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Consolidated Statement of Results of Operations - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Sales and revenues:    
Total sales and revenues $ 14,249 $ 15,799
Operating costs:    
Cost of goods sold 8,965 9,662
Selling, general and administrative expenses 1,593 1,577
Research and development expenses 480 520
Other operating (income) expenses 306 223
Total operating costs 11,670 12,280
Operating profit 2,579 3,519
Other income (expense) 107 156
Consolidated profit before taxes 2,570 3,532
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 574 688
Profit of consolidated companies 1,996 2,844
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies 7 10
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies 2,003 2,854
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 0 (2)
Profit [1] $ 2,003 $ 2,856
Profit per common share (in dollars per share) $ 4.22 $ 5.78
Profit per common share - diluted (in dollars per share) [2] $ 4.20 $ 5.75
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (millions)    
Basic (in shares) 474.9 493.9
Diluted (in shares) [2] 477.1 496.9
Machinery, Energy & Transportation    
Sales and revenues:    
Total sales and revenues $ 13,378 $ 14,960
Financial Products    
Sales and revenues:    
Total sales and revenues 871 839
Operating costs:    
Interest expense of Financial Products 326 298
All other excluding Financial Products    
Operating costs:    
Interest expense excluding Financial Products $ 116 $ 143
[1] Profit attributable to common shareholders.
[2] Diluted by assumed exercise of stock-based compensation awards using the treasury stock method.