)47 — — — — n/a
Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedgesn/an/an/an/a14 28 17 Interest expense

Gains of $1 million and $43 million were recognized in the three months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively, related to foreign currency forward exchange contracts not designated as a hedge. Gains of $35 million and $135 million were recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively, related to foreign currency forward exchange contracts not designated as a hedge. These amounts are reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Earnings on the Net foreign exchange (gain) loss line.

The carrying values and fair values of certain financial instruments as of June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, are shown in the following table. The carrying values of all other financial instruments approximate their estimated fair values. The counterparties to financial instruments consist of select major international financial institutions. Abbott does not expect any losses from non-performance by these counterparties.

June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
(in millions)Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Long-term Investment Securities:
Equity securities$619 $619 $553 $553 
Other339 339 333 333 
Total Long-term Debt(13,437)(13,221)(14,125)(13,710)
Foreign Currency Forward Exchange Contracts:   
Receivable position111 111 390 390 
(Payable) position(396)(396)(131)(131)
Interest Rate Hedge Contracts:    
Receivable position— — 
(Payable) position(33)(33)(51)(51)

The fair value of the debt was determined based on significant other observable inputs, including current interest rates.
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis in the balance sheet:

Basis of Fair Value Measurement
(in millions)Outstanding
Balances
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
June 30, 2025:
Equity securities$344 $344 $— $— 
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts111 — 111 — 
Total Assets$455 $344 $111 $— 
Fair value of hedged long-term debt$1,119 $— $1,119 $— 
Interest rate swap derivative financial instruments33 — 33 — 
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts396 — 396 — 
Contingent consideration related to business combinations— — 
Total Liabilities$1,549 $— $1,548 $
December 31, 2024:
Equity securities$323 $323 $— $— 
Interest rate swap derivative financial instruments — — 
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts390 — 390 — 
Total Assets$714 $323 $391 $— 
Fair value of hedged long-term debt$2,096 $— $2,096 $— 
Interest rate swap derivative financial instruments51 — 51 — 
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts131 — 131 — 
Contingent consideration related to business combinations38 — — 38 
Total Liabilities$2,316 $— $2,278 $38 

The fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts is determined using a market approach, which utilizes values for comparable derivative instruments. The fair value of debt was determined based on the face value of the debt adjusted for the fair value of the interest rate swaps, which is based on a discounted cash flow analysis using significant other observable inputs. The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined based on independent appraisals at the time of acquisition, adjusted for the time value of money and other changes in fair value. The decrease in the amount of contingent consideration from December 31, 2024, reflects a contingent consideration payment related to a previous business combination.