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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20549
____________________________________
FORM 10-Q
____________________________________

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-00812
____________________________________
RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
____________________________________

Delaware |  | 06-0570975
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

870 Winter Street, | Waltham, | Massachusetts | 02451
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(781) | 522-3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock ($1 par value) | RTX |  | New York Stock Exchange
(CUSIP 75513E 101) |  |  |
2.150% Notes due 2030 | RTX 30 |  | New York Stock Exchange
(CUSIP 75513E AB7) |  |  |

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒. No ☐.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒. No ☐.

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer | ☒ | Accelerated Filer | ☐
Non-accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ☐
|  | Emerging Growth Company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐. No ☒.
At September 30, 2021 there were 1,496,777,742 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
2

Table of Contents
RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONTENTS OF QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
Quarter Ended September 30, 2021

| Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 4
Item 1. Unaudited Financial Statements: | 4
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 | 4
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 | 5
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 | 6
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 | 7
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 | 8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 9
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 42
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 43
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 69
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 69
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION | 71
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 71
Item 1A. Risk Factors | 71
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 72
Item 6. Exhibits | 72
SIGNATURES | 73

Raytheon Technologies Corporation and its subsidiaries’ names, abbreviations thereof, logos, and products and services designators are all either the registered or unregistered trademarks or tradenames of Raytheon Technologies Corporation and its subsidiaries. Names, abbreviations of names, logos, and products and services designators of other companies are either the registered or unregistered trademarks or tradenames of their respective owners. References to internet web sites in this Form 10-Q are provided for convenience only. Information available through these web sites is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-Q.
3

Table of Contents
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products sales | $ | 12,331 |  |  | $ | 11,469 |  |  | $ | 36,174 |  |  | $ | 30,402 |
Services sales | 3,882 |  |  | 3,278 |  |  | 11,170 |  |  | 9,766 |
Total Net Sales | 16,213 |  |  | 14,747 |  |  | 47,344 |  |  | 40,168 |
Costs and Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales - products | 10,296 |  |  | 10,322 |  |  | 30,267 |  |  | 26,571 |
Cost of sales - services | 2,793 |  |  | 2,682 |  |  | 8,014 |  |  | 7,219 |
Research and development | 676 |  |  | 642 |  |  | 1,922 |  |  | 1,872 |
Selling, general and administrative | 1,229 |  |  | 1,401 |  |  | 3,817 |  |  | 4,189 |
Total Costs and Expenses | 14,994 |  |  | 15,047 |  |  | 44,020 |  |  | 39,851 |
Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,183) |
Other income, net | 124 |  |  | 734 |  |  | 314 |  |  | 835 |
Operating profit (loss) | 1,343 |  |  | 434 |  |  | 3,638 |  |  | (2,031) |
Non-operating expense (income), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-service pension benefit | (491) |  |  | (253) |  |  | (1,472) |  |  | (658) |
Interest expense, net | 358 |  |  | 350 |  |  | 1,046 |  |  | 1,017 |
Total non-operating expense (income), net | (133) |  |  | 97 |  |  | (426) |  |  | 359 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 1,476 |  |  | 337 |  |  | 4,064 |  |  | (2,390) |
Income tax expense | 3 |  |  | 152 |  |  | 690 |  |  | 753 |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | 1,473 |  |  | 185 |  |  | 3,374 |  |  | (3,143) |
Less: Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries’ earnings from continuing operations | 73 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 112 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners | 1,400 |  |  | 151 |  |  | 3,212 |  |  | (3,255) |
Discontinued operations (Note 3): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, before tax | (1) |  |  | 13 |  |  | (31) |  |  | (219) |
Income tax expense (benefit) from discontinued operations | 6 |  |  | (100) |  |  | 3 |  |  | 137 |
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (7) |  |  | 113 |  |  | (34) |  |  | (356) |
Less: Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries’ earnings from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners | (7) |  |  | 113 |  |  | (34) |  |  | (399) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 1,393 |  |  | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | 3,178 |  |  | $ | (3,654) |
Earnings (loss) Per Share attributable to common shareowners - Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | 2.13 |  |  | $ | (2.48) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | (0.02) |  |  | (0.30) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 2.11 |  |  | $ | (2.79) |
Earnings (loss) Per Share attributable to common shareowners - Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | 2.13 |  |  | $ | (2.48) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | (0.03) |  |  | (0.30) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 2.10 |  |  | $ | (2.79) |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4

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RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income (loss) from continuing and discontinued operations | $ | 1,466 |  |  | $ | 298 |  |  | $ | 3,340 |  |  | $ | (3,499) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (321) |  |  | 605 |  |  | (239) |  |  | (175) |
Pension and postretirement benefit plans adjustments | 86 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 190 |  |  | (2,093) |
Change in unrealized cash flow hedging | (167) |  |  | 154 |  |  | (139) |  |  | (5) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax | (402) |  |  | 842 |  |  | (188) |  |  | (2,273) |
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive income (loss) | 18 |  |  | (54) |  |  | (17) |  |  | 535 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (384) |  |  | 788 |  |  | (205) |  |  | (1,738) |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 1,082 |  |  | 1,086 |  |  | 3,135 |  |  | (5,237) |
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest | 73 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 155 |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 1,009 |  |  | $ | 1,052 |  |  | $ | 2,973 |  |  | $ | (5,392) |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
5

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RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Unaudited)

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Assets |  |  |
Current Assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,476 |  |  | $ | 8,802 |
Accounts receivable, net | 9,538 |  |  | 9,254 |
Contract assets | 10,899 |  |  | 9,931 |
Inventory, net | 9,426 |  |  | 9,411 |
Other assets, current | 4,653 |  |  | 5,978 |
Total Current Assets | 41,992 |  |  | 43,376 |
Customer financing assets | 2,960 |  |  | 3,144 |
Fixed assets | 27,116 |  |  | 26,346 |
Accumulated depreciation | (12,599) |  |  | (11,384) |
Fixed assets, net | 14,517 |  |  | 14,962 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 1,876 |  |  | 1,880 |
Goodwill | 53,789 |  |  | 54,285 |
Intangible assets, net | 38,842 |  |  | 40,539 |
Other assets | 4,796 |  |  | 3,967 |
Total Assets | $ | 158,772 |  |  | $ | 162,153 |
Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity |  |  |
Current Liabilities |  |  |
Short-term borrowings | $ | 206 |  |  | $ | 247 |
Accounts payable | 8,667 |  |  | 8,639 |
Accrued employee compensation | 2,756 |  |  | 3,006 |
Other accrued liabilities | 9,685 |  |  | 10,517 |
Contract liabilities | 12,543 |  |  | 12,889 |
Long-term debt currently due | 274 |  |  | 550 |
Total Current Liabilities | 34,131 |  |  | 35,848 |
Long-term debt | 30,768 |  |  | 31,026 |
Operating lease liabilities, non-current | 1,541 |  |  | 1,516 |
Future pension and postretirement benefit obligations | 9,742 |  |  | 10,342 |
Other long-term liabilities | 9,621 |  |  | 9,537 |
Total Liabilities | 85,803 |  |  | 88,269 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17) |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | 32 |  |  | 32 |
Shareowners’ Equity: |  |  |
Common Stock | 37,343 |  |  | 36,930 |
Treasury Stock | (12,398) |  |  | (10,407) |
Retained earnings | 50,343 |  |  | 49,423 |
Unearned ESOP shares | (41) |  |  | (49) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (3,939) |  |  | (3,734) |
Total Shareowners’ Equity | 71,308 |  |  | 72,163 |
Noncontrolling interest | 1,629 |  |  | 1,689 |
Total Equity | 72,937 |  |  | 73,852 |
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity | $ | 158,772 |  |  | $ | 162,153 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
6

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RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating Activities: |  |  |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 3,374 |  |  | $ | (3,143) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) from continuing operations to net cash flows provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 3,413 |  |  | 3,003 |
Deferred income tax provision | (142) |  |  | (34) |
Stock compensation cost | 343 |  |  | 253 |
Net periodic pension and other postretirement income | (1,073) |  |  | (325) |
Goodwill impairment charge | — |  |  | 3,183 |
Change in: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (397) |  |  | 567 |
Contract assets | (1,117) |  |  | 699 |
Inventory | (57) |  |  | (111) |
Other current assets | (275) |  |  | (381) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 425 |  |  | (866) |
Contract liabilities | 83 |  |  | 354 |
Global pension contributions | (38) |  |  | (64) |
Other operating activities, net | (558) |  |  | (171) |
Net cash flows provided by operating activities from continuing operations | 3,981 |  |  | 2,964 |
Investing Activities: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (1,180) |  |  | (1,172) |
Investments in businesses (Note 2) | (6) |  |  | — |
Dispositions of businesses, net of cash transferred (Note 2) | 1,074 |  |  | 2,575 |
Cash acquired in Raytheon Merger (Note 2) | — |  |  | 3,208 |
Customer financing assets receipts (payments), net | 24 |  |  | (138) |
Increase in collaboration intangible assets | (138) |  |  | (136) |
Receipts (payments) from settlements of derivative contracts, net | 42 |  |  | (115) |
Other investing activities, net | 45 |  |  | (70) |
Net cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities from continuing operations | (139) |  |  | 4,152 |
Financing Activities: |  |  |
Issuance of long-term debt | 1,981 |  |  | 1,999 |
Distribution from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 17,207 |
Repayment of long-term debt | (2,547) |  |  | (15,052) |
Decrease in short-term borrowings, net | (41) |  |  | (2,060) |
Proceeds from Common Stock issued under employee stock plans | 3 |  |  | 6 |
Dividends paid on Common Stock | (2,212) |  |  | (2,026) |
Repurchase of Common Stock | (2,000) |  |  | (47) |
Net transfers to discontinued operations | (27) |  |  | (1,998) |
Other financing activities, net | (339) |  |  | (85) |
Net cash flows used in financing activities from continuing operations | (5,182) |  |  | (2,056) |
Discontinued Operations: |  |  |
Net cash used in operating activities | (27) |  |  | (693) |
Net cash used in investing activities | — |  |  | (241) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 27 |  |  | (1,449) |
Net cash used in discontinued operations | — |  |  | (2,383) |
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents from continuing operations | 10 |  |  | 11 |
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents from discontinued operations | — |  |  | (76) |
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (1,330) |  |  | 2,612 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 8,832 |  |  | 4,961 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash within assets related to discontinued operations, beginning of period | — |  |  | 2,459 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | 7,502 |  |  | 10,032 |
Less: Restricted cash, included in Other assets | 26 |  |  | 31 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 7,476 |  |  | $ | 10,001 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
7

Table of Contents
RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Unaudited)

|  | Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts; shares in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Equity beginning balance |  | $ | 72,721 |  |  | $ | 68,892 |  |  | $ | 73,852 |  |  | $ | 44,231 |
Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 37,183 |  |  | 36,735 |  |  | 36,930 |  |  | 23,019 |
Common Stock plans activity |  | 160 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 413 |  |  | 320 |
Common Stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock and equity awards |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,897 |
Adjustment to Common Stock for the Otis Distribution |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,598 |
Sale of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest, net |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Ending balance |  | 37,343 |  |  | 36,833 |  |  | 37,343 |  |  | 36,833 |
Treasury Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (11,424) |  |  | (10,398) |  |  | (10,407) |  |  | (32,626) |
Common Stock plans activity |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Common Stock repurchased |  | (982) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,002) |  |  | (43) |
Common Stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock and equity awards |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 22,269 |
Other |  | 8 |  |  | (9) |  |  | 11 |  |  | (9) |
Ending balance |  | (12,398) |  |  | (10,407) |  |  | (12,398) |  |  | (10,407) |
Retained Earnings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 48,954 |  |  | 49,744 |  |  | 49,423 |  |  | 61,594 |
Net income (loss) |  | 1,393 |  |  | 264 |  |  | 3,178 |  |  | (3,654) |
Adjustment to retained earnings for the Carrier Distribution |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,805) |
Dividends on Common Stock |  | 3 |  |  | 15 |  |  | (2,212) |  |  | (2,026) |
Dividends on ESOP Common Stock |  | — |  |  | (11) |  |  | (37) |  |  | (38) |
Other, including the adoption impact of ASU 2016-13 (Note 21) |  | (7) |  |  | 5 |  |  | (9) |  |  | (54) |
Ending balance |  | 50,343 |  |  | 50,017 |  |  | 50,343 |  |  | 50,017 |
Unearned ESOP Shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (43) |  |  | (56) |  |  | (49) |  |  | (64) |
Common Stock plans activity |  | 2 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 12 |
Ending balance |  | (41) |  |  | (52) |  |  | (41) |  |  | (52) |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (3,555) |  |  | (8,800) |  |  | (3,734) |  |  | (10,149) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  | (384) |  |  | 788 |  |  | (205) |  |  | (1,738) |
Separation of Carrier and Otis |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,875 |
Ending balance |  | (3,939) |  |  | (8,012) |  |  | (3,939) |  |  | (8,012) |
Noncontrolling Interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 1,606 |  |  | 1,667 |  |  | 1,689 |  |  | 2,457 |
Net Income |  | 73 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 155 |
Less: Redeemable noncontrolling interest net income |  | (2) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (2) |
Dividends attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | (47) |  |  | — |  |  | (216) |  |  | (80) |
Sale of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest, net |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |
Acquisition (disposition) of noncontrolling interest, net |  | (1) |  |  | 1 |  |  | (1) |  |  | 1 |
Capital contributions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (31) |
Separation of Carrier and Otis |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (865) |
Ending balance |  | 1,629 |  |  | 1,701 |  |  | 1,629 |  |  | 1,701 |
Equity at September 30 |  | $ | 72,937 |  |  | $ | 70,080 |  |  | $ | 72,937 |  |  | $ | 70,080 |
Supplemental share information
Shares of Common Stock issued under employee plans, net |  | 240 |  |  | 174 |  |  | 1,516 |  |  | 2,081 |
Shares of Common Stock repurchased |  | 11,535 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,177 |  |  | 330 |
Shares of Common Stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock & equity awards |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 652,638 |
Dividends declared per share of Common Stock |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1.495 |  |  | $ | 1.685 |
Dividends paid per share of Common Stock |  | 0.510 |  |  | 0.475 |  |  | 1.495 |  |  | 1.685 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1: Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements at September 30, 2021 and for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management include adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. The results reported in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. The financial information included herein should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, we reclassified certain amounts to conform to our current period presentation.
Separation Transactions, Distributions and Raytheon Merger. On April 3, 2020, United Technologies Corporation (UTC) completed the separation of its business into three independent, publicly traded companies – UTC, Carrier Global Corporation (Carrier) and Otis Worldwide Corporation (Otis) (the Separation Transactions). UTC distributed all of the outstanding shares of Carrier common stock and all of the outstanding shares of Otis common stock to UTC shareowners who held shares of UTC common stock as of the close of business on March 19, 2020, the record date for the distributions (the Distributions) effective at 12:01 a.m., Eastern Time, on April 3, 2020. Immediately following the Separation Transactions and Distributions, on April 3, 2020, UTC and Raytheon Company completed their all-stock merger of equals transaction (the Raytheon Merger), pursuant to which Raytheon Company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of UTC and UTC was renamed Raytheon Technologies Corporation (RTC). As a result of these transactions, we now operate in four principal business segments: Collins Aerospace Systems (Collins Aerospace), Pratt & Whitney, Raytheon Intelligence & Space (RIS) and Raytheon Missiles & Defense (RMD).
UTC was determined to be the accounting acquirer in the Raytheon Merger, and, as a result, the financial statements of Raytheon Technologies include Raytheon Company’s financial position and results of operations for all periods subsequent to the completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020. RIS and RMD follow a 4-4-5 fiscal calendar while Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney continue to use a quarter calendar end of September 30, 2021. Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, when we refer to the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 with respect to RIS or RMD, we are referring to their October 3, 2021 and September 27, 2020 fiscal quarter ends, respectively. The historical results of Carrier and Otis are presented as discontinued operations and, as such, have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented. Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless otherwise indicated, amounts and activity are presented on a continuing operations basis.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company,” “Raytheon Technologies,” and “RTC” mean United Technologies Corporation and its subsidiaries when referring to periods prior to the Raytheon Merger and to the combined company, Raytheon Technologies Corporation, when referring to periods after the Raytheon Merger. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Raytheon Company,” or “Raytheon” mean Raytheon Company and its subsidiaries prior to the Raytheon Merger.
COVID-19 Pandemic. Beginning in 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) negatively impacted the global economy, our business and operations, and the industries in which we operate. The continued disruption to air travel and commercial activities and the significant restrictions and limitations on businesses, particularly within the aerospace and commercial airline industries, have negatively impacted global supply, demand and distribution capabilities. In particular, the unprecedented decrease in air travel resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected our airline and airframer customers, and their demand for the products and services of our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2020 we recorded write-downs of assets and significant unfavorable Estimate at Completion (EAC) adjustments in our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses primarily related to:
•Goodwill impairment charges of $3.2 billion in the quarter ended June 30, 2020 related to two of our Collins Aerospace reporting units. Refer to “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” for additional information,
•increased estimated credit losses on both our receivables and contract assets of $48 million and $357 million in the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively,
•an unfavorable EAC adjustment of $334 million on a Pratt & Whitney commercial engine aftermarket contract due to lower estimated revenues driven by a change in the estimated maintenance coverage period in both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020,
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•contract asset and inventory impairments at Collins Aerospace due to the impact of lower estimated future customer activity resulting from the expected acceleration of fleet retirements of a commercial aircraft of $13 million and $146 million in the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively,
•an unfavorable EAC adjustment of $129 million related to lower estimated revenues due to the restructuring of a customer contract at Pratt & Whitney in both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020,
•an $89 million impairment of commercial aircraft program assets at Pratt & Whitney in both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020,
•the impairment of a Collins Aerospace trade name of $57 million in total, in the first and second quarters of 2020,
•unfavorable EAC adjustments on commercial aftermarket contracts at Pratt & Whitney based on a change in estimated future customer activity of $48 million in total, in the second and third quarters of 2020, and
•an unfavorable EAC adjustment at Pratt & Whitney related to a shift in overhead costs to military contracts of $44 million in the second quarter of 2020.
Our RIS and RMD businesses, although experiencing minor impacts, have not experienced significant business disruptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Given the significant reduction in business and leisure passenger air travel, continued travel restrictions that have resulted from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and the resulting impacts on our customers and their business activities, we expect our future operating results, particularly those of our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses, to continue to be negatively impacted when compared to pre-COVID-19 (2019) results. Our expectations regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential financial impact are based on available information and assumptions that we believe are reasonable at this time; however, the actual financial impact is highly uncertain and subject to a wide range of factors and future developments. While we believe that the long-term outlook for the aerospace industry remains positive due to the fundamental drivers of air travel demand, there continues to be uncertainty with respect to the point at which commercial air traffic capacity will return to and/or exceed pre-COVID-19 levels. We have seen indications that commercial air travel is continuing to recover in certain areas of demand; however, other areas continue to lag. In addition, while global vaccination rates have increased, infection from COVID-19 variants have continued, which may impact the pace of the commercial aerospace recovery. However, we continue to estimate that a full recovery may occur in 2023 or 2024. New information may continue to emerge concerning the scope, severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as any worsening of the pandemic, the effect of additional variants, the efficacy, acceptance, distribution and availability of vaccines, new or continued actions to contain the pandemic’s spread or treat its impact, and governmental, business and individual personal actions taken in response to the pandemic (including restrictions and limitations on travel and transportation, and changes in leisure and business travel patterns and work environments) among others. Some of these actions and related impacts may be trends that continue in the future even after the pandemic no longer poses a significant public health risk. As our commercial aerospace business begins to recover, we expect certain employee-related and discretionary costs, which were subject to prior year cost reduction actions, to return in 2021 and beyond. A recovery may also impact our judgments around credit risk related to estimated credit losses.
On September 24, 2021, in furtherance of an executive order, the U.S. Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (Task Force) issued guidance requiring federal contractors and subcontractors to comply with COVID-19 safety protocols, including requiring certain employees to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19 by December 8, 2021 except in limited circumstances. The vaccination requirements will be incorporated in new government contracts, renewals, extensions and other modifications signed on and after October 15, 2021, and will apply to employees working on or in connection with such contracts, as well as to employees working at a location at which an employee working on such contract is likely to be present. We had previously announced an internal vaccine mandate with a January 1, 2022 deadline for all U.S. based employees. We do not expect all of our employees who are covered by the U.S. federal contractor mandate to become fully vaccinated by December 8, 2021, but we will comply with the requirements of the Task Force’s implementing guidance and the associated executive order. While this mandate may have an impact on our operations, we do not expect this to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Our ability to perform on our contracts is also dependent upon our subcontractors and suppliers. Our subcontractors and suppliers who are subject to the U.S. federal contractor vaccine mandate may be impacted by an inability to comply or loss of personnel, which could disrupt subcontractor or supplier performance or deliveries, and negatively impact our business.
Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Business Acquisitions. As described above, on April 3, 2020, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated June 9, 2019, as amended (the Raytheon Merger Agreement) UTC and Raytheon Company completed their previously announced all-stock merger of equals, following the completion by UTC of the Separation Transactions and Distributions. Raytheon Company (previously New York Stock Exchange (NYSE): RTN) shares ceased trading prior to the market open on April 3, 2020, and each share of Raytheon common stock was converted in the merger into the right to receive 2.3348 shares of UTC common
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stock previously traded on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “UTX.” Upon closing of the Raytheon Merger, UTC’s name was changed to “Raytheon Technologies Corporation,” and its shares of common stock began trading as of April 3, 2020 on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “RTX.”
Total consideration is calculated as follows:

(dollars in millions) | Amount
Fair value of RTC common stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock and vested equity awards | $ | 33,067 |
Fair value attributable to pre-merger service for replacement equity awards | 99 |
Total merger consideration | $ | 33,166 |

The fair value of RTC common stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock and vested equity awards is calculated as follows:

(dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts and exchange ratio) | Amount
Number of Raytheon Company common shares outstanding as of April 3, 2020 | 277.3
Number of Raytheon Company stock awards vested as a result of the Raytheon Merger (1) | 0.4
Total outstanding shares of Raytheon Company common stock and equity awards entitled to merger consideration | 277.7
Exchange ratio (2) | 2.3348
Shares of RTC common stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock and vested equity awards | 648.4
Price per share of RTC common stock (3) | $ | 51.00 |
Fair value of RTC common stock issued for Raytheon Company outstanding common stock and vested equity awards | $ | 33,067 |

(1) Represents Raytheon Company stock awards that vested as a result of the Raytheon Merger, which is considered a “change in control” for purposes of the Raytheon 2010 Stock Plan. Certain Raytheon Company restricted stock awards and Raytheon Company restricted stock unit (RSU) awards, issued under the Raytheon 2010 Stock Plan vested on an accelerated basis as a result of the Raytheon Merger. Such vested awards were converted into the right to receive RTC common stock determined as the product of (1) the number of vested awards, and (2) the exchange ratio.
(2) The exchange ratio is equal to 2.3348 shares of UTC common stock for each share of Raytheon Company common stock in accordance with the Raytheon Merger Agreement.
(3) The price per share of RTC common stock is based on the RTC opening stock price as of April 3, 2020.
Allocation of Consideration Transferred to Net Assets Acquired. We accounted for the Raytheon Merger under the acquisition method and are required to measure identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed of the acquiree (Raytheon Company) at the fair values on the closing date. During the first quarter of 2021, based on the finalization of our valuation and internal reviews, we completed the purchase price allocation which resulted in a net increase to goodwill of $61 million.
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The final purchase price allocation, net of cash acquired, for the acquisition was as follows:

(dollars in millions) |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 3,208 |
Accounts receivable, net | 1,997 |
Contract assets | 6,023 |
Inventory, net | 705 |
Other assets, current | 940 |
Fixed assets, net | 4,745 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 950 |
Intangible assets, net: | 19,130 |
Customer relationships | 12,900 |
Tradenames/trademarks | 5,430 |
Developed technology | 800 |
Other assets | 1,218 |
Total identifiable assets acquired | 38,916 |
Accounts payable | 1,477 |
Accrued employee compensation | 1,492 |
Other accrued liabilities | 1,921 |
Contract liabilities | 3,002 |
Long-term debt, including current portion | 4,700 |
Operating lease liabilities, non-current portion | 738 |
Future pension and postretirement benefit obligation | 11,607 |
Other long-term liabilities | 2,368 |
Total liabilities acquired | 27,305 |
Total identifiable net assets | 11,611 |
Goodwill | 21,589 |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | (34) |
Total consideration transferred | $ | 33,166 |

Fair value adjustments to Raytheon Company’s identified assets and liabilities included an increase in fixed assets of $1.1 billion and an increase to future pension and postretirement benefit obligations of $3.6 billion, primarily related to remeasurement of the liability based on market conditions on the Raytheon Merger closing date. For further information, see “Note 10: Employee Benefit Plans.” In determining the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, a review was conducted for any significant contingent assets or liabilities existing as of the closing date. The assessment did not note any material contingencies related to existing legal or government action.
The fair values of the customer relationship intangible assets were determined by using a discounted cash flow valuation method, which is a form of the income approach. Under this approach, the estimated future cash flows attributable to the asset are adjusted to exclude the future cash flows that can be attributed to supporting assets, such as tradenames or fixed assets. Both the amount and the duration of the cash flows are considered from a market participant perspective. Our estimates of market participant future cash flows, which require significant management judgment, included forecasted revenue growth rates, remaining developmental effort, operational performance including company specific synergies, program life cycles, material and labor pricing, and other relevant customer, contractual and market factors. Where appropriate, the net cash flows are probability-adjusted to reflect the uncertainties associated with the underlying assumptions, including cancellation rates related to backlog, government demand for sole-source and recompete contracts and win rates for recompete contracts, as well as the risk profile of the net cash flows utilized in the valuation. The probability-adjusted future cash flows are then discounted to present value, using an appropriate discount rate that requires significant judgment by management. The customer relationship intangible assets are being amortized based on the pattern of economic benefits we expect to realize over the estimated economic life of the underlying programs. The fair value of the tradename intangible assets were determined utilizing the relief from royalty method which is a form of the income approach. Under this method, a royalty rate based on observed market royalties is applied to projected revenue supporting the tradename and discounted to present value, using forecasted revenue growth rate projections and a discount rate, respectively, that requires significant judgment by management. The tradename
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intangible assets have been determined to have an indefinite life. The developed technology intangible assets are being amortized based on the pattern of economic benefits.
The intangible assets included above consist of the following:

(dollars in millions) | Fair Value | Useful Life
Acquired customer relationships | $ | 12,900 |  | 25 years
Acquired tradenames | 5,430 |  | Indefinite
Acquired developed technology | 800 |  | 5 to 7 years
Total identifiable intangible assets | $ | 19,130 |  |

We also identified customer contractual obligations on loss making programs and recorded liabilities of $222 million related to these programs based on the difference between the actual expected operating loss and a normalized operating profit. These liabilities will be liquidated based on the expected pattern of expenses incurred on these contracts.
We recorded $21.6 billion of goodwill as a result of the Raytheon Merger which primarily relates to expected synergies from combining operations and the value of the existing workforce. The goodwill generated as a result of the Raytheon Merger is nondeductible for tax purposes.
Merger-Related Costs. Merger-related costs have been expensed as incurred. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021 we recorded $17 million of transaction and integration costs. In the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020 we recorded $26 million and $125 million, respectively, of transaction and integration costs. These costs are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Supplemental Pro-Forma Data. Raytheon Company’s results of operations have been included in RTC’s financial statements for the period subsequent to the completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020. The following unaudited supplemental pro-forma data presents consolidated information as if the Raytheon Merger had been completed on January 1, 2019. The pro-forma results were calculated by combining the results of Raytheon Technologies with the stand-alone results of Raytheon Company for the pre-acquisition periods, which were adjusted to account for certain costs that would have been incurred during this pre-acquisition period. The results below reflect Raytheon Technologies on a continuing operations basis, in order to more accurately represent the structure of Raytheon Technologies after completion of the Separation Transactions, the Distributions and the Raytheon Merger.

|  |  | Quarter Ended |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  |  | September 30, 2020
Net sales |  |  | $ | 14,747 |  |  |  |  | $ | 47,668 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners |  |  | 174 |  |  |  |  | (2,328) |
Basic earnings (loss) per share of common stock from continuing operations |  |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  |  |  | $ | (1.54) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share of common stock from continuing operations |  |  | 0.11 |  |  |  |  | (1.54) |

The unaudited supplemental pro-forma data above includes the following significant adjustments made to account for certain costs which would have been incurred if the acquisition had been completed on January 1, 2019, as adjusted for the applicable
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tax impact. As the merger was completed on April 3, 2020, the pro-forma adjustments in the table below only include the required adjustments through April 3, 2020.

|  |  | Quarter Ended |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended
(dollars in millions) |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  |  | September 30, 2020
Amortization of acquired Raytheon Company intangible assets, net (1) |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | (270) |
Amortization of fixed asset fair value adjustment (2) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (9) |
Utilization of contractual customer obligation (3) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 8 |
Deferred revenue fair value adjustment (4) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (4) |
Adjustment to non-service pension (income) expense (5) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 239 |
RTC/Raytheon fees for advisory, legal, accounting services (6) |  |  | 23 |  |  |  |  | 119 |
Adjustment to interest expense related to the Raytheon Merger, net (7) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 9 |
Elimination of deferred commission amortization (8) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 5 |
|  |  | $ | 23 |  |  |  |  | $ | 97 |

(1) Reflects the additional amortization of the acquired Raytheon Company’s intangible assets recognized at fair value in purchase accounting and eliminates the historical Raytheon Company intangible asset amortization expense.
(2) Reflects the amortization of the fixed asset fair value adjustment as of the acquisition date.
(3) Reflects the additional amortization of liabilities recognized for certain acquired loss making contracts as of the acquisition date.
(4) Reflects the difference between prepayments related to extended arrangements and the fair value of the assumed performance obligations as they are satisfied.
(5) Represents the elimination of unamortized prior service costs and actuarial losses, as a result of fair value purchase accounting.
(6) Reflects the elimination of transaction-related fees incurred by RTC and Raytheon Company in connection with the Raytheon Merger and assumes all of the fees were incurred during the first quarter of 2019.
(7) Reflects the amortization of the fair market value adjustment related to Raytheon Company.
(8) Reflects the elimination of amortization recognized on deferred commissions that are eliminated in purchase accounting.
The unaudited supplemental pro-forma financial information does not reflect the potential realization of cost savings related to the integration of the two companies. Further, the pro-forma data should not be considered indicative of the results that would have occurred if the acquisition had been consummated on January 1, 2019, nor are they indicative of future results.
Dispositions. On September 8, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to divest our global training and logistics business within our Raytheon Intelligence & Space segment. At September 30, 2021, the related assets of approximately $860 million and liabilities of approximately $100 million have been accounted for as held for sale; however, the disposition does not qualify for presentation as discontinued operations. These held for sale assets, including a preliminary estimate of approximately $660 million of goodwill and intangibles, and liabilities are presented in Other assets, current and Other accrued liabilities, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The closing of the transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of required regulatory approvals.
In October 2020, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Forcepoint business, which we completed on January 8, 2021, for proceeds of $1.1 billion, net of cash transferred. At December 31, 2020, the related assets of approximately $1.9 billion and liabilities of approximately $855 million were accounted for as held for sale at fair value less cost to sell; however, Forcepoint did not qualify for presentation as discontinued operations. These held for sale assets and liabilities are presented in Other assets, current and Other accrued liabilities, respectively, on our December 31, 2020 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Assets held for sale included $1.4 billion of goodwill and intangible assets. We did not recognize a pre-tax gain or loss within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations related to the sale of Forcepoint. The results of Forcepoint were included in Eliminations and other in our segment results.
In the third quarter of 2020, in accordance with conditions imposed for regulatory approval of the Raytheon Merger, we completed the sale of our Collins Aerospace military Global Positioning System (GPS) and space-based precision optics businesses for $2.3 billion in cash, resulting in an aggregate pre-tax gain, net of transaction costs, of $580 million ($253 million after tax), of which $608 million was included in Other income (expense), net partially offset by $20 million of aggregate transaction costs included in Selling, general and administrative costs and an $8 million expense included in Non-service pension (income) expense within our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Income before taxes for 2020, through the date of sale for these businesses was $94 million.
In May 2020, in order to meet the requirements for regulatory approval of the Raytheon Merger, we completed the sale of our airborne tactical radios business within our RIS segment for $231 million in cash, net of transaction-related costs. As the transaction occurred subsequent to the Raytheon Merger, the gain of $199 million was not recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations, but rather was recorded as an adjustment to the fair value of net assets acquired in the
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allocation of consideration transferred to net assets acquired in the Raytheon Merger. Income before taxes related to the disposed business for the period from the closing of the Raytheon Merger to disposal date was not material.
As discussed further in “Note 3: Discontinued Operations,” on April 2, 2020, Carrier and Otis entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement with UTC (since renamed Raytheon Technologies Corporation), pursuant to which, among other things, UTC agreed to separate into three independent, publicly traded companies – UTC, Carrier and Otis and distribute all of the outstanding common stock of Carrier and Otis to UTC shareowners who held shares of UTC common stock as of the close of business on March 19, 2020. UTC distributed 866,158,910 and 433,079,455 shares of common stock of Carrier and Otis, respectively in the Distributions. As a result of the Distributions, Carrier and Otis are now independent publicly traded companies.
Goodwill. Changes in our goodwill balances for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were as follows:

(dollars in millions) | Balance as of January 1, 2021(1) |  | Acquisitions and Divestitures(2) |  |  |  | Foreign Currency Translation and Other |  | Balance as of September 30, 2021
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 31,571 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | (146) |  |  | $ | 31,425 |
Pratt & Whitney | 1,563 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 1,563 |
Raytheon Intelligence & Space(1) (2) | 9,522 |  |  | (397) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 9,125 |
Raytheon Missiles & Defense(1) | 11,608 |  |  | 52 |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  | 11,659 |
Total Segments | 54,264 |  |  | (345) |  |  |  |  | (147) |  |  | 53,772 |
Eliminations and other | 21 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (4) |  |  | 17 |
Total | $ | 54,285 |  |  | $ | (345) |  |  |  |  | $ | (151) |  |  | $ | 53,789 |

(1) In connection with the previously announced January 1, 2021 reorganization of RIS and RMD, goodwill of $282 million was allocated from RMD to RIS on a relative fair value basis and is reflected in the revised balances at January 1, 2021.
(2) Change in Acquisitions and Divestitures for RIS includes the reclassification of a preliminary estimate of approximately $430 million of goodwill associated with the RIS’s global training and logistics business, as criteria for held for sale accounting treatment was met during the three months ended September 30, 2021.
The Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset might be impaired. We did not have a triggering event in the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
We considered the deterioration in general economic and market conditions primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic to be a triggering event in the first and second quarters of 2020, requiring an impairment evaluation of goodwill, intangible assets and other assets in our commercial aerospace businesses, Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney. Beginning in the second quarter of 2020, we observed several airline customer bankruptcies, delays and cancellations of aircraft purchases by airlines, fleet retirements and repositioning of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) production schedules and we experienced significant unfavorable EAC adjustments at our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses due to a decline in flight hours, aircraft fleet utilization, shop visits and commercial OEM deliveries. These factors contributed to a deterioration of our expectations regarding the timing of a return to pre-COVID-19 commercial flight activity, which further reduced our future sales and cash flows expectations.
In the second quarter of 2020, we evaluated the Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney reporting units for goodwill impairment and determined that the carrying values of two of the six Collins Aerospace reporting units exceeded the sum of discounted future cash flows, resulting in aggregate goodwill impairments of $3.2 billion. For additional discussion, see “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 8 of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Company continuously monitors and evaluates relevant events and circumstances that could negatively impact the key assumptions in determining the fair value of goodwill, including long-term revenue growth projections, profitability, discount rates including changes to U.S. treasury rates and equity risk premiums, tax rates, recent market valuations from transactions by comparable companies, volatility in the Company’s market capitalization, and general industry, market and macro-economic conditions. It is possible that future changes in such circumstances, including significant future negative developments in the COVID-19 pandemic, or future changes in the variables associated with the judgments, assumptions and estimates used in assessing the fair value of our reporting units, including the expected long-term recovery of airline travel to pre-COVID-19 levels, would require the Company to record a non-cash impairment charge.
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Intangible Assets. Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of the following:

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
(dollars in millions) | Gross Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Gross Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization
Amortized: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Patents and trademarks | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | (36) |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | (35) |
Collaboration assets | 5,269 |  |  | (1,112) |  |  | 5,021 |  |  | (1,024) |
Exclusivity assets | 2,647 |  |  | (317) |  |  | 2,541 |  |  | (295) |
Developed technology and other | 939 |  |  | (407) |  |  | 906 |  |  | (316) |
Customer relationships | 29,956 |  |  | (6,849) |  |  | 30,241 |  |  | (5,262) |
| 38,859 |  |  | (8,721) |  |  | 38,757 |  |  | (6,932) |
Unamortized: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trademarks and other | 8,704 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,714 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 47,563 |  |  | $ | (8,721) |  |  | $ | 47,471 |  |  | $ | (6,932) |

Given the deterioration in general economic and market conditions primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we performed an assessment of our unamortized intangible assets and recorded charges of $40 million and $17 million in the first and second quarters of 2020, respectively, related to the impairment of a Collins Aerospace indefinite-lived tradename intangible assets. We will continue to evaluate the impact on our customers and our business in future periods which may result in a different conclusion.
Amortization of intangible assets for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $622 million and $1,820 million and $599 million and $1,506 million, respectively. The following is the expected amortization of intangible assets for the years 2021 through 2026.

(dollars in millions) |  | Remaining 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026
Amortization expense |  | $ | 630 |  |  | $ | 1,936 |  |  | $ | 2,035 |  |  | $ | 2,142 |  |  | $ | 2,025 |  |  | $ | 1,939 |

Note 3: Discontinued Operations
As discussed above, the Separation Transactions and Distributions were completed on April 3, 2020 resulting in, among other things, UTC (since renamed Raytheon Technologies Corporation), being separated into three independent, publicly traded companies – UTC, Carrier and Otis.
Carrier and Otis are presented as discontinued operations and, as such, have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented. Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners is as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Otis | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 187 |
Carrier | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 196 |
Separation related transactions (1) | (7) |  |  | 113 |  |  | (34) |  |  | (782) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners | $ | (7) |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | (34) |  |  | $ | (399) |

(1) Reflects debt extinguishment costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the Company’s paydown of debt to not exceed the maximum applicable net indebtedness under the Raytheon Merger Agreement, and unallocable transaction costs incurred by the Company primarily related to professional services costs pertaining to the Separation Transactions and the establishment of Carrier and Otis as stand-alone public companies, facility relocation costs, costs to separate information systems, costs of retention bonuses and tax charges and benefits related to separation activities.
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The following summarized financial information related to discontinued operations has been reclassified from Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners and included in Income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Otis |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products sales | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,123 |
Services sales | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,843 |
Cost of products sold | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 913 |
Cost of services sold | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,157 |
Research and development | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38 |
Selling, general and administrative expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 450 |
Other income (expense), net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (65) |
Non-operating expense (income), net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |
Income from discontinued operations, before tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 340 |
Income tax expense from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 116 |
Net income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 224 |
Less: Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries earnings from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 37 |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 187 |
Carrier |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products sales | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,143 |
Services sales | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 741 |
Cost of products sold | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,239 |
Cost of services sold | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 527 |
Research and development | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 98 |
Selling, general and administrative expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 669 |
Other income (expense), net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (30) |
Non-operating expense (income), net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Income from discontinued operations, before tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 304 |
Income tax expense from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |
Net income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 202 |
Less: Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries earnings from discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 196 |
Separation related transactions (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expense | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (13) |  |  | 31 |  |  | $ | 154 |
Non-operating expense, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 709 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, before tax | (1) |  |  | 13 |  |  | (31) |  |  | (863) |
Income tax expense (benefit) from discontinued operations | 6 |  |  | (100) |  |  | 3 |  |  | (81) |
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations | (7) |  |  | 113 |  |  | (34) |  |  | (782) |
Total income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners | $ | (7) |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | (34) |  |  | $ | (399) |

(1) Reflects debt extinguishment costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the Company’s paydown of debt to not exceed the maximum applicable net indebtedness under the Raytheon Merger Agreement, and unallocable transaction costs incurred by the Company primarily related to professional services costs pertaining to the Separation Transactions and the establishment of Carrier and Otis as stand-alone public companies, facility relocation costs, costs to separate information systems, costs of retention bonuses and tax charges and benefits related to separation activities.
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Selected financial information related to cash flows from discontinued operations is as follows:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020
Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (27) |  |  | $ | (693) |
Net cash used in investing activities | — |  |  | (241) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 27 |  |  | (1,449) |

Net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes the net operating cash flows of Carrier and Otis prior to the Separation Transactions, as well as costs incurred by the Company primarily related to professional services costs pertaining to the Separation Transactions and the establishment of Carrier and Otis as stand-alone public companies, facility relocation costs, costs to separate information systems, costs of retention bonuses and tax charges related to separation activities. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily consists of cash distributed by the Company to Carrier and Otis upon separation and debt extinguishment costs related to the early repayment of debt.
Note 4: Earnings Per Share

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 1,400 |  |  | $ | 151 |  |  | $ | 3,212 |  |  | $ | (3,255) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (7) |  |  | 113 |  |  | (34) |  |  | (399) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 1,393 |  |  | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | 3,178 |  |  | $ | (3,654) |
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding | 1,497.9 |  |  | 1,511.5 |  |  | 1,505.0 |  |  | 1,311.3 |
Stock awards and equity units (share equivalent) | 8.0 |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | — |
Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding | 1,505.9 |  |  | 1,514.2 |  |  | 1,511.0 |  |  | 1,311.3 |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share attributable to common shareowners - Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | 2.13 |  |  | $ | (2.48) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | (0.02) |  |  | (0.30) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 2.11 |  |  | $ | (2.79) |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share attributable to common shareowners - Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | 2.13 |  |  | $ | (2.48) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | (0.03) |  |  | (0.30) |
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 2.10 |  |  | $ | (2.79) |

The computation of diluted earnings per share (EPS) excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock awards, including stock appreciation rights and stock options, when the average market price of the common stock is lower than the exercise price of the related stock awards during the period because the effect would be anti-dilutive. In addition, the computation of diluted EPS excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock awards when the awards’ assumed proceeds exceed the average market price of the common shares during the period. For the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the number of stock awards excluded from the computation was 8.0 million and 15.3 million, respectively. For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, the number of stock awards excluded from the computation was 38.1 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, all stock awards were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because their effect was antidilutive due to the loss from continuing operations, and amounted to 31.5 million stock awards.
Note 5: Changes in Contract Estimates at Completion
We review our Estimates at Completion (EACs) on significant contracts on a periodic basis and for others, no less than annually or when a change in circumstances warrant a modification to a previous estimate. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of the Company’s performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment by management on a contract by contract basis. As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract
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matters, progress towards completion and the related program schedule, identified risks and opportunities and the related changes in estimates of revenues and costs. The risks and opportunities relate to management’s judgment about the ability and cost to achieve the schedule, consideration of customer-directed delays or reductions in scheduled deliveries, technical requirements, customer activity levels, such as flight hours or aircraft landings, and related variable consideration. Management’s judgment related to these considerations has become increasingly more significant given the current economic environment primarily caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding contract revenue and costs, including estimates of labor productivity and availability, the complexity and scope of the work to be performed, the availability and cost of materials, the length of time to complete the performance obligation, execution by our subcontractors, the availability and timing of funding from our customer, overhead cost rates, and current and past maintenance cost and frequency driven by estimated aircraft and engine utilization and estimated useful lives of components, among others. Cost estimates may also include the estimated cost of satisfying our industrial cooperation agreements, sometimes in the form of either offset obligations or in-country industrial participation (ICIP) agreements, required under certain contracts primarily within our RIS and RMD segments. These obligations may or may not be distinct depending on their nature. If cash is paid to a customer to satisfy our offset obligations it is recorded as a reduction in the transaction price.
Changes in estimates of net sales, cost of sales and the related impact to operating profit on contracts recognized over time are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis, which recognizes the cumulative effect of the profit changes on current and prior periods based on a performance obligation’s percentage of completion in the current period. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of one or more of our performance obligations. Our EAC adjustments also include the establishment of loss provisions for our contracts accounted for on a percentage of completion basis.
Net EAC adjustments had the following impact on our operating results:

|  | Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating profit (loss) |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | (462) |  |  | $ | 64 |  |  | $ | (592) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners(1) |  | 20 |  |  | (365) |  |  | 51 |  |  | (468) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders (1) |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | (0.24) |  |  | $ | 0.03 |  |  | $ | (0.36) |

(1) Amounts reflect a U.S. statutory tax rate of 21%, which approximates our tax rate on our EAC adjustments.
In the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, revenue was increased by $82 million and reduced by $231 million, respectively, for performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, revenue was increased by $207 million and reduced by $432 million, respectively, for performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods. This relates to EAC adjustments that impacted revenue.
As a result of the Raytheon Merger, Raytheon Company’s contracts accounted for on a percentage of completion basis were reset to zero percent complete as of the merger date, since only the unperformed portion of the contract at such date represents the obligation of the Company. For additional information related to the Raytheon Merger, see “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets.”
Note 6: Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Accounts receivable | $ | 10,033 |  |  | $ | 9,800 |
Allowance for expected credit losses | (495) |  |  | (546) |
Total accounts receivable, net | $ | 9,538 |  |  | $ | 9,254 |

The Company enters into various factoring agreements with third-party financial institutions to sell certain of its receivables. Under these arrangements, the Company factored receivables of $4.4 billion and $5.4 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which includes amounts factored on certain aerospace receivables at the customers’ request for which we are compensated by the customer for the extended collection cycle. The cash received from these arrangements is reflected as cash provided by operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
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The changes in the allowance for expected credit losses related to Accounts receivable were as follows:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020
Balance as of January 1 | $ | 546 |  |  | $ | 254 |
Current period provision for expected credit losses, net of recoveries (1) | (32) |  |  | 263 |
Write-offs charged against the allowance for expected credit losses | (15) |  |  | (5) |
Other, net(2) | (4) |  |  | 18 |
Balance as of September 30 | $ | 495 |  |  | $ | 530 |

(1) The current provision for expected credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes $223 million of reserves driven by customer bankruptcies and additional reserves for credit losses primarily due to the current economic environment primarily caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
(2) Other, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes a $34 million impact related to the January 1, 2020 adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.
Note 7: Contract Assets and Liabilities
Contract assets reflect revenue recognized and performance obligations satisfied in advance of customer billing. Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance under the contract. We receive payments from customers based on the terms established in our contracts. Total contract assets and contract liabilities as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as follows:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Contract assets | $ | 10,899 |  |  | $ | 9,931 |
Contract liabilities | (12,543) |  |  | (12,889) |
Net contract liabilities | $ | (1,644) |  |  | $ | (2,958) |

Contract assets increased $968 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to sales in excess of billings at Pratt & Whitney and contractual billing terms on U.S. government and foreign military sales contracts at RMD. Contract liabilities decreased $346 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 primarily due to $364 million of contract liability reduction related to a contract termination at Collins Aerospace in the second quarter of 2021, revenue recognized on certain U.S. government contracts with milestone payments at RIS and revenue recognized on certain international contracts with advances at RMD, partially offset by billings in excess of sales at Pratt & Whitney. We recognized revenue of $960 million and $3,686 million during the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, related to contract liabilities as of January 1, 2021 and $480 million and $2,288 million during the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, related to contract liabilities as of January 1, 2020.
As of September 30, 2021, our contract liabilities include approximately $440 million of advance payments received from a Middle East customer on contracts for which we no longer believe we will be able to execute on or obtain required regulatory approvals. These advance payments may become refundable to the customer if the contracts are ultimately terminated.
Contract assets include an allowance for credit losses of $250 million and $177 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Note 8: Inventory, net

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Raw materials | $ | 2,989 |  |  | $ | 3,015 |
Work-in-process | 3,295 |  |  | 2,924 |
Finished goods | 3,142 |  |  | 3,472 |
Total inventory, net | $ | 9,426 |  |  | $ | 9,411 |

Raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods are net of total valuation reserves of $1,943 million and $1,788 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
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Note 9: Borrowings and Lines of Credit

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Commercial paper | $ | 160 |  |  | $ | 160 |
Other borrowings | 46 |  |  | 87 |
Total short-term borrowings | $ | 206 |  |  | $ | 247 |

As of September 30, 2021, our maximum commercial paper borrowing limit was $5.0 billion as the commercial paper is backed by our $5.0 billion revolving credit agreement. We use our commercial paper borrowings for general corporate purposes, including the funding of potential acquisitions, pension contributions, debt refinancing, dividend payments and repurchases of our common stock. The commercial paper notes outstanding have original maturities of not more than 90 days from the date of issuance.
In May 2021, we renewed our $2.0 billion revolving credit agreement, which now expires in May 2022. As of September 30, 2021, we had revolving credit agreements with various banks permitting aggregate borrowings of up to $7.0 billion consisting of a $5.0 billion revolving credit agreement that became available upon completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, and the $2.0 billion revolving credit agreement, and there were no borrowings outstanding under these agreements.
In June 2020, we completed an exchange offer of outstanding subsidiary notes with an aggregate principal amount of approximately $8.2 billion in exchange for approximately $8.2 billion of Raytheon Technologies notes with identical interest rates, maturity dates, and redemption provisions.
In preparation for and in anticipation of the Separation Transactions and Distributions, the Company, Carrier and Otis issued and the Company repaid long-term debt in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, which are included in the tables below.
We had the following issuances of long-term debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, which is inclusive of issuances made by Carrier and Otis prior to the Distributions, the proceeds of which were primarily used by the Company to extinguish Raytheon Technologies short-term and long-term debt, and therefore, these issuances were treated as a distribution from discontinued operations within financing activities from continuing operations on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows:

Issuance Date | Description of Notes | Aggregate Principal Balance (in millions) |
August 10, 2021 | 1.900% notes due 2031 (1) | $ | 1,000 |  |
| 2.820% notes due 2051 (1) | 1,000 |  |
May 18, 2020 | 2.250% notes due 2030 | 1,000 |  |
| 3.125% notes due 2050 | 1,000 |  |
March 27, 2020 | Term Loan due 2023 (Otis) (2) | 1,000 |  |
| Term Loan due 2023 (Carrier) (2) | 1,750 |  |
February 27, 2020 | 1.923% notes due 2023 (2) | 500 |  |
| LIBOR plus 0.450% floating rate notes due 2023 (2) | 500 |  |
| 2.056% notes due 2025 (2) | 1,300 |  |
| 2.242% notes due 2025 (2) | 2,000 |  |
| 2.293% notes due 2027 (2) | 500 |  |
| 2.493% notes due 2027 (2) | 1,250 |  |
| 2.565% notes due 2030 (2) | 1,500 |  |
| 2.722% notes due 2030 (2) | 2,000 |  |
| 3.112% notes due 2040 (2) | 750 |  |
| 3.377% notes due 2040 (2) | 1,500 |  |
| 3.362% notes due 2050 (2) | 750 |  |
| 3.577% notes due 2050 (2) | 2,000 |  |

(1) The net proceeds received from these debt issuances, along with cash on hand, were used to fund the repayment of our 2.800% and 2.500% notes due 2022.
(2) The debt issuances and term loan draws reflect debt incurred by Carrier and Otis. The net proceeds of these issuances were primarily utilized to extinguish Raytheon Technologies short-term and long-term debt in order to not exceed the maximum applicable net indebtedness required by the Raytheon Merger Agreement.
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We made the following repayments of long-term debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:

Repayment Date | Description of Notes | Aggregate Principal Balance (in millions)
August 26, 2021 | 2.800% notes due 2022 | $ | 1,100 |
| 2.500% notes due 2022 | 1,100 |
March 1, 2021 | 8.750% notes due 2021 | 250 |
May 19, 2020 | 3.650% notes due 2023 (1)(2) | 410 |
May 15, 2020 | EURIBOR plus 0.20% floating rate notes due 2020 (€750 million principal value)(2) | 817 |
March 29, 2020 | 4.500% notes due 2020 (1)(2) | 1,250 |
| 1.125% notes due 2021 (€950 million principal value) (1)(2) | 1,082 |
| 1.250% notes due 2023 (€750 million principal value) (1)(2) | 836 |
| 1.150% notes due 2024 (€750 million principal value) (1)(2) | 841 |
| 1.875% notes due 2026 (€500 million principal value) (1)(2) | 567 |
March 3, 2020 | 1.900% notes due 2020 (1)(2) | 1,000 |
| 3.350% notes due 2021 (1)(2) | 1,000 |
| LIBOR plus 0.650% floating rate notes due 2021 (1)(2) | 750 |
| 1.950% notes due 2021 (1)(2) | 750 |
| 2.300% notes due 2022 (1)(2) | 500 |
| 3.100% notes due 2022 (1)(2) | 2,300 |
| 2.800% notes due 2024 (1)(2) | 800 |
March 2, 2020 | 4.875% notes due 2020 (1)(2) | 171 |
February 28, 2020 | 3.650% notes due 2023 (1)(2) | 1,669 |
| 2.650% notes due 2026 (1)(2) | 431 |

(1) In connection with the early repayment of outstanding principal, Raytheon Technologies recorded debt extinguishment costs of $703 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, which are classified as discontinued operations in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as we would not have had to redeem the debt, except for the Separation Transactions. No proceeds of the notes issued May 18, 2020 were used to fund the May 19, 2020 redemption.
(2) Extinguishment of Raytheon Technologies short-term and long-term debt in order to not exceed the maximum net indebtedness required by the Raytheon Merger Agreement.
Long-term debt consisted of the following:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
8.750% notes due 2021 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 250 |
3.100% notes due 2021 (1) | 250 |  |  | 250 |
2.800% notes due 2022 (1) | — |  |  | 1,100 |
2.500% notes due 2022 (1) (2) | — |  |  | 1,100 |
3.650% notes due 2023 (1) | 171 |  |  | 171 |
3.700% notes due 2023 (1) | 400 |  |  | 400 |
3.200% notes due 2024 (1) | 950 |  |  | 950 |
3.150% notes due 2024 (1) (2) | 300 |  |  | 300 |
3.950% notes due 2025 (1) | 1,500 |  |  | 1,500 |
2.650% notes due 2026 (1) | 719 |  |  | 719 |
3.125% notes due 2027 (1) | 1,100 |  |  | 1,100 |
3.500% notes due 2027 (1) | 1,300 |  |  | 1,300 |
7.200% notes due 2027 (1) (2) | 382 |  |  | 382 |
7.100% notes due 2027 | 141 |  |  | 141 |
6.700% notes due 2028 | 400 |  |  | 400 |
7.000% notes due 2028 (1) (2) | 185 |  |  | 185 |
4.125% notes due 2028 (1) | 3,000 |  |  | 3,000 |

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7.500% notes due 2029 (1) | 550 |  |  | 550 |
2.150% notes due 2030 (€500 million principal value) (1) | 585 |  |  | 612 |
2.250% notes due 2030 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |
1.900% notes due 2031 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | — |
5.400% notes due 2035 (1) | 600 |  |  | 600 |
6.050% notes due 2036 (1) | 600 |  |  | 600 |
6.800% notes due 2036 (1) | 134 |  |  | 134 |
7.000% notes due 2038 | 159 |  |  | 159 |
6.125% notes due 2038 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |
4.450% notes due 2038 (1) | 750 |  |  | 750 |
5.700% notes due 2040 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |
4.875% notes due 2040 (1) (2) | 600 |  |  | 600 |
4.700% notes due 2041 (1) (2) | 425 |  |  | 425 |
4.500% notes due 2042 (1) | 3,500 |  |  | 3,500 |
4.800% notes due 2043 (1) | 400 |  |  | 400 |
4.200% notes due 2044 (1) (2) | 300 |  |  | 300 |
4.150% notes due 2045 (1) | 850 |  |  | 850 |
3.750% notes due 2046 (1) | 1,100 |  |  | 1,100 |
4.050% notes due 2047 (1) | 600 |  |  | 600 |
4.350% notes due 2047 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |
4.625% notes due 2048 (1) | 1,750 |  |  | 1,750 |
3.125% notes due 2050 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | 1,000 |
2.820% notes due 2051 (1) | 1,000 |  |  | — |
Other (including finance leases) | 272 |  |  | 292 |
Total principal long-term debt | 30,973 |  |  | 31,470 |
Other (fair market value adjustments, (discounts)/premiums, and debt issuance costs) | 69 |  |  | 106 |
Total long-term debt | 31,042 |  |  | 31,576 |
Less: current portion | 274 |  |  | 550 |
Long-term debt, net of current portion | $ | 30,768 |  |  | $ | 31,026 |

(1) We may redeem these notes at our option pursuant to their terms.
(2) Debt assumed in the Raytheon Merger.
The average maturity of our long-term debt at September 30, 2021 is approximately 15 years. The average interest expense rate on our total borrowings for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Average interest expense rate | 4.2 | % |  | 4.2 | % |  | 4.1 | % |  | 4.0 | %

Note 10: Employee Benefit Plans
Pension and Postretirement Plans. We sponsor both funded and unfunded domestic and foreign defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit (PRB) plans and defined contribution plans.
On April 3, 2020, UTC completed the Separation Transactions, which included the transfer of certain defined benefit plans from UTC to Carrier and Otis. The plans transferred were primarily international plans with the majority of the UTC defined benefit liability remaining with Raytheon Technologies. Upon separation, the pension participants within Carrier and Otis were effectively terminated from Raytheon Technologies. The terminations triggered a mid-year remeasurement of the UTC domestic plans. The remeasurement, which was calculated using discount rates and asset values as of April 3, 2020 (using March 31, 2020 as a practical expedient), resulted in a $2.4 billion increase to our pension liability in the quarter ended June 30, 2020, primarily due to a decrease in the fair market value of the plans’ assets since December 31, 2019. All service cost previously associated with Carrier and Otis was reclassified to discontinued operations. For non-service pension (income)
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expense and pension liabilities, generally only the portions related to the defined benefit plans transferred to Carrier and Otis as part of the Separation Transactions were reclassified to discontinued operations.
Raytheon Company has both funded and unfunded domestic and foreign defined benefit pension and PRB plans. As of the merger date, the Raytheon Company plans were remeasured at fair value using accounting policies consistent with the UTC plans. The deferred pension and PRB plan losses included in Raytheon Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of the merger date were eliminated and are no longer subject to amortization in net periodic benefit (income) expense. Amounts prior to the merger date of April 3, 2020 do not include the Raytheon Company pension and PRB plan results.
Contributions to our plans were as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
U.S. qualified defined benefit plans | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
International defined benefit plans | 8 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 56 |
PRB plans | 5 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 8 |
Defined contribution plans | 221 |  |  | 228 |  |  | 730 |  |  | 668 |

The amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet consist of:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Noncurrent pension assets (included in Other assets) | $ | 1,389 |  |  | $ | 424 |
Current pension and PRB liabilities (included in Accrued employee compensation) | 314 |  |  | 314 |
Future pension and postretirement benefit obligations | 9,742 |  |  | 10,342 |

The amounts recognized in Future pension and postretirement benefit obligations consist of:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Noncurrent pension liabilities | $ | 8,638 |  |  | $ | 9,131 |
Noncurrent PRB liabilities | 1,039 |  |  | 1,072 |
Other pension and PRB related items | 65 |  |  | 139 |
Future pension and postretirement benefit obligations | $ | 9,742 |  |  | $ | 10,342 |

The following table illustrates the components of net periodic benefit (income) expense for our defined pension and PRB plans:

| Pension Benefits Quarter Ended September 30, |  | PRB Quarter Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 149 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 2 |
Non-operating expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest cost | 312 |  |  | 465 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 10 |
Expected return on plan assets | (869) |  |  | (827) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (4) |
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) | (42) |  |  | 13 |  |  | (1) |  |  | (1) |
Recognized actuarial net loss (gain) | 109 |  |  | 86 |  |  | (2) |  |  | (3) |
Net settlement, curtailment and special termination benefit loss | 1 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-service pension (income) expense | (489) |  |  | (255) |  |  | (2) |  |  | 2 |
Total net periodic benefit (income) expense | $ | (358) |  |  | $ | (106) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4 |

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| Pension Benefits Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | PRB Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $ | 393 |  |  | $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Non-operating expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest cost | 937 |  |  | 1,170 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 26 |
Expected return on plan assets | (2,608) |  |  | (2,162) |  |  | (15) |  |  | (9) |
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) | (126) |  |  | 39 |  |  | (3) |  |  | (3) |
Recognized actuarial net loss (gain) | 327 |  |  | 255 |  |  | (6) |  |  | (9) |
Net settlement, curtailment and special termination benefit loss | 4 |  |  | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-service pension (income) expense | (1,466) |  |  | (663) |  |  | (6) |  |  | 5 |
Total net periodic benefit (income) expense | $ | (1,073) |  |  | $ | (335) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10 |

We have set aside assets in separate trusts, which we expect to be used to pay for certain nonqualified defined benefit and defined contribution plan obligations in excess of qualified plan limits. These assets are included in Other assets in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of marketable securities held in trusts was as follows:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Marketable securities held in trusts | $ | 965 |  |  | $ | 881 |

Note 11: Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 0.2% and 45.1% in the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Tax expense in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 includes deferred tax benefits of $244 million associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations implemented in the third quarter. Tax expense in the quarter ended September 30, 2020 includes tax charges incremental to the U.S. statutory rate of $206 million associated with the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses, as described in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets.”
Our effective tax rate was 17.0% and (31.5)% in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Tax expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 includes deferred tax benefits of $244 million associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations implemented in the third quarter, tax charges of $148 million associated with the sale of the Forcepoint business and tax charges of $73 million associated with the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from the increase in the United Kingdom (U.K.) corporate tax rate to 25% effective in 2023. The loss from continuing operations before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes the $3.2 billion goodwill impairment as described in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets,” most of which is non-deductible for tax purposes. Tax expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes tax charges of $430 million resulting from the Separation Transactions or the Raytheon Merger, primarily related to the impairment of deferred tax assets and the revaluation of certain international tax incentives, and $228 million of tax charges incremental to the U.S. statutory rate associated with the sales of the Collins Aerospace and RIS businesses.
We conduct business globally and, as a result, Raytheon Technologies or one or more of our subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as Canada, China, France, Germany, Poland, India, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations for years before 2012.
In the ordinary course of business, there is inherent uncertainty in quantifying our income tax positions. We assess our income tax positions and record tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon management’s evaluation of the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. It is reasonably possible that a net reduction within the range of $45 million to $440 million of unrecognized tax benefits may occur within the next 12 months as a result of the revaluation of uncertain tax positions arising from the issuance of legislation, regulatory or other guidance or developments in examinations, in appeals, or in the courts, or the closure of tax statutes. Interest recognized during the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $9 million and $12 million, respectively. Interest recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and
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2020 was $28 million and $33 million, respectively. Accrued interest on unrecognized tax benefits was $158 million and $141 million, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Management has determined that the distributions of Carrier and Otis on April 3, 2020, and certain related internal business separation transactions, qualified as tax-free under applicable law. In making these determinations, we applied the tax law in the relevant jurisdictions to our facts and circumstances and obtained tax rulings from the relevant taxing authorities, tax opinions, and/or other external tax advice related to the concluded tax treatment. If the completed distributions of Carrier or Otis, in each case, or certain internal business separation transactions, were to fail to qualify for tax-free treatment, the Company could be subject to significant liabilities, and there could be material adverse impacts on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in future reporting periods.
The Examination Division of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is currently auditing Raytheon Technologies tax years 2017 and 2018 and pre-merger Raytheon Company tax periods 2017, 2018 and 2019 as well as certain refund claims of Raytheon Company for tax years 2014, 2015 and 2016 filed prior to the Raytheon Merger.
The Examination Division of the IRS is also auditing pre-acquisition Rockwell Collins fiscal tax years 2016 and 2017, which is projected to close in the next six to nine months. As a result of the projected closure of the audit of Rockwell Collins fiscal tax years 2016 and 2017, it is reasonably possible that the Company may recognize non-cash gains in the range of $20 million to $100 million in the next six to nine months.
Note 12: Restructuring Costs
Restructuring costs are generally expensed as incurred. All U.S. government unallowable restructuring costs related to the Raytheon Merger are recorded within Corporate expenses and other unallocated items, as these costs are not included in management’s evaluation of the segments’ performance, and as a result, there are no unallowable restructuring costs at the RIS and RMD segments. During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs totaling $19 million and $118 million, respectively, for new and ongoing restructuring actions.
We recorded charges in the segments as follows:

(dollars in millions) | Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Pratt & Whitney | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 6 |
Collins Aerospace Systems | 2 |  |  | 32 |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items | 15 |  |  | 80 |
Total | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 118 |

Restructuring charges incurred during the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021 primarily relate to actions initiated during 2021 and 2020, and were recorded as follows:

(dollars in millions) | Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Cost of sales | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 25 |
Selling, general and administrative | 15 |  |  | 93 |
Total | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 118 |

2021 Actions. During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs of $12 million, comprised of $5 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses and $7 million in Cost of sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring costs of $113 million, comprised of $81 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses and $32 million in Cost of sales. The 2021 actions primarily consist of severance costs related to ongoing cost reduction efforts, and to a much lesser extent, the exit and consolidation of facilities.
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The following table summarizes the accrual balance and utilization for the 2021 restructuring actions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021:

(dollars in millions) |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at January 1, 2021 |  | $ | — |
Net pre-tax restructuring costs |  | 113 |
Utilization, foreign exchange and other costs |  | (37) |
Balance at September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 76 |

The following table summarizes expected, incurred and remaining costs for the 2021 restructuring actions by segment:

(dollars in millions) | Expected Costs |  | Costs Incurred Quarter Ended March 31, 2021 |  | Costs Incurred Quarter Ended June 30, 2021 |  | Costs Incurred Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  | Remaining Costs at September 30, 2021
Pratt & Whitney | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | (20) |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | 35 |
Collins Aerospace Systems | 67 |  |  | (16) |  |  | (3) |  |  | (9) |  |  | 39 |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items | 62 |  |  | — |  |  | (60) |  |  | (2) |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 187 |  |  | $ | (36) |  |  | $ | (65) |  |  | $ | (12) |  |  | $ | 74 |

We are targeting to complete the majority of the remaining workforce and facility related cost reduction actions during the remainder of 2021 and 2022.
2020 Actions. During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a net $1 million of pre-tax restructuring costs for restructuring actions initiated in 2020, comprised of $7 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses and a reversal of $6 million in Cost of sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we reversed $19 million net pre-tax restructuring costs for restructuring actions initiated in 2020, including a reversal of $5 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses and a reversal of $14 million in Cost of sales. The 2020 actions primarily consist of severance costs principally related to restructuring actions at Pratt & Whitney and Collins Aerospace in response to the impact on our operating results related to the economic environment primarily caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, actions at Corporate related to the Raytheon Merger, and ongoing cost reduction efforts including workforce reductions, and to a lesser extent, consolidation of field operations.
The following table summarizes the accrual balances and utilization for the 2020 restructuring actions for the nine months ended September 30, 2021:

(dollars in millions) |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at January 1, 2021 |  | $ | 340 |
Net pre-tax restructuring costs |  | (19) |
Utilization, foreign exchange and other costs |  | (245) |
Balance at September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 76 |

The following table summarizes expected, incurred, and remaining costs for the 2020 restructuring actions by segment:

(dollars in millions) | Expected Costs |  | Costs Incurred in 2020 |  | Costs (Incurred) Reversed Quarter Ended March 31, 2021 |  | Costs (Incurred) Reversed Quarter Ended June 30, 2021 |  | Costs (Incurred) Reversed Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  | Remaining Costs at September 30, 2021
Pratt & Whitney | $ | 188 |  |  | $ | (205) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Collins Aerospace Systems | 320 |  |  | (333) |  |  | 1 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 7 |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items | 250 |  |  | (232) |  |  | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | (13) |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 758 |  |  | $ | (770) |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | 7 |

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2019 and Prior Actions. During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we had net pre-tax restructuring costs of $6 million and $24 million, respectively, for restructuring actions initiated in 2019 and prior. As of September 30, 2021, we have approximately $28 million of accrual balances remaining related to 2019 and prior actions.
Note 13: Financial Instruments
We enter into derivative instruments primarily for risk management purposes, including derivatives designated as hedging instruments and those utilized as economic hedges. We operate internationally and, in the normal course of business, are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices. These fluctuations can increase the costs of financing, investing and operating the business. We have used derivative instruments, including swaps, forward contracts and options, to manage certain foreign currency, interest rate and commodity price exposures.
The aggregate notional amount of our outstanding foreign currency hedges was $9.0 billion and $11.6 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet for derivative instruments as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

(dollars in millions) | Balance Sheet Location | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts | Other assets, current | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 197 |
| Other accrued liabilities | 111 |  |  | 66 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts | Other assets, current | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 44 |
| Other accrued liabilities | 22 |  |  | 32 |

The effect of cash flow hedging relationships on Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are presented in the table below. The amounts of gain or loss are attributable to foreign exchange contract activity and are primarily recorded as a component of Products sales when reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Gain (loss) recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (175) |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | (113) |  |  | $ | (98) |
(Gain) loss reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss | 8 |  |  | 37 |  |  | (26) |  |  | 93 |

The Company utilizes the critical terms match method in assessing derivatives for hedge effectiveness. Accordingly, the hedged items and derivatives designated as hedging instruments are highly effective.
As of September 30, 2021, we have €500 million of euro-denominated long-term debt outstanding, which qualifies as a net investment hedge against our investments in European businesses, which is deemed to be effective.
Assuming current market conditions continue, $3 million of pre-tax losses are expected to be reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss to reflect the fixed prices obtained from foreign exchange hedging within the next 12 months. At September 30, 2021, all derivative contracts accounted for as cash flow hedges will m ature by January 2028.
The effect of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments within Other income, net, on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations was as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Gain (loss) on non-designated foreign exchange contracts | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | (9) |  |  | $ | (33) |

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Note 14: Fair Value Measurements
The following tables provide the valuation hierarchy classification of assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

| September 30, 2021
(dollars in millions) | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Recurring fair value measurements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable securities held in trusts | $ | 965 |  |  | $ | 890 |  |  | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative assets | 103 |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |  |  | — |
Derivative liabilities | (133) |  |  | — |  |  | (133) |  |  | — |

| December 31, 2020
(dollars in millions) | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Recurring fair value measurements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable securities held in trusts | $ | 881 |  |  | $ | 773 |  |  | $ | 108 |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative assets | 241 |  |  | — |  |  | 241 |  |  | — |
Derivative liabilities | (98) |  |  | — |  |  | (98) |  |  | — |

Valuation Techniques. Our derivative assets and liabilities include foreign exchange contracts that are measured at fair value using internal models based on observable market inputs such as forward rates, interest rates, our own credit risk and our counterparties’ credit risks.
As of September 30, 2021, there has not been any significant impact to the fair value of our derivative liabilities due to our own credit risk. Similarly, there has not been any significant adverse impact to our derivative assets based on our evaluation of our counterparties’ credit risks.
The following table provides carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments that are not carried at fair value in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
(dollars in millions) | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
Customer financing notes receivable | $ | 299 |  |  | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | 271 |  |  | $ | 264 |
Short-term borrowings | (206) |  |  | (206) |  |  | (247) |  |  | (247) |
Long-term debt (excluding finance leases) | (30,942) |  |  | (36,200) |  |  | (31,512) |  |  | (38,615) |
Long-term liabilities | (35) |  |  | (33) |  |  | (27) |  |  | (25) |

The following table provides the valuation hierarchy classification of assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

| September 30, 2021
(dollars in millions) | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Customer financing notes receivable | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | — |
Short-term borrowings | (206) |  |  | — |  |  | (160) |  |  | (46) |
Long-term debt (excluding finance leases) | (36,200) |  |  | — |  |  | (36,147) |  |  | (53) |
Long-term liabilities | (33) |  |  | — |  |  | (33) |  |  | — |

| December 31, 2020
(dollars in millions) | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Customer financing notes receivable | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | — |
Short-term borrowings | (247) |  |  | — |  |  | (160) |  |  | (87) |
Long-term debt (excluding finance leases) | (38,615) |  |  | — |  |  | (38,540) |  |  | (75) |
Long-term liabilities | (25) |  |  | — |  |  | (25) |  |  | — |

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Note 15: Variable Interest Entities
Pratt & Whitney holds a 61% program share interest in the International Aero Engines AG (IAE) collaboration with MTU Aero Engines AG (MTU) and Japanese Aero Engines Corporation (JAEC) and a 49.5% ownership interest in IAE. IAE’s business purpose is to coordinate the design, development, manufacturing and product support of the V2500 engine program through involvement with the collaborators. Additionally, Pratt & Whitney, JAEC and MTU are participants in International Aero Engines, LLC (IAE LLC), whose business purpose is to coordinate the design, development, manufacturing and product support for the PW1100G-JM engine for the Airbus A320neo aircraft and the PW1400G-JM engine for the Irkut MC-21 aircraft. Pratt & Whitney holds a 59% program share interest and a 59% ownership interest in IAE LLC. IAE and IAE LLC retain limited equity with the primary economics of the programs passed to the participants. As such, we have determined that IAE and IAE LLC are variable interest entities with Pratt & Whitney the primary beneficiary. IAE and IAE LLC have, therefore, been consolidated. The carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities for variable interest entities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet are as follows:

(dollars in millions) | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Current assets | $ | 7,026 |  |  | $ | 6,652 |
Noncurrent assets | 826 |  |  | 868 |
Total assets | $ | 7,852 |  |  | $ | 7,520 |
Current liabilities | $ | 7,664 |  |  | $ | 7,365 |
Noncurrent liabilities | 72 |  |  | 89 |
Total liabilities | $ | 7,736 |  |  | $ | 7,454 |

Note 16: Guarantees
We extend a variety of financial, market value and product performance guarantees to third parties. These instruments expire on various dates through 2024. Additional guarantees of project performance for which there is no stated value also remain outstanding. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the following guarantees were outstanding:

| September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
(dollars in millions) | Maximum Potential Payment |  | Carrying Amount of Liability |  | Maximum Potential Payment |  | Carrying Amount of Liability
Commercial aerospace financing arrangements | $ | 314 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 322 |  |  | $ | 6 |
Third party guarantees | 376 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 386 |  |  | 3 |

We have made residual value and other guarantees related to various commercial aerospace customer financing arrangements. The estimated fair market values of the guaranteed assets equal or exceed the value of the related guarantees, net of existing reserves. Collaboration partners’ share of these financing guarantees is $144 million and $142 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
We also have obligations arising from sales of certain businesses and assets, including those from representations and warranties and related indemnities for environmental, health and safety, tax and employment matters. The maximum potential payment related to these obligations is not a specified amount as a number of the obligations do not contain financial caps. The carrying amount of liabilities related to these obligations was $114 million and $120 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. For additional information regarding the environmental indemnifications, see “Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies.”
We accrue for costs associated with guarantees when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The most likely cost to be incurred is accrued based on an evaluation of currently available facts, and where no amount within a range of estimates is more likely, the minimum is accrued.
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We also provide service and warranty policies on our products and extend performance and operating cost guarantees beyond our normal service and warranty policies on some of our products, particularly commercial aircraft engines. In addition, we incur discretionary costs to service our products in connection with specific product performance issues. Liabilities for performance and operating cost guarantees are based upon future product performance and durability, and are largely estimated based upon historical experience. Adjustments are made to accruals as claims data and historical experience warrant. The changes in the carrying amount of service and product warranties and product performance guarantees for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

(dollars in millions) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Balance as of January 1 |  | $ | 1,057 |  |  | $ | 1,033 |
Warranties and performance guarantees issued |  | 247 |  |  | 206 |
Settlements |  | (212) |  |  | (229) |
Other |  | (3) |  |  | (10) |
Balance as of September 30 |  | $ | 1,089 |  |  | $ | 1,000 |

Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies
Except as otherwise noted, while we are unable to predict the final outcome, based on information currently available, we do not believe that resolution of any of the following matters will have a material adverse effect upon our competitive position, financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.
Environmental. Our operations are subject to environmental regulation by federal, state and local authorities in the United States and regulatory authorities with jurisdiction over our foreign operations. We have accrued for the costs of environmental remediation activities, including but not limited to investigatory, remediation, operating and maintenance costs and performance guarantees, and periodically reassess these amounts. We believe that the likelihood of incurring losses materially in excess of amounts accrued is remote. At both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had $835 million reserved for environmental remediation.
Commercial Aerospace Financing and Other Commitments. We had commercial aerospace financing commitments and other contractual commitments of approximately $13.6 billion and $13.4 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, on a gross basis before reduction for our collaboration partners’ share. Aircraft financing commitments, in the form of debt or lease financing, are provided to certain commercial aerospace customers. The extent to which the financing commitments will be utilized is not currently known, since customers may be able to obtain more favorable terms from other financing sources. We may also arrange for third-party investors to assume a portion of these commitments. The majority of financing commitments are collateralized arrangements. We may also lease aircraft and subsequently sublease the aircraft to customers under long-term non-cancelable operating leases. Our financing commitments with customers are contingent upon maintenance of certain levels of financial condition by the customers. Associated risks on these commitments are mitigated due to the fact that interest rates are variable during the commitment term and are set at the date of funding based on current market conditions, the fair value of the underlying collateral and the credit worthiness of the customers. As a result, the fair value of these financing commitments is expected to equal the amounts funded.
In addition, in connection with our 2012 agreement to acquire Rolls-Royce’s ownership and collaboration interests in IAE, additional payments are due to Rolls-Royce contingent upon each hour flown through June 2027 by the V2500-powered aircraft in service as of the acquisition date. These flight hour payments, which are considered in other contractual commitments, are being capitalized as collaboration intangible assets.
Other Financing Arrangements. We have entered into standby letters of credit and surety bonds with financial institutions to meet various bid, performance, warranty, retention and advance payment obligations for us or our affiliates. We enter into these agreements to assist certain affiliates in obtaining financing on more favorable terms, making bids on contracts and performing their contractual obligations. The stated values of these letters of credit agreements and surety bonds totaled $4.0 billion as of September 30, 2021.
Offset Obligations. We have entered into industrial cooperation agreements, sometimes in the form of either offset agreements or ICIP agreements, as a condition to obtaining orders for our products and services from certain customers in foreign countries. At September 30, 2021, the aggregate amount of our offset agreements, both agreed to and anticipated to be agreed to, had an outstanding notional value of approximately $11.3 billion. These agreements are designed to return economic value to the foreign country by requiring us to engage in activities supporting local defense or commercial industries, promoting a balance of trade, developing in-country technology capabilities or addressing other local development priorities. Offset agreements may
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be satisfied through activities that do not require a direct cash payment, including transferring technology, providing manufacturing, training and other consulting support to in-country projects, and the purchase by third parties (e.g., our vendors) of supplies from in-country vendors. These agreements may also be satisfied through our use of cash for activities such as subcontracting with local partners, purchasing supplies from in-country vendors, providing financial support for in-country projects and making investments in local ventures. Such activities may also vary by country depending upon requirements as dictated by their governments. We typically do not commit to offset agreements until orders for our products or services are definitive. The amounts ultimately applied against our offset agreements are based on negotiations with the customers and typically require cash outlays that represent only a fraction of the notional value in the offset agreements. Offset programs usually extend over several or more years and may provide for penalties in the event we fail to perform in accordance with offset requirements. Historically, we have not been required to pay any penalties of significance.
Government Oversight. In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries and our properties are subject to regulatory and governmental examinations, information gathering requests, inquiries, investigations and threatened legal actions and proceedings. For example, we are now, and believe that, in light of the current U.S. government contracting environment, we will continue to be the subject of one or more U.S. government investigations. Our contracts with the U.S. government are also subject to audits. Agencies that oversee contract performance include: the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA), the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA), the Inspectors General of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and other departments and agencies, the Government Accountability Office (GAO), the Department of Justice (DOJ), and Congressional Committees. Other areas of our business operations may also be subject to audit and investigation by these and other agencies. From time to time, agencies investigate or conduct audits to determine whether our operations are being conducted in accordance with applicable requirements. Such investigations and audits may be initiated due to a number of reasons, including as a result of a whistleblower complaint. Such investigations and audits could result in administrative, civil or criminal liabilities, including repayments, fines, treble or other damages, forfeitures, restitution, or penalties being imposed upon us, the suspension of government export licenses or the suspension or debarment from future U.S. government contracting. U.S. government investigations often take years to complete. The U.S. government also reserves the right to debar a contractor from receiving new government contracts for fraudulent, criminal or other seriously improper conduct. The U.S. government could void any contracts found to be tainted by fraud. Like many defense contractors, we have received audit reports recommending the reduction of certain contract prices because, for example, cost or pricing data or cost accounting practices used to price and negotiate those contracts may not have conformed to government regulations. Some of these audit reports recommend that certain payments be repaid, delayed, or withheld, and may involve substantial amounts. We have made voluntary refunds in those cases we believe appropriate, have settled some allegations and, in some cases, continue to negotiate and/or litigate. The Company may be, and in some cases has been, required to make payments into escrow of disputed liabilities while the related litigation is pending. If the litigation is resolved in the Company’s favor, any such payments will be returned to the Company with interest. Our final allowable incurred costs for each year are also subject to audit and have, from time to time, resulted in disputes between us and the U.S. government, with litigation resulting at the Court of Federal Claims (COFC) or the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA) or their related courts of appeals. In addition, the DOJ has, from time to time, convened grand juries to investigate possible irregularities by us. We also provide products and services to customers outside of the U.S., and those sales are subject to local government laws, regulations and procurement policies and practices. Our compliance with such local government regulations or any applicable U.S. government regulations (e.g., the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)) may also be investigated or audited. In addition, we accrue for liabilities associated with those matters that are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The most likely liability amount to be incurred is accrued based upon a range of estimates. Where no amount within a range of estimates is more likely, then we accrue the minimum amount. Other than as specifically disclosed in this Form 10-Q, we do not expect these audits, investigations or disputes to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity, either individually or in the aggregate.
Legal Proceedings. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to various contract pricing disputes, government investigations and litigation matters across jurisdictions, updates to certain of which are set forth below.
Cost Accounting Standards Claims
As previously disclosed, in April 2019, a Divisional Administrative Contracting Officer (DACO) of the United States DCMA asserted a claim against Pratt & Whitney to recover overpayments of approximately $1.73 billion plus interest ($711 million at September 30, 2021). The claim is based on Pratt & Whitney’s alleged noncompliance with Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) from January 1, 2007 to March 31, 2019, due to its method of allocating independent research and development costs to government contracts. Pratt & Whitney believes that the claim is without merit and filed an appeal to the ASBCA on June 7, 2019.
As previously disclosed, in December 2013, a DCMA DACO asserted a claim against Pratt & Whitney to recover overpayments of approximately $177 million plus interest ($116 million at September 30, 2021). The claim is based on Pratt &
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Whitney’s alleged noncompliance with CAS from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2012, due to its method of determining the cost of collaborator parts used in the calculation of material overhead costs for government contracts. In 2014, Pratt & Whitney filed an appeal to the ASBCA. An evidentiary hearing was held and completed in June 2019. The parties concluded post-hearing briefing in January 2020, and now await a decision from the ASBCA. We continue to believe that the claim is without merit. In December 2018, a DCMA DACO issued a second claim against Pratt & Whitney that similarly alleges that its method of determining the cost of collaborator parts does not comply with the CAS for calendar years 2013 through 2017. This second claim demands payment of $269 million plus interest ($77 million at September 30, 2021), which we also believe is without merit and which Pratt & Whitney appealed to the ASBCA in January 2019.
Thales-Raytheon Systems Matter
As previously disclosed, in 2019, Raytheon Company received a subpoena from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seeking information in connection with an investigation into whether there were improper payments made by Thales-Raytheon Systems (TRS) or anyone acting on their behalf in connection with TRS or Raytheon Company contracts in certain Middle East countries since 2014. In the first quarter of 2020, the DOJ advised Raytheon Company it had opened a parallel investigation. In the third quarter of 2020, Raytheon Company received an additional subpoena from the SEC, seeking information and documents as part of its ongoing investigation. Raytheon Company maintains a rigorous anti-corruption compliance program, is cooperating fully with the SEC’s inquiry, and is examining whether there has been any conduct that is in violation of Raytheon Company policy. At this time, the Company is unable to predict the outcome of the SEC’s or DOJ’s inquiry. Based on the information available to date, however, we do not believe the results of this inquiry will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
DOJ Investigation, Contract Pricing Disputes and Related Civil Litigation
As previously disclosed, on October 8, 2020, the Company received a criminal subpoena from the DOJ seeking information and documents in connection with an investigation relating to financial accounting, internal controls over financial reporting, and cost reporting regarding Raytheon Company’s Missiles & Defense business (RMD) since 2009. The investigation involves multi-year contracts subject to governmental regulation, including potential civil defective pricing claims for three RMD contracts entered into between 2011 and 2013. As part of the same investigation, on March 24, 2021, the Company received a second criminal subpoena from the DOJ seeking documents relating to a different RMD contract entered into in 2017. We are cooperating fully with, and will continue to review the issues raised by, the DOJ’s ongoing investigation. Although we believe we have defenses to the potential claims, the Company has determined that there is a meaningful risk of civil liability for damages, interest and potential penalties. While the Company is unable to predict either the outcome of the criminal investigation or the outcome of any potential civil claims based on facts revealed in, or related to, the investigation, based on the information available to date, which may evolve as the investigation and our review of these matters continue, w e do not believe the results of the investigation or of any potential civil litigation will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Four shareholder lawsuits were filed against the Company after the DOJ investigation was first disclosed. A putative securities class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona against the Company and certain of its executives alleging that the defendants violated federal securities laws by making material misstatements in regulatory filings regarding internal controls over financial reporting in RMD. Three shareholder derivative lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware against the former Raytheon Company Board of Directors, the Company and certain of its executives, each alleging that defendants violated federal securities laws and breached their fiduciary duties by engaging in improper accounting practices, failing to implement sufficient internal financial and compliance controls, and making a series of false and misleading statements in regulatory filings. We believe that each of these lawsuits lacks merit.
Darnis, et al.
As previously disclosed, on August 12, 2020, several former employees of UTC or its subsidiaries filed a putative class action complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut against the Company, Otis, Carrier, the former members of the UTC Board of Directors, and the members of the Carrier and Otis Boards of Directors (Geraud Darnis, et al. v. Raytheon Technologies Corporation, et al.). The complaint challenged the method by which UTC equity awards were converted to Company, Otis, and Carrier equity awards following the separation of UTC into three independent, publicly-traded companies on April 3, 2020. The complaint also claimed that the defendants are liable for breach of certain equity compensation plans and also asserted claims under certain provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). On September 13, 2021, Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint which supersedes the initial complaint and continues to assert claims for breach of the equity compensation plans against the Company, Otis and Carrier, but no longer asserts ERISA claims. Further, no claim is made in the amended complaint against any current or former director of any of the three companies. Plaintiffs seek money damages, attorneys’ fees and other relief. We continue to believe that the Company has
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meritorious defenses to these claims. At this time, the Company is unable to predict the outcome; however, based on the information available to date, we do not believe that this matter will have a material adverse effect upon our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Where appropriate, we have recorded loss contingency accruals for the above-referenced matters, and the amount in aggregate is not material.
Other. As described in “Note 16: Guarantees,” we extend performance and operating cost guarantees beyond our normal warranty and service policies for extended periods on some of our products. We have accrued our estimate of the liability that may result under these guarantees and for service costs that are probable and can be reasonably estimated.
We also have other commitments and contingent liabilities related to legal proceedings, self-insurance programs and matters arising out of the normal course of business. We accrue contingencies based upon a range of possible outcomes. If no amount within this range is a better estimate than any other, then we accrue the minimum amount.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are also routinely defendants in, parties to or otherwise subject to many pending and threatened legal actions, claims, disputes and proceedings. These matters are often based on alleged violations of contract, product liability, warranty, regulatory, environmental, health and safety, employment, intellectual property, tax and other laws. In some instances, claims for substantial monetary damages are asserted against the Company and its subsidiaries and could result in fines, penalties, compensatory or treble damages or non-monetary relief. We do not believe that these matters will have a material adverse effect upon our competitive position, financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.
Note 18: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
A summary of the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 is provided below:

(dollars in millions) | Foreign Currency Translation |  | Defined Benefit Pension and Post-retirement Plans |  | Unrealized Hedging Gains (Losses) |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at June 30, 2021 | $ | 789 |  |  | $ | (4,402) |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | (3,555) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net | (321) |  |  | 22 |  |  | (175) |  |  | (474) |
Amounts reclassified, pre-tax | — |  |  | 64 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 72 |
Tax benefit (expense) | (5) |  |  | (16) |  |  | 39 |  |  | 18 |
Balance at September 30, 2021 | $ | 463 |  |  | $ | (4,332) |  |  | $ | (70) |  |  | $ | (3,939) |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | 710 |  |  | $ | (4,483) |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | (3,734) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net | (239) |  |  | (2) |  |  | (113) |  |  | (354) |
Amounts reclassified, pre-tax | — |  |  | 192 |  |  | (26) |  |  | 166 |
Tax benefit (expense) | (8) |  |  | (39) |  |  | 30 |  |  | (17) |
Balance at September 30, 2021 | $ | 463 |  |  | $ | (4,332) |  |  | $ | (70) |  |  | $ | (3,939) |

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(dollars in millions) | Foreign Currency Translation |  | Defined Benefit Pension and Post-retirement Plans |  | Unrealized Hedging Gains (Losses) |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Quarter Ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at June 30, 2020 | $ | (692) |  |  | $ | (7,827) |  |  | $ | (281) |  |  | $ | (8,800) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net | 605 |  |  | (12) |  |  | 117 |  |  | 710 |
Amounts reclassified, pre-tax | — |  |  | 95 |  |  | 37 |  |  | 132 |
Tax benefit (expense) | 7 |  |  | (22) |  |  | (39) |  |  | (54) |
Balance at September 30, 2020 | $ | (80) |  |  | $ | (7,766) |  |  | $ | (166) |  |  | $ | (8,012) |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | (3,211) |  |  | $ | (6,772) |  |  | $ | (166) |  |  | $ | (10,149) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net | (175) |  |  | (2,375) |  |  | (98) |  |  | (2,648) |
Amounts reclassified, pre-tax | — |  |  | 282 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 375 |
Tax benefit (expense) | 19 |  |  | 515 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 535 |
Separation of Carrier and Otis, net of tax | 3,287 |  |  | 584 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 3,875 |
Balance at September 30, 2020 | $ | (80) |  |  | $ | (7,766) |  |  | $ | (166) |  |  | $ | (8,012) |

Note 19: Segment Financial Data
Our operations, for the periods presented herein, are classified into four principal segments: Collins Aerospace, Pratt & Whitney, RIS and RMD. The segments are generally based on the management structure of the businesses and the grouping of similar operating companies, where each management organization has general operating autonomy over diversified products and services. The results of RIS and RMD reflect the period subsequent to the completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020.
As previously announced, effective January 1, 2021, we reorganized certain product areas of our RIS and RMD businesses to more efficiently leverage our capabilities. The amounts and presentation of our business segments, including intersegment activity, set forth in this Form 10-Q reflect this reorganization. The reorganization does not impact our previously reported Collins Aerospace Systems and Pratt & Whitney segment results, or our consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations or statements of cash flows.
Revised financial results for the fiscal quarters and year ended 2020 were as follows:

| 2020
(dollars in millions) | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | FY
Net Sales |  |  |  |  |
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 6,438 |  | $ | 4,202 |  | $ | 4,274 |  | $ | 4,374 |  | $ | 19,288 |
Pratt & Whitney | 5,353 |  | 3,487 |  | 3,494 |  | 4,465 |  | 16,799 |
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | — |  | 3,387 |  | 3,749 |  | 3,933 |  | 11,069 |
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | — |  | 3,506 |  | 3,706 |  | 4,184 |  | 11,396 |
Total segments | 11,791 |  | 14,582 |  | 15,223 |  | 16,956 |  | 58,552 |
Eliminations and other | (431) |  | (521) |  | (476) |  | (537) |  | (1,965) |
Consolidated | $ | 11,360 |  | $ | 14,061 |  | $ | 14,747 |  | $ | 16,419 |  | $ | 56,587 |

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Operating Profit (Loss) |  |  |  |  |
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 1,246 |  | $ | (317) |  | $ | 526 |  | $ | 11 |  | $ | 1,466 |
Pratt & Whitney | 475 |  | (457) |  | (615) |  | 33 |  | (564) |
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | — |  | 309 |  | 350 |  | 361 |  | 1,020 |
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | — |  | 398 |  | 449 |  | 33 |  | 880 |
Total segments | 1,721 |  | (67) |  | 710 |  | 438 |  | 2,802 |
Eliminations and other | (25) |  | (27) |  | (49) |  | (6) |  | (107) |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items | (130) |  | (277) |  | (84) |  | (99) |  | (590) |
FAS/CAS operating adjustment | — |  | 356 |  | 380 |  | 370 |  | 1,106 |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | (271) |  | (3,745) |  | (523) |  | (561) |  | (5,100) |
Consolidated | $ | 1,295 |  | $ | (3,760) |  | $ | 434 |  | $ | 142 |  | $ | (1,889) |
Segment Operating Profit (Loss) Margin |  |  |  |  |
Collins Aerospace Systems | 19.4 | % | (7.5) | % | 12.3 | % | 0.3 | % | 7.6 | %
Pratt & Whitney | 8.9 | % | (13.1) | % | (17.6) | % | 0.7 | % | (3.4) | %
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | NM | 9.1 | % | 9.3 | % | 9.2 | % | 9.2 | %
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | NM | 11.4 | % | 12.1 | % | 0.8 | % | 7.7 | %
Total segment | 14.6 | % | (0.5) | % | 4.7 | % | 2.6 | % | 4.8 | %

As a result of the Raytheon Merger, we now present a FAS/CAS operating adjustment outside of segment results, which represents the difference between the service cost component of our pension and PRB expense under the Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) requirements of U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and our pension and PRB expense under U.S. government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) primarily related to our RIS and RMD segments. While the ultimate liability for pension and PRB costs under FAS and CAS is similar, the pattern of cost recognition is different. We generally expect to recover the related RIS and RMD pension and PRB liabilities over time through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government. Because the Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments generally record pension and PRB expense on a FAS basis, historical results were not impacted by this change in segment reporting.
Total sales and operating profit by segment include inter-segment sales which are generally recorded at prices approximating those that the selling entity is able to obtain on external sales for our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments, and at cost-plus a specified fee, which may differ from what the selling entity would be able to obtain on sales to external customers, for our RIS and RMD segments. Results for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| Net Sales |  | Operating Profit (Loss) |  | Operating Profit (Loss) Margins
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 4,592 |  |  | $ | 4,274 |  |  | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 526 |  |  | 10.4 | % |  | 12.3 | %
Pratt & Whitney | 4,725 |  |  | 3,494 |  |  | 187 |  |  | (615) |  |  | 4.0 | % |  | (17.6) | %
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | 3,740 |  |  | 3,749 |  |  | 391 |  |  | 350 |  |  | 10.5 | % |  | 9.3 | %
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | 3,902 |  |  | 3,706 |  |  | 490 |  |  | 449 |  |  | 12.6 | % |  | 12.1 | %
Total segment | 16,959 |  |  | 15,223 |  |  | 1,546 |  |  | 710 |  |  | 9.1 | % |  | 4.7 | %
Eliminations and other(1) | (746) |  |  | (476) |  |  | (27) |  |  | (49) |  |  |  |  |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (89) |  |  | (84) |  |  |  |  |
FAS/CAS operating adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 499 |  |  | 380 |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | (586) |  |  | (523) |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 14,747 |  |  | $ | 1,343 |  |  | $ | 434 |  |  | 8.3 | % |  | 2.9 | %

(1) Includes the operating results of certain smaller non-reportable business segments. 2020 amounts include Forcepoint, which was acquired as part of the Raytheon Merger and subsequently disposed of on January 8, 2021.
(2) Corporate expenses and other unallocated items include the net expenses related to the U.S. Army’s Lower Tier Air and Missile Defense Sensor (LTAMDS) project.
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Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| Net Sales |  | Operating Profit (Loss) |  | Operating Profit (Loss) Margins
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 13,507 |  |  | $ | 14,914 |  |  | $ | 1,298 |  |  | $ | 1,455 |  |  | 9.6 | % |  | 9.8 | %
Pratt & Whitney | 13,035 |  |  | 12,334 |  |  | 319 |  |  | (597) |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | (4.8) | %
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | 11,310 |  |  | 7,136 |  |  | 1,194 |  |  | 659 |  |  | 10.6 | % |  | 9.2 | %
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | 11,680 |  |  | 7,212 |  |  | 1,518 |  |  | 847 |  |  | 13.0 | % |  | 11.7 | %
Total segment | 49,532 |  |  | 41,596 |  |  | 4,329 |  |  | 2,364 |  |  | 8.7 | % |  | 5.7 | %
Eliminations and other (1) | (2,188) |  |  | (1,428) |  |  | (98) |  |  | (101) |  |  |  |  |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (319) |  |  | (491) |  |  |  |  |
FAS/CAS operating adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,347 |  |  | 736 |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,621) |  |  | (4,539) |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 40,168 |  |  | $ | 3,638 |  |  | $ | (2,031) |  |  | 7.7 | % |  | (5.1) | %

(1) Includes the operating results of certain smaller non-reportable business segments. 2020 amounts include Forcepoint, which was acquired as part of the Raytheon Merger and subsequently disposed of on January 8, 2021.
(2) Corporate expenses and other unallocated items include the net expenses related to the U.S. Army’s LTAMDS project.
We disaggregate our contracts from customers by geographic location based on customer location, by customer and by sales type. Our geographic location based on customer location uses end user customer location where known or practical to determine, or in instances where the end user customer is not known or not practical to determine, we utilize “ship to” location as the customer location. In addition, for our RIS and RMD segments, we disaggregate our contracts from customers by contract type. We believe these categories best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Historical results have been recast to reflect the presentation of this disaggregation.
Segment sales disaggregated by geographic region for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total |  | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total
United States | $ | 2,334 |  | $ | 2,367 |  | $ | 2,977 |  | $ | 2,414 |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 10,096 |  |  | $ | 2,378 |  | $ | 1,856 |  | $ | 2,999 |  | $ | 2,224 |  | $ | 109 |  | $ | 9,566 |
Asia Pacific | 465 |  | 1,007 |  | 199 |  | 335 |  | — |  | 2,006 |  |  | 358 |  | 772 |  | 205 |  | 355 |  | 13 |  | 1,703 |
Middle East and North Africa | 136 |  | 127 |  | 105 |  | 772 |  | — |  | 1,140 |  |  | 97 |  | 112 |  | 133 |  | 703 |  | 10 |  | 1,055 |
Europe | 1,066 |  | 943 |  | 107 |  | 297 |  | (5) |  | 2,408 |  |  | 965 |  | 572 |  | 100 |  | 337 |  | 38 |  | 2,012 |
Canada and All Other | 226 |  | 281 |  | 39 |  | 17 |  | — |  | 563 |  |  | 165 |  | 179 |  | 29 |  | 29 |  | 9 |  | 411 |
Consolidated net sales | 4,227 |  | 4,725 |  | 3,427 |  | 3,835 |  | (1) |  | 16,213 |  |  | 3,963 |  | 3,491 |  | 3,466 |  | 3,648 |  | 179 |  | 14,747 |
Inter-segment sales | 365 |  | — |  | 313 |  | 67 |  | (745) |  | — |  |  | 311 |  | 3 |  | 283 |  | 58 |  | (655) |  | — |
Business segment sales | $ | 4,592 |  | $ | 4,725 |  | $ | 3,740 |  | $ | 3,902 |  | $ | (746) |  | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 4,274 |  | $ | 3,494 |  | $ | 3,749 |  | $ | 3,706 |  | $ | (476) |  | $ | 14,747 |

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Segment sales disaggregated by geographic region for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total |  | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total
United States | $ | 6,899 |  | $ | 6,665 |  | $ | 8,962 |  | $ | 7,156 |  | $ | 15 |  | $ | 29,697 |  |  | $ | 8,027 |  | $ | 6,103 |  | $ | 5,627 |  | $ | 4,311 |  | $ | 156 |  | $ | 24,224 |
Asia Pacific | 1,340 |  | 2,771 |  | 608 |  | 1,061 |  | — |  | 5,780 |  |  | 1,350 |  | 2,980 |  | 405 |  | 701 |  | 26 |  | 5,462 |
Middle East and North Africa | 346 |  | 316 |  | 370 |  | 2,267 |  | — |  | 3,299 |  |  | 339 |  | 406 |  | 270 |  | 1,408 |  | 18 |  | 2,441 |
Europe | 3,207 |  | 2,376 |  | 339 |  | 949 |  | — |  | 6,871 |  |  | 3,497 |  | 2,101 |  | 202 |  | 628 |  | 104 |  | 6,532 |
Canada and All Other | 646 |  | 907 |  | 94 |  | 50 |  | — |  | 1,697 |  |  | 651 |  | 738 |  | 53 |  | 43 |  | 24 |  | 1,509 |
Consolidated net sales | 12,438 |  | 13,035 |  | 10,373 |  | 11,483 |  | 15 |  | 47,344 |  |  | 13,864 |  | 12,328 |  | 6,557 |  | 7,091 |  | 328 |  | 40,168 |
Inter-segment sales | 1,069 |  | — |  | 937 |  | 197 |  | (2,203) |  | — |  |  | 1,050 |  | 6 |  | 579 |  | 121 |  | (1,756) |  | — |
Business segment sales | $ | 13,507 |  | $ | 13,035 |  | $ | 11,310 |  | $ | 11,680 |  | $ | (2,188) |  | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 14,914 |  | $ | 12,334 |  | $ | 7,136 |  | $ | 7,212 |  | $ | (1,428) |  | $ | 40,168 |

Segment sales disaggregated by customer for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total |  | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total
U.S. government (1) | $ | 1,101 |  | $ | 1,295 |  | $ | 2,923 |  | $ | 2,414 |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 7,737 |  |  | $ | 1,238 |  | $ | 1,270 |  | $ | 2,944 |  | $ | 2,223 |  | $ | 72 |  | $ | 7,747 |
Foreign military sales through the U.S. government | 54 |  | 322 |  | 210 |  | 778 |  | — |  | 1,364 |  |  | 34 |  | 325 |  | 201 |  | 812 |  | — |  | 1,372 |
Foreign government direct commercial sales | 258 |  | 126 |  | 216 |  | 642 |  | — |  | 1,242 |  |  | 230 |  | 120 |  | 245 |  | 589 |  | 2 |  | 1,186 |
Commercial aerospace and other commercial | 2,814 |  | 2,982 |  | 78 |  | 1 |  | (5) |  | 5,870 |  |  | 2,461 |  | 1,776 |  | 76 |  | 24 |  | 105 |  | 4,442 |
Consolidated net sales | 4,227 |  | 4,725 |  | 3,427 |  | 3,835 |  | (1) |  | 16,213 |  |  | 3,963 |  | 3,491 |  | 3,466 |  | 3,648 |  | 179 |  | 14,747 |
Inter-segment sales | 365 |  | — |  | 313 |  | 67 |  | (745) |  | — |  |  | 311 |  | 3 |  | 283 |  | 58 |  | (655) |  | — |
Business segment sales | $ | 4,592 |  | $ | 4,725 |  | $ | 3,740 |  | $ | 3,902 |  | $ | (746) |  | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 4,274 |  | $ | 3,494 |  | $ | 3,749 |  | $ | 3,706 |  | $ | (476) |  | $ | 14,747 |

(1) Excludes foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
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Segment sales disaggregated by customer for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total |  | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total
U.S. government (1) | $ | 3,470 |  | $ | 3,748 |  | $ | 8,767 |  | $ | 7,155 |  | $ | 15 |  | $ | 23,155 |  |  | $ | 3,880 |  | $ | 3,792 |  | $ | 5,504 |  | $ | 4,301 |  | $ | 126 |  | $ | 17,603 |
Foreign military sales through the U.S. government | 119 |  | 961 |  | 627 |  | 2,449 |  | — |  | 4,156 |  |  | 166 |  | 877 |  | 419 |  | 1,578 |  | — |  | 3,040 |
Foreign government direct commercial sales | 804 |  | 392 |  | 662 |  | 1,877 |  | — |  | 3,735 |  |  | 659 |  | 380 |  | 458 |  | 1,154 |  | 2 |  | 2,653 |
Commercial aerospace and other commercial | 8,045 |  | 7,934 |  | 317 |  | 2 |  | — |  | 16,298 |  |  | 9,159 |  | 7,279 |  | 176 |  | 58 |  | 200 |  | 16,872 |
Consolidated net sales | 12,438 |  | 13,035 |  | 10,373 |  | 11,483 |  | 15 |  | 47,344 |  |  | 13,864 |  | 12,328 |  | 6,557 |  | 7,091 |  | 328 |  | 40,168 |
Inter-segment sales | 1,069 |  | — |  | 937 |  | 197 |  | (2,203) |  | — |  |  | 1,050 |  | 6 |  | 579 |  | 121 |  | (1,756) |  | — |
Business segment sales | $ | 13,507 |  | $ | 13,035 |  | $ | 11,310 |  | $ | 11,680 |  | $ | (2,188) |  | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 14,914 |  | $ | 12,334 |  | $ | 7,136 |  | $ | 7,212 |  | $ | (1,428) |  | $ | 40,168 |

(1) Excludes foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
Segment sales disaggregated by sales type for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total |  | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total
Products | $ | 3,336 |  | $ | 2,877 |  | $ | 2,613 |  | $ | 3,506 |  | $ | (1) |  | $ | 12,331 |  |  | $ | 3,231 |  | $ | 2,142 |  | $ | 2,615 |  | $ | 3,324 |  | $ | 157 |  | $ | 11,469 |
Services | 891 |  | 1,848 |  | 814 |  | 329 |  | — |  | 3,882 |  |  | 732 |  | 1,349 |  | 851 |  | 324 |  | 22 |  | 3,278 |
Consolidated net sales | 4,227 |  | 4,725 |  | 3,427 |  | 3,835 |  | (1) |  | 16,213 |  |  | 3,963 |  | 3,491 |  | 3,466 |  | 3,648 |  | 179 |  | 14,747 |
Inter-segment sales | 365 |  | — |  | 313 |  | 67 |  | (745) |  | — |  |  | 311 |  | 3 |  | 283 |  | 58 |  | (655) |  | — |
Business segment sales | $ | 4,592 |  | $ | 4,725 |  | $ | 3,740 |  | $ | 3,902 |  | $ | (746) |  | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 4,274 |  | $ | 3,494 |  | $ | 3,749 |  | $ | 3,706 |  | $ | (476) |  | $ | 14,747 |

Segment sales disaggregated by sales type for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total |  | Collins Aerospace Systems | Pratt & Whitney | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense | Other | Total
Products | $ | 9,867 |  | $ | 7,882 |  | $ | 7,964 |  | $ | 10,446 |  | $ | 15 |  | $ | 36,174 |  |  | $ | 11,325 |  | $ | 7,285 |  | $ | 5,024 |  | $ | 6,480 |  | $ | 288 |  | $ | 30,402 |
Services | 2,571 |  | 5,153 |  | 2,409 |  | 1,037 |  | — |  | 11,170 |  |  | 2,539 |  | 5,043 |  | 1,533 |  | 611 |  | 40 |  | 9,766 |
Consolidated net sales | 12,438 |  | 13,035 |  | 10,373 |  | 11,483 |  | 15 |  | 47,344 |  |  | 13,864 |  | 12,328 |  | 6,557 |  | 7,091 |  | 328 |  | 40,168 |
Inter-segment sales | 1,069 |  | — |  | 937 |  | 197 |  | (2,203) |  | — |  |  | 1,050 |  | 6 |  | 579 |  | 121 |  | (1,756) |  | — |
Business segment sales | $ | 13,507 |  | $ | 13,035 |  | $ | 11,310 |  | $ | 11,680 |  | $ | (2,188) |  | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 14,914 |  | $ | 12,334 |  | $ | 7,136 |  | $ | 7,212 |  | $ | (1,428) |  | $ | 40,168 |

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RIS and RMD segment sales disaggregated by contract type for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense |  | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense
Fixed-price | $ | 1,506 |  | $ | 2,401 |  |  | $ | 1,510 |  | $ | 2,337 |
Cost-type | 1,921 |  | 1,434 |  |  | 1,956 |  | 1,311 |
Consolidated net sales | 3,427 |  | 3,835 |  |  | 3,466 |  | 3,648 |
Inter-segments sales | 313 |  | 67 |  |  | 283 |  | 58 |
Business segment sales | $ | 3,740 |  | $ | 3,902 |  |  | $ | 3,749 |  | $ | 3,706 |

RIS and RMD segment sales disaggregated by contract type for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

| 2021 |  | 2020
(dollars in millions) | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense |  | Raytheon Intelligence & Space | Raytheon Missiles & Defense
Fixed-price | $ | 4,533 |  | $ | 7,054 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |  | $ | 4,447 |
Cost-type | 5,840 |  | 4,429 |  |  | 3,776 |  | 2,644 |
Consolidated net sales | 10,373 |  | 11,483 |  |  | 6,557 |  | 7,091 |
Inter-segments sales | 937 |  | 197 |  |  | 579 |  | 121 |
Business segment sales | $ | 11,310 |  | $ | 11,680 |  |  | $ | 7,136 |  | $ | 7,212 |

Note 20: Remaining Performance Obligations (RPO)
RPO represent the aggregate amount of total contract transaction price that is unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied. Total RPO was $156.1 billion and $150.1 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Of the total RPO as of September 30, 2021, we expect approximately 30% will be recognized as sales over the next 12 months. This percentage of RPO to be recognized as sales over the next 12 months depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may continue to emerge concerning the scope, severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as any worsening of the pandemic, the effect of additional variants, the efficacy, acceptance, distribution and availability of vaccines, new or continued actions to contain the pandemic’s spread or treat its impact, and governmental, business and individual personal actions taken in response to the pandemic, which may result in customer delays or order cancellations.
Note 21: Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU and its related amendments (collectively, the Credit Loss Standard) modifies the impairment model to utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the incurred loss methodology for financial instruments, including trade receivables, contract assets and off-balance sheet credit exposures. The Credit Loss Standard requires consideration of a broader range of information to estimate expected credit losses, including historical information, current economic conditions and a reasonable forecast period. This ASU requires that the statement of operations reflect estimates of expected credit losses for newly recognized financial assets as well as changes in the estimate of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period, which may result in earlier recognition of certain losses. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2020 utilizing a modified retrospective approach. A cumulative-effect non-cash adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020 was recorded in the amount of $59 million. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this update remove certain exceptions of Topic 740 including the exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income from other items; the exception to the requirement to recognize a deferred tax liability for equity method investments when a foreign subsidiary becomes an equity method investment; the exception to the ability to reverse a deferred tax liability for a foreign subsidiary when a foreign equity
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method investment becomes a subsidiary; and the exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. There are also additional areas of guidance related to franchise and other taxes partially based on income and the interim recognition of enactment of tax laws and rate changes. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard did not, and is not expected to, have an impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other new pronouncements issued but not effective until after September 30, 2021 are not expected to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
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With respect to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial information of Raytheon Technologies for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) reported that it has applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for a review of such information. However, its report dated October 26, 2021, appearing below, states that the firm did not audit and does not express an opinion on that unaudited condensed consolidated financial information. PwC has not carried out any significant or additional audit tests beyond those that would have been necessary if their report had not been included. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on its report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. PwC is not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Act) for its report on the unaudited condensed consolidated financial information because that report is not a “report” or a “part” of a registration statement prepared or certified by PwC within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Act.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareowners and Board of Directors of Raytheon Technologies Corporation
Results of Review of Interim Financial Information
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Raytheon Technologies Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2021, and the related condensed consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income (loss), and of changes in equity for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 and the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “interim financial information”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income (loss), of changes in equity and of cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 8, 2021, which included a paragraph describing a change in the manner of accounting for leases in the 2019 financial statements, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
Basis for Review Results
This interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
October 26, 2021
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
We are a global premier systems provider of high technology products and services to the aerospace and defense industries. On April 3, 2020, United Technologies Corporation (UTC) completed the separation of its business into three independent, publicly traded companies – UTC, Carrier Global Corporation (Carrier) and Otis Worldwide Corporation (Otis) (the Separation Transactions). UTC distributed all of the outstanding shares of Carrier common stock and all of the outstanding shares of Otis common stock to UTC shareowners who held shares of UTC common stock as of the close of business on March 19, 2020, the record date for the distributions (the Distributions) effective at 12:01 a.m., Eastern Time, on April 3, 2020. Immediately following the Separation Transactions and Distributions, on April 3, 2020, UTC and Raytheon Company completed their all-stock merger of equals transaction (the Raytheon Merger), pursuant to which Raytheon Company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of UTC and UTC was renamed Raytheon Technologies Corporation (RTC). As a result of these transactions, we now operate in four principal business segments: Collins Aerospace Systems (Collins Aerospace), Pratt & Whitney, Raytheon Intelligence & Space (RIS) and Raytheon Missiles & Defense (RMD).
UTC was determined to be the accounting acquirer in the Raytheon Merger, and, as a result, the financial statements of Raytheon Technologies include Raytheon Company’s financial position and results of operations for all periods subsequent to the completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020. RIS and RMD follow a 4-4-5 fiscal calendar while Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney continue to use a quarter calendar end of September 30, 2021. Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, when we refer to the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 with respect to RIS or RMD, we are referring to their October 3, 2021 and September 27, 2020 fiscal quarter ends, respectively. The historical results of Carrier and Otis are presented as discontinued operations and, as such, have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented. See “Note 3: Discontinued Operations” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information. Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless otherwise indicated, amounts and activity are presented on a continuing operations basis.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company,” “Raytheon Technologies,” and “RTC” mean United Technologies Corporation and its subsidiaries when referring to periods prior to the Raytheon Merger and to the combined company, Raytheon Technologies Corporation, when referring to periods after the Raytheon Merger. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Raytheon Company,” or “Raytheon” mean Raytheon Company and its subsidiaries prior to the Raytheon Merger.
The current status of significant factors affecting our business environment in 2021 is discussed below. For additional discussion, refer to the “Business Overview” section in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Industry Considerations
Our worldwide operations can be affected by industrial, economic and political factors on both a regional and global level. Our operations include original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and extensive related aftermarket parts and services related to our aerospace operations. Our defense business serves both domestic and international customers primarily as a prime contractor or subcontractor on a broad portfolio of defense and related programs for government customers. Our business mix also reflects the combination of shorter cycles on our commercial aerospace spares contracts and certain service contracts in our defense business primarily at RIS, and longer cycles in our aerospace OEM and aftermarket maintenance contracts and on our defense contracts to design, develop, manufacture or modify complex equipment. Our customers are in the public and private sectors, and our businesses reflect an extensive geographic diversification that has evolved with continued globalization.
Government legislation, policies and regulations, including regulations related to global warming, carbon footprint and fuel efficiency, can have a negative impact on our worldwide operations. Government and industry-driven safety and performance regulations, restrictions on aircraft engine noise and emissions, government imposed travel restrictions, and government procurement practices can impact our businesses.
Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney serve both commercial and government aerospace customers. Revenue passenger miles (RPMs), available seat miles and the general economic health of airline carriers are key barometers for our commercial aerospace operations. Performance in the general aviation sector is closely tied to the overall health of the economy and is positively correlated to corporate profits. Many of our aerospace operations’ customers are covered under long-term aftermarket service agreements at both Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney, which are inclusive of both spare parts and services.
RIS, RMD, and the defense operations of Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney are affected by U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) budget and spending levels, changes in demand, changes in policy positions or priorities from a new U.S. Administration and the global political environment. Total sales to the U.S. government, excluding foreign military sales, were $7.7 billion for
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both the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, or 48% and 53% of total net sales for those periods, respectively. Total sales to the U.S. government were $23.2 billion and $17.6 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, or 49% and 44% of total sales for those periods, respectively.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Beginning in 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) negatively impacted the global economy, our business and operations, and the industries in which we operate. The continued disruption to air travel and commercial activities and the significant restrictions and limitations on businesses, particularly within the aerospace and commercial airline industries, have negatively impacted global supply, demand and distribution capabilities. In particular, the unprecedented decrease in air travel resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected our airline and airframer customers, and their demand for the products and services of our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses.
In the nine months ended September 30, 2020 we recorded write-downs of assets and significant unfavorable Estimate at Completion (EAC) adjustments in our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses primarily related to:
•Goodwill impairment charges of $3.2 billion in the quarter ended June 30, 2020 related to two of our Collins Aerospace reporting units. Refer to “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information,
•increased estimated credit losses on both our receivables and contract assets of $48 million and $357 million in the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively,
•an unfavorable EAC adjustment $334 million on a Pratt & Whitney commercial engine aftermarket contract due to lower estimated revenues driven by a change in the estimated maintenance coverage period in both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020,
•contract asset and inventory impairments at Collins Aerospace due to the impact of lower estimated future customer activity resulting from the expected acceleration of fleet retirements of a commercial aircraft of $13 million and $146 million in the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively,
•an unfavorable EAC adjustment of $129 million related to lower estimated revenues due to the restructuring of a customer contract at Pratt & Whitney in both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020,
•an $89 million impairment of commercial aircraft program assets at Pratt & Whitney in both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2020,
•the impairment of a Collins Aerospace trade name of $57 million in total, in the first and second quarters of 2020,
•unfavorable EAC adjustments on commercial aftermarket contracts at Pratt & Whitney based on a change in estimated future customer activity of $48 million in total, in the second and third quarters of 2020, and
•an unfavorable EAC adjustment at Pratt & Whitney related to a shift in overhead costs to military contracts of $44 million in the second quarter of 2020.
Our RIS and RMD businesses, although experiencing minor impacts, have not experienced significant business disruptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Given the significant reduction in business and leisure passenger air travel, continued travel restrictions that have resulted from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and the resulting impacts on our customers and their business activities, we expect our future operating results, particularly those of our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney businesses, to continue to be negatively impacted when compared to pre-COVID-19 (2019) results. Our expectations regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential financial impact are based on available information and assumptions that we believe are reasonable at this time; however, the actual financial impact is highly uncertain and subject to a wide range of factors and future developments. While we believe that the long-term outlook for the aerospace industry remains positive due to the fundamental drivers of air travel demand, there continues to be uncertainty with respect to the point at which commercial air traffic capacity will return to and/or exceed pre-COVID-19 levels. We have seen indications that commercial air travel is continuing to recover in certain areas of demand; however, other areas continue to lag. In addition, while global vaccination rates have increased, infection from COVID-19 variants have continued, which may impact the pace of the commercial aerospace recovery. However, we continue to estimate that a full recovery may occur in 2023 or 2024. New information may continue to emerge concerning the scope, severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as any worsening of the pandemic, the effect of additional variants, the efficacy, acceptance, distribution and availability of vaccines, new or continued actions to contain the pandemic’s spread or treat its impact, and governmental, business and individual personal actions taken in response to the pandemic (including restrictions and limitations on travel and transportation, and changes in leisure and business travel patterns and work environments) among others. Some of these actions and related impacts may be trends that continue in the future even after the pandemic no longer poses a significant public health risk. As our commercial aerospace business begins to recover, we expect certain employee-related and discretionary costs, which were subject to prior year cost reduction actions, to return in 2021 and beyond. A recovery may also impact our judgments around credit risk related to estimated credit losses.
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On September 24, 2021, in furtherance of an executive order, the U.S. Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (Task Force) issued guidance requiring federal contractors and subcontractors to comply with COVID-19 safety protocols, including requiring certain employees to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19 by December 8, 2021 except in limited circumstances. The vaccination requirements will be incorporated in new government contracts, renewals, extensions and other modifications signed on and after October 15, 2021, and will apply to employees working on or in connection with such contracts, as well as to employees working at a location at which an employee working on such contract is likely to be present. We had previously announced an internal vaccine mandate with a January 1, 2022 deadline for all U.S. based employees. We do not expect all of our employees who are covered by the U.S. federal contractor mandate to become fully vaccinated by December 8, 2021, but we will comply with the requirements of the Task Force’s implementing guidance and the associated executive order. While this mandate may have an impact on our operations, we do not expect this to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Our ability to perform on our contracts is also dependent upon our subcontractors and suppliers. Our subcontractors and suppliers who are subject to the U.S. federal contractor vaccine mandate may be impacted by an inability to comply or loss of personnel, which could disrupt subcontractor or supplier performance or deliveries, and negatively impact our business.
In addition, in March 2021, Congress passed the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA) which included pension funding relief provisions. For further discussion, refer to the “FAS/CAS operating adjustment” subsection under the “Segment Review” section below. We continue to monitor for any ongoing government guidance related to COVID-19 that may be issued.
Other Matters
Global economic and political conditions, changes in raw material and commodity prices, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, energy costs, levels of air travel, the financial condition of commercial airlines, and the impact from natural disasters and weather conditions create uncertainties that could impact our business for the remainder of 2021 and in the future. With regard to political conditions, in July 2019, the U.S. government suspended Turkey’s participation in the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program because Turkey accepted delivery of the Russian-built S-400 air and missile defense system. The U.S. has imposed, and may impose additional, sanctions on Turkey as a result of this or other political disputes. Turkish companies supply us with components, some of which are sole-sourced, primarily in our aerospace operations for commercial and military engines and aerospace products. Depending upon the scope and timing of U.S. sanctions on Turkey and potential reciprocal actions, if any, such sanctions or actions could impact our sources of supply and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. In addition, in October 2020, the People’s Republic of China (China) announced that it may sanction RTC in connection with a possible Foreign Military Sale to Taiwan of six MS-110 Reconnaissance Pods and related equipment manufactured by Collins Aerospace. Foreign Military Sales are government-to-government transactions that are initiated by, and carried out at the direction of, the U.S. government. To date, the Chinese government has not imposed sanctions on RTC or indicated the nature or timing of any future potential sanctions or other actions. If China were to impose sanctions or take other regulatory action against RTC, our suppliers, affiliates or partners, it could potentially disrupt our business operations. The impact of potential sanctions or other actions by China cannot be determined at this time.
The change in the U.S. administration could result in changes to the U.S. government’s foreign policies that may impact regulatory approval for direct commercial sales contracts for certain of our products and services to certain foreign customers. Likewise, regulatory approvals previously granted for prior sales can be paused or revoked if the products and services have not yet been delivered to the customer. If we ultimately do not receive all of the regulatory approvals, or those approvals are revoked, it could have a material effect on our financial results. In particular, as of September 30, 2021, our contract liabilities include approximately $440 million of advance payments received from a Middle East customer on contracts for which we no longer believe we will be able to execute on or obtain required regulatory approvals. These advance payments may become refundable to the customer if the contracts are ultimately terminated.
Changes in U.S. (federal or state) or international tax laws and regulations, or their interpretation and application, including the amortization for research or experimental expenditures, could significantly impact our provision for income taxes, the amount of taxes payable, and our deferred tax asset and liability balances. Recent proposals to increase the U.S. corporate income tax rate would require us to revalue our deferred tax assets and liabilities upon enactment of new tax legislation, which may result in a material, one-time, noncash increase in income tax expense as well as material increases to our income tax expense and payments in subsequent years.
See Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of these items.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Preparation of our financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Management believes the most complex and sensitive judgments, because
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of their significance to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, result primarily from the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. See “Critical Accounting Estimates” within Item 7 and “Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Accounting Principles” within Item 8 of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which describe the significant accounting estimates and policies used in preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Actual results in these areas could differ from management’s estimates. There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As described in our “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Form 10-Q, our interim period results of operations and period-to-period comparisons of such results, particularly at a segment level, may not be indicative of our future operating results. The following discussions of comparative results among periods, including the discussion of segment results, should be viewed in this context. As discussed further above in “Business Overview,” the results of RIS and RMD reflect the period subsequent to the completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020. As such, the results of RIS and RMD for the second quarter of 2020 exclude results prior to the merger date, the estimated impact of which is approximately $400 million of sales and approximately $45 million of operating profit. These amounts have been excluded from the nine months ended September 30, 2021 organic changes disclosed throughout our Results of Operations discussion. In addition, as a result of the Separation Transactions and the Distributions, the historical results of Carrier and Otis are presented as discontinued operations and, as such, have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented.
Net Sales

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net Sales | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 14,747 |  |  | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 40,168 |

The factors contributing to the total change year-over-year in total net sales for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are as follows:

(dollars in millions) | Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Organic(1) | $ | 1,664 |  |  | $ | 66 |
Acquisitions and divestitures, net | (215) |  |  | 6,988 |
Other | 17 |  |  | 122 |
Total change | $ | 1,466 |  |  | $ | 7,176 |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales for our consolidated results of operations. We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of this measure to reported U.S Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) amounts is provided in the table above.
Net sales increased $1,664 million organically in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to higher organic sales of $1.2 billion at Pratt & Whitney and $0.4 billion at Collins Aerospace. The increase at Pratt & Whitney was primarily driven by higher commercial aftermarket sales, primarily due to an increase in shop visits and related spare part sales, and higher commercial OEM sales, primarily due to an increase in commercial engine deliveries, all driven by the recovery from the prior year’s unfavorable economic environment largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in Pratt & Whitney commercial aftermarket sales was also due to the absence of unfavorable contract adjustments of $0.3 billion in the prior year. The increase at Collins Aerospace was primarily driven by higher commercial aerospace aftermarket sales primarily due to an increase in flight hours and aircraft fleet utilization as commercial aerospace continues to recover from the prior year’s unfavorable economic environment principally driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. The $215 million decrease in net sales related to Acquisitions and divestitures, net for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was primarily driven by the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021.
Organic sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were relatively consistent compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as higher organic sales of $0.6 billion at Pratt & Whitney and $0.5 billion at RMD were offset by lower organic sales of $1.1 billion at Collins Aerospace. The higher organic sales at Pratt & Whitney were primarily driven by higher commercial aftermarket sales, primarily due to an increase in shop visits and related spare part sales, principally driven by recovery from the prior year’s unfavorable economic environment principally driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in Pratt & Whitney commercial aftermarket sales was also due to the absence of unfavorable contract adjustments of $0.3 billion in the prior year. The higher organic sales at RMD were primarily driven by higher sales on an international Patriot
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program, higher sales to an international customer primarily for National Advanced Surface to Air Missile System (NASAMS), higher sales on the Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) program and higher sales on the StormBreaker program, partially offset by lower sales on direct commercial sales contracts for precision guided munitions with a Middle East customer. The lower organic sales at Collins Aerospace was primarily driven by lower commercial aerospace OEM sales and lower commercial aerospace aftermarket sales, primarily due to the change in the economic environment principally driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. The $6,988 million increase in net sales related to Acquisitions and divestitures, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, was primarily driven by the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, partially offset by the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021.

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | % of Total Net Sales
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products | $ | 12,331 |  |  | $ | 11,469 |  |  | 76.1 | % |  | 77.8 | %
Services | 3,882 |  |  | 3,278 |  |  | 23.9 | % |  | 22.2 | %
Total net sales | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 14,747 |  |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

Refer to “Note 19: Segment Financial Data” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for the composition of external net sales by products and services by segment.
Net products sales increased $862 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in external products sales of $0.7 billion at Pratt & Whitney.
Net services sales increased $604 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in external services sales of $0.5 billion at Pratt & Whitney.

| Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | % of Total Net Sales
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products | $ | 36,174 |  |  | $ | 30,402 |  |  | 76.4 | % |  | 75.7 | %
Services | 11,170 |  |  | 9,766 |  |  | 23.6 | % |  | 24.3 | %
Total net sales | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 40,168 |  |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

Net products sales increased $5,772 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in external products sales of $4.0 billion at RMD and $2.9 billion at RIS, both primarily due to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, and an increase in external products sales of $0.6 billion at Pratt & Whitney, partially offset by a decrease in external products sales of $1.5 billion at Collins Aerospace.
Net services sales increased $1,404 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in external services sales of $0.9 billion at RIS and $0.4 billion at RMD, both primarily due to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020.
Our sales to major customers were as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | % of Total Net Sales
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Sales to the U.S. government(1) | $ | 7,737 |  |  | $ | 7,747 |  |  | 47.7 | % |  | 52.5 | %
Foreign military sales through the U.S. government | 1,364 |  |  | 1,372 |  |  | 8.4 | % |  | 9.3 | %
Foreign government direct commercial sales | 1,242 |  |  | 1,186 |  |  | 7.7 | % |  | 8.0 | %
Commercial aerospace and other commercial sales | 5,870 |  |  | 4,442 |  |  | 36.2 | % |  | 30.1 | %
Total net sales | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 14,747 |  |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

(1) Excludes foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
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| Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | % of Total Net Sales
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Sales to the U.S. government(1) | $ | 23,155 |  |  | $ | 17,603 |  |  | 48.9 | % |  | 43.8 | %
Foreign military sales through the U.S. government | 4,156 |  |  | 3,040 |  |  | 8.8 | % |  | 7.6 | %
Foreign government direct commercial sales | 3,735 |  |  | 2,653 |  |  | 7.9 | % |  | 6.6 | %
Commercial aerospace and other commercial sales | 16,298 |  |  | 16,872 |  |  | 34.4 | % |  | 42.0 | %
Total net sales | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 40,168 |  |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

(1) Excludes foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
Cost of Sales

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Total cost of sales | $ | 13,089 |  |  | $ | 13,004 |  |  | $ | 38,281 |  |  | $ | 33,790 |
Percentage of net sales | 80.7 | % |  | 88.2 | % |  | 80.9 | % |  | 84.1 | %

The factors contributing to the change year-over-year in total cost of sales for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are as follows:

(dollars in millions) | Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Organic(1) | $ | 416 |  |  | $ | (818) |
Acquisitions and divestitures, net | (53) |  |  | 5,854 |
Restructuring | (138) |  |  | (305) |
FAS/CAS operating adjustment | (117) |  |  | (565) |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | 63 |  |  | 322 |
Other | (86) |  |  | 3 |
Total change | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 4,491 |

(1) We provide the organic change in cost of sales for our consolidated results of operations. We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net; restructuring costs; the FAS/CAS operating adjustment; costs related to certain acquisition accounting adjustments; and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of this measure to reported U.S. GAAP amounts is provided in the table above.
The organic increase in total cost of sales of $416 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the organic sales increases at Pratt & Whitney noted above. The change in organic cost of sales includes a decrease primarily due to favorable commercial aerospace aftermarket and OEM product mix at Collins Aerospace.
The decrease in other cost of sales of $86 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, is primarily driven by the absence of a prior year impairment of commercial aircraft program assets at Pratt & Whitney for $89 million.
The organic decrease in total cost of sales of $818 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, was primarily driven by due to the organic sales decrease at Collins Aerospace noted above, partially offset by the organic sales increases at RMD and Pratt & Whitney noted above. The increase in cost of sales related to Acquisitions and divestitures, net of $5,854 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is primarily driven by the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, partially offset by the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021 and the sale of the Collins Aerospace military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses in the third quarter of 2020.
Other cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, includes the absence of a prior year impairment of commercial aircraft program assets at Pratt & Whitney for $89 million, which was more than offset by an unfavorable impact of foreign exchange.
For further discussion on Restructuring costs see the “Restructuring Costs” section below. For further discussion on FAS/CAS operating adjustment see the “FAS/CAS operating adjustment” subsection under the “Segment Review” section below. For
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further discussion on Acquisition accounting adjustments, see the “Acquisition accounting adjustments” subsection under the “Segment Review” section below.

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | % of Total Net Sales
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Cost of sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products | $ | 10,296 |  |  | $ | 10,322 |  |  | 63.5 | % |  | 70.0 | %
Services | 2,793 |  |  | 2,682 |  |  | 17.2 | % |  | 18.2 | %
Total cost of sales | $ | 13,089 |  |  | $ | 13,004 |  |  | 80.7 | % |  | 88.2 | %

Net products cost of sales in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 was relatively consistent compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Included in the change was an increase in external products cost of sales at Pratt & Whitney principally driven by the product sales increase noted above and a decrease in products cost of sales at Collins Aerospace primarily due to favorable commercial aerospace aftermarket and OEM product mix, a decrease in restructuring costs, and the impact of the sale of the military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses in the third quarter of 2020.
Net services cost of sales in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 was relatively consistent compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Included in the change was an increase in external services cost of sales at Pratt & Whitney principally driven by the services sales increase noted above, largely offset by the absence of prior year significant unfavorable contract adjustments as discussed in the “Segment Review” section below.

| Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | % of Total Net Sales
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Cost of sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products | $ | 30,267 |  |  | $ | 26,571 |  |  | 63.9 | % |  | 66.1 | %
Services | 8,014 |  |  | 7,219 |  |  | 16.9 | % |  | 18.0 | %
Total cost of sales | $ | 38,281 |  |  | $ | 33,790 |  |  | 80.9 | % |  | 84.1 | %

Net products cost of sales increased $3,696 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in external products cost of sales at RMD and RIS principally due to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, partially offset by a decrease in external products cost of sales at Collins Aerospace, principally driven by the products sales decrease noted above.
Net services cost of sales increased $795 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily due to an increase in external services cost of sales at RIS and RMD principally due to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, partially offset by a decrease in external services cost of sales at Pratt & Whitney, principally driven by the absence of prior year significant unfavorable contract adjustments as discussed in the “Segment Review” section below.
Research and Development

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Company-funded | $ | 676 |  | $ | 642 |  | $ | 1,922 |  | $ | 1,872
Percentage of net sales | 4.2 | % |  | 4.4 | % |  | 4.1 | % |  | 4.7 | %
Customer-funded (1) | $ | 1,125 |  | $ | 1,207 |  | $ | 3,414 |  | $ | 3,032
Percentage of net sales | 6.9 | % |  | 8.2 | % |  | 7.2 | % |  | 7.5 | %

(1) Customer-funded research and development costs are included in cost of sales in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Research and development spending is subject to the variable nature of program development schedules and, therefore, year-over-year fluctuations in spending levels are expected.
The increase in company-funded research and development of $34 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by higher expenses of $37 million spread across various commercial programs at Pratt & Whitney and higher expenses of $28 million at RIS related to continued investment in classified advanced capabilities, partially offset by lower expenses of $32 million within Eliminations and other primarily due to the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021.
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The decrease in customer-funded research and development of $82 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was primarily driven by lower expenses of $80 million on various commercial and military programs at Pratt & Whitney.
The increase in company-funded research and development of $50 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by $0.2 billion related to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, partially offset by lower expenses of $0.1 billion across various commercial programs at Collins Aerospace, which includes the impact of cost reduction initiatives.
The increase in customer-funded research and development of $382 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, was primarily driven by $0.6 billion related to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, partially offset by lower expenses of $0.1 billion on various commercial and military programs at Pratt & Whitney and lower expenses of $0.1 billion at Collins Aerospace primarily related to the sale of the military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses in the third quarter of 2020.
Selling, General and Administrative

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 1,229 |  | $ | 1,401 |  | $ | 3,817 |  | $ | 4,189
Percentage of net sales | 7.6 | % |  | 9.5 | % |  | 8.1 | % |  | 10.4 | %

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $172 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 primarily driven by lower costs of $101 million due to the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021, and lower selling, general and administrative restructuring costs of $88 million primarily related to restructuring actions taken at our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments in the prior year.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $372 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily driven by $352 million of prior year charges related to increased estimates of expected credit losses due to customer bankruptcies and additional allowances for credit losses at our Pratt & Whitney and Collins Aerospace segments, lower general and administrative restructuring costs of $257 million primarily related to restructuring actions taken at Collins Aerospace and Corporate in the prior year and lower costs of $184 million due to the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021, partially offset by an increase in expenses of $0.4 billion related to the Raytheon Merger.
We are continuously evaluating our cost structure and have implemented restructuring actions in an effort to keep our cost structure competitive. As appropriate, the amounts reflected above include the beneficial impact of previous restructuring actions on Selling, general and administrative expenses. See “Note 12: Restructuring Costs” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and Restructuring Costs, below, for further discussion.
Other Income, Net

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Other income, net | $ | 124 |  |  | $ | 734 |  |  | $ | 314 |  |  | $ | 835 |

Other income, net includes equity earnings in unconsolidated entities, royalty income, foreign exchange gains and losses, and other ongoing and nonrecurring items. The decrease in Other income, net of $610 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to the absence of $608 million of gains on the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses in the third quarter of 2020, as further discussed in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Included in the change in Other income, net was a decrease of approximately $90 million of foreign government wage subsidies related to COVID-19 at Pratt & Whitney and Collins Aerospace, with the remaining change spread across multiple items with no common or significant driver.
The decrease in Other income, net of $521 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to the absence of $608 million of gains on the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses in the third quarter of 2020, and a $121 million decrease in foreign government wage subsidies related to COVID-19 at Pratt & Whitney and Collins Aerospace, partially offset by the absence of a prior year impairment of a Collins Aerospace tradename of $57 million resulting from the projected impact of COVID-19 with the remaining change spread across multiple items with no common or significant driver.
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Operating Profit (Loss)

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating profit (loss) | $ | 1,343 |  | $ | 434 |  | $ | 3,638 |  | $ | (2,031)
Operating profit (loss) margin | 8.3 | % |  | 2.9 | % |  | 7.7 | % |  | (5.1) | %

The increase in Operating profit (loss) of $909 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the operating performance at our segments as described below in the individual segment results. Included in the increase in Operating profit was a decrease in restructuring costs of $226 million primarily related to restructuring actions taken at our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments in the prior year.
The change in Operating profit (loss) of $5,669 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the absence of the prior year goodwill impairment loss of $3,183 million related to two Collins Aerospace reporting units, the operating performance at our operating segments almost half of which was due to the Raytheon Merger, and an increase in our FAS/CAS operating adjustment of $611 million primarily as a result of the Raytheon Merger. Included in the increase in Operating profit was a decrease in restructuring costs of $562 million primarily related to restructuring actions taken at our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments in the prior year.
Non-service Pension (Income) Expense

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Non-service pension (income) expense | $ | (491) |  |  | $ | (253) |  |  | $ | (1,472) |  |  | $ | (658) |

The change in Non-service pension (income) expense of $238 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by a decrease in the discount rate, the Raytheon domestic defined benefit pension plan amendment described below, and prior year pension asset returns exceeding our expected return on assets (EROA) assumption.
The change in Non-service pension (income) expense of $814 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the inclusion of the Raytheon Company plans as a result of the Raytheon Merger, and to a lesser extent, a decrease in the discount rate, prior year pension asset returns exceeding our EROA assumption and the Raytheon domestic defined benefit pension plan amendment described below.
In December 2020, we approved a change to the Raytheon domestic defined benefit pension plans for non-union participants to cease future benefit accruals based on an employee’s years of service and compensation effective December 31, 2022. The plan change does not impact participants’ historical benefit accruals. Benefits for service after December 31, 2022 will be based on a cash balance formula.
Interest Expense, Net

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Interest expense | $ | 367 |  | $ | 356 |  | $ | 1,070 |  | $ | 1,041
Interest income | (9) |  | (6) |  | (24) |  | (24)
Interest expense, net | $ | 358 |  | $ | 350 |  | $ | 1,046 |  | $ | 1,017
Average interest expense rate | 4.2 | % |  | 4.2 | % |  | 4.1 | % |  | 4.0 | %

Interest expense, net in the quarter ended September 30, 2021, was relatively consistent with the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Included in interest expense was $32 million of net debt extinguishment costs in connection with the early repayment of outstanding principal, and a decrease in interest expense primarily due the repayment of long-term debt. The average maturity of long-term debt at September 30, 2021 is approximately 15 years.
Interest expense, net in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, was relatively consistent with the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Included in interest expense was a $74 million unfavorable change in the mark-to-market fair value of marketable securities held in trusts associated with certain of our nonqualified deferred compensation and employee benefit plans and $32 million of net debt extinguishment costs in connection with the early repayment of outstanding principal, partially offset by a decrease in interest expense primarily due the repayment of long-term debt.
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Income Taxes

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Effective income tax rate | 0.2 | % |  | 45.1 | % |  | 17.0 | % |  | (31.5) | %

The effective tax rate for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 includes deferred tax benefits of $244 million associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations implemented in the third quarter. The effective tax rate for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 includes tax charges incremental to the U.S. statutory rate of $206 million associated with the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses, as described in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 includes deferred tax benefits of $244 million associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations implemented in the third quarter, tax charges of $148 million associated with the sale of the Forcepoint business and tax charges of $73 million associated with the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from the increase in the United Kingdom (U.K.) corporate tax rate to 25% effective in 2023. The loss from continuing operations before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes the $3.2 billion goodwill impairment, as described in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, most of which is non-deductible for tax purposes. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 also includes tax charges of $430 million resulting from the Separation Transactions or the Raytheon Merger, primarily related to the impairment of deferred tax assets and the revaluation of certain international tax incentives, and $228 million of tax charges incremental to the U.S. statutory rate associated with the sales of the Collins Aerospace and RIS businesses.
Net Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Attributable to Common Shareowners

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners | $ | 1,400 |  |  | $ | 151 |  |  | $ | 3,212 |  |  | $ | (3,255) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | 2.13 |  |  | $ | (2.48) |

Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 includes the following:
•acquisition accounting adjustments primarily related to the Raytheon Merger of $456 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted earnings per share (EPS) from continuing operations of $0.30; and
•tax benefits of $244 million associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations implemented in the third quarter 2021, which had a favorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.16.
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 includes the following:
•acquisition accounting adjustments primarily related to the Raytheon Merger of $401 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.27;
•restructuring charges of $189 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.12;
•significant unfavorable contract adjustments primarily at Pratt & Whitney of $430 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.28; and
•gains on the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses of $253 million, net of tax, as further discussed in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, which had a favorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.17.
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 includes the following:
•acquisition accounting adjustments primarily related to the Raytheon Merger of $1,257 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.83;
•tax benefits of $244 million associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations implemented in the third quarter 2021, which had a favorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.16;
•tax expense of $148 million related to the sale of our Forcepoint business, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.10;
•restructuring charges of $97 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.06; and
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•tax expense of $73 million associated with the revaluation of deferred taxes resulting from the increase in the U.K. corporate tax rate to 25% effective in 2023, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.05.
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shareowners for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes the following:
•acquisition accounting adjustments primarily related to the Raytheon Merger of $1,004 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.77;
•restructuring charges of $517 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.39;
•$3,240 million of non-deductible goodwill and intangibles impairment charges related to our Collins Aerospace segment, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $2.47;
•significant unfavorable contract adjustments at Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney of $603 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.48;
•$415 million of tax charges in connection with the Separation Transactions, including the impairment of deferred tax assets not expected to be utilized, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.32;
•increased estimates of expected credit losses driven by customer bankruptcies and additional general allowances for credit losses of $272 million, net of tax, which had an unfavorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.21; and
•gains on the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses of $253 million, net of tax, which had a favorable impact on diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.19.
Net Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations Attributable to Common Shareowners

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners | $ | (7) |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | (34) |  |  | $ | (399) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |  | $ | (0.30) |

On April 3, 2020, we completed the separation of our commercial businesses, Carrier and Otis. Effective as of such date, the historical results of the Carrier and Otis segments have been reclassified to discontinued operations for all periods presented. See “Note 3: Discontinued Operations” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information.
The change in net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners of $120 million and the related change in diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations of $0.08 in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to the absence of a prior year tax benefit associated with the Separation Transactions.
The change in net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common shareowners of $365 million and the related change in diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations of $0.27 in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to higher prior year costs associated with the separation of our commercial businesses, including debt extinguishment costs of $611 million, net of tax, in connection with the early repayment of outstanding principal, partially offset by prior year Carrier and Otis operating activity, as the Separation Transactions occurred on April 3, 2020.
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareowners

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners | $ | 1,393 |  |  | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | 3,178 |  |  | $ | (3,654) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from operations | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 2.10 |  |  | $ | (2.79) |

The increase in net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners and diluted earnings (loss) per share from operations for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the increase in continuing operations, as discussed above in Net Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Attributable to Common Shareowners, partially offset by the change from discontinued operations, as discussed above in Net Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations Attributable to Common Shareholders.
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The increase in net income (loss) attributable to common shareowners and diluted earnings (loss) per share from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was driven by the increase in continuing operations, as discussed above in Net Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Attributable to Common Shareowners and the change from discontinued operations, as discussed above in Net Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations Attributable to Common Shareholders.
RESTRUCTURING COSTS

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Restructuring costs | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 118 |  |  | $ | 685 |

Restructuring actions are an essential component of our operating margin improvement efforts and relate to both existing operations and recent mergers and acquisitions. Charges generally arise from severance related to workforce reductions and facility exit costs associated with the consolidation of field and manufacturing operations and costs to exit legacy programs. We continue to closely monitor the economic environment and may undertake further restructuring actions to keep our cost structure aligned with the demands of the prevailing market conditions.
2021 Actions. During the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded net pre-tax restructuring charges of $12 million and $113 million, respectively, primarily related to severance costs related to ongoing cost reduction efforts, and to a much lesser extent, the exit and consolidation of facilities initiated in 2021. We expect to incur additional restructuring charges of $74 million to complete these actions. We are targeting to complete the majority of the remaining workforce and facility related cost reduction actions initiated in 2021 by 2022. We expect recurring pre-tax savings related to these actions to reach approximately $130 million annually within one to two years. Approximately 60% of the restructuring costs will require cash payments, which we have funded and expect to continue to fund with cash generated from operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we had cash outflows of $9 million related to the 2021 actions.
2020 Actions. During the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we recorded $1 million and $240 million, respectively, of net pre-tax restructuring charges for actions initiated in 2020. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we reversed $19 million and recorded $686 million, respectively, of net pre-tax restructuring charges for actions initiated in 2020. We expect to incur additional restructuring charges of $7 million to complete these actions. We are targeting to complete in 2021 the majority of the remaining workforce and facility related cost reduction actions initiated in 2020. We expect annual recurring pre-tax savings related to these actions to reach approximately $1.2 billion annually within two years of initiating these actions. Approximately 85% of the restructuring costs will require cash payments, which we have funded and expect to continue to fund with cash generated from operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we had cash outflows of $200 million and $222 million, respectively, related to the 2020 actions.
In addition, during the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we recorded $6 million and $10 million, respectively, of net pre-tax restructuring charges for restructuring actions initiated in 2019 and prior. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we recorded $24 million and reversed $1 million, respectively, of net pre-tax restructuring charges for restructuring actions initiated in 2019 and prior. For additional discussion of restructuring, see “Note 12: Restructuring Costs” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
SEGMENT REVIEW
As discussed further above in Business Overview, o n April 3, 2020, we completed the Separation Transactions, Distributions and the Raytheon Merger. The results of RIS and RMD reflect the period subsequent to the completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020. The historical results of Carrier and Otis are presented as discontinued operations and, as such, have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented.
As previously announced, effective January 1, 2021, we reorganized certain product areas of our RIS and RMD businesses to more efficiently leverage our capabilities. The amounts and presentation of our business segments, including intersegment activity, set forth in this Form 10-Q reflect this reorganization. The reorganization does not impact our previously reported Collins Aerospace Systems and Pratt & Whitney segment results, or our consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations or statements of cash flows. Refer to “Note 19: Segment Financial Data” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for revised financial results for the fiscal quarters and year ended 2020.
As a result of the Raytheon Merger, we now present a FAS/CAS operating adjustment outside of segment results, which represents the difference between the service cost component of our pension and PRB expense under the Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) requirements of U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and our pension and postretirement benefit (PRB) expense under U.S. government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) primarily related to our RIS and RMD
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segments. While the ultimate liability for pension and PRB costs under FAS and CAS is similar, the pattern of cost recognition is different. We generally expect to recover the related RIS and RMD pension and PRB liabilities over time through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government. Because the Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments generally record pension and PRB expense on a FAS basis, historical results were not impacted by this change in segment reporting.
Segments are generally based on the management structure of the businesses and the grouping of similar operations, based on capabilities and technologies, where each management organization has general operating autonomy over diversified products and services. Segment total net sales and operating profit include intercompany sales and profit, which are ultimately eliminated within Eliminations and other, which also includes certain smaller non-reportable segments. For our defense contracts, where the primary customer is the U.S. government subject to Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) part 12, our intercompany sales and profit is generally recorded at cost-plus a specified fee, which may differ from what the selling entity would be able to obtain on sales to external customers. Segment results exclude certain acquisition accounting adjustments, the FAS/CAS operating adjustment and certain corporate expenses, as further discussed below.
Given the nature of our business, we believe that total net sales and operating profit (and the related operating profit margin percentage), which we disclose and discuss at the segment level, are most relevant to an understanding of management’s view of our segment performance, as described below.
Total Net Sales. Total net sales by segment were as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 4,592 |  |  | $ | 4,274 |  |  | $ | 13,507 |  |  | $ | 14,914 |
Pratt & Whitney | 4,725 |  |  | 3,494 |  |  | 13,035 |  |  | 12,334 |
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | 3,740 |  |  | 3,749 |  |  | 11,310 |  |  | 7,136 |
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | 3,902 |  |  | 3,706 |  |  | 11,680 |  |  | 7,212 |
Total segment | 16,959 |  |  | 15,223 |  |  | 49,532 |  |  | 41,596 |
Eliminations and other | (746) |  |  | (476) |  |  | (2,188) |  |  | (1,428) |
Consolidated | $ | 16,213 |  |  | $ | 14,747 |  |  | $ | 47,344 |  |  | $ | 40,168 |

Operating Profit (Loss). Operating profit (loss) by segment was as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 526 |  |  | $ | 1,298 |  |  | $ | 1,455 |
Pratt & Whitney | 187 |  |  | (615) |  |  | 319 |  |  | (597) |
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | 391 |  |  | 350 |  |  | 1,194 |  |  | 659 |
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | 490 |  |  | 449 |  |  | 1,518 |  |  | 847 |
Total segment | 1,546 |  |  | 710 |  |  | 4,329 |  |  | 2,364 |
Eliminations and other | (27) |  |  | (49) |  |  | (98) |  |  | (101) |
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items | (89) |  |  | (84) |  |  | (319) |  |  | (491) |
FAS/CAS operating adjustment | 499 |  |  | 380 |  |  | 1,347 |  |  | 736 |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | (586) |  |  | (523) |  |  | (1,621) |  |  | (4,539) |
Consolidated | $ | 1,343 |  |  | $ | 434 |  |  | $ | 3,638 |  |  | $ | (2,031) |

Included in segment operating profit are Estimate at Completion (EAC) adjustments, which relate to changes in operating profit and margin due to revisions to total estimated revenues and costs at completion. These changes reflect improved or deteriorated operating performance or award fee rates. For a full description of our EAC process, refer to “Note 5: Changes in Contract Estimates at Completion” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Given that we have thousands of individual contracts and given the types and complexity of the assumptions and estimates we must make on an on-going basis, we have both favorable and unfavorable EAC adjustments.
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We had the following aggregate EAC adjustments for the periods presented:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Gross favorable | $ | 334 |  |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 955 |  |  | $ | 569 |
Gross unfavorable | (309) |  |  | (743) |  |  | (891) |  |  | (1,161) |
Total net EAC adjustments | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | (462) |  |  | $ | 64 |  |  | $ | (592) |

As a result of the Raytheon Merger, RIS’s and RMD’s long-term contracts that are accounted for on a percentage of completion basis, were reset to zero percent complete as of the merger date because only the unperformed portion of the contract at the merger date represents an obligation of the Company. This had the impact of reducing gross favorable and unfavorable EAC adjustments for these segments in the prior year. The change in net EAC adjustments of $487 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to a favorable change in net EAC adjustments of $457 million at Pratt & Whitney, due to the absence of unfavorable contract adjustments in the prior year.
The change in net EAC adjustments of $656 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to a favorable change in net EAC adjustments of $545 million at Pratt & Whitney, due to the absence of unfavorable contract adjustments in the prior year, and a favorable change in net EAC adjustments of $121 million at RIS and $87 million at RMD, primarily due to the Raytheon Merger. This was partially offset by an unfavorable change in net EAC adjustments of $97 million at Collins Aerospace spread across numerous individual programs with no individual or common significant driver.
Significant EAC adjustments, when they occur, are discussed in each business segment’s discussion below.
Backlog and Defense Bookings. Total backlog was approximately $156.1 billion and $150.1 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, which includes defense backlog of $65.0 billion and $67.3 billion as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Our defense operations consist primarily of our RIS and RMD businesses and operations in the defense businesses within our Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney segments. Defense bookings were approximately $9.8 billion and $8.4 billion for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and approximately $30.2 billion and $21.8 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Defense bookings are impacted by the timing and amounts of awards in a given period, which are subject to numerous factors, including: (1) the desired capability by the customer and urgency of customer needs, (2) customer budgets and other fiscal constraints, (3) political and economic and other environmental factors, (4) the timing of customer negotiations, (5) the timing of governmental approvals and notifications, and (6) the timing of option exercises or increases in scope. In addition, due to these factors, quarterly bookings tend to fluctuate from period to period, particularly on a segment basis. As a result, we believe comparing bookings on a quarterly basis or for periods less than one year is less meaningful than for longer periods and that shorter term changes in bookings may not necessarily indicate a material trend.
Collins Aerospace Systems

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change |  | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change
Net Sales | $ | 4,592 |  | $ | 4,274 | 7 | % |  | $ | 13,507 |  | $ | 14,914 | (9) | %
Operating Profit | 478 |  | 526 | (9) | % |  | 1,298 |  | 1,455 | (11) | %
Operating Profit Margins | 10.4 | % |  | 12.3 | % |  |  | 9.6 | % |  | 9.8 | % |

Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  |  |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Restructuring Costs |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | 375 |  |  |  |  | $ | (67) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 318 |
Operating Profit | 411 |  |  |  |  | (18) |  |  | 136 |  |  | (577) |  |  | (48) |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales and operating profit for our segments. We believe that these measures are useful to investors because they provide transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net; restructuring costs; and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of these measures to reported U.S. GAAP amounts is provided in the table above.
The organic sales increase of $0.4 billion in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to higher commercial aerospace aftermarket sales of $0.4 billion, including increases
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across all aftermarket sales channels, primarily due to an increase in flight hours and aircraft fleet utilization as commercial aerospace continues to recover from the prior year’s unfavorable economic environment principally driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Commercial aerospace OEM sales were down slightly in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, with narrow-body OEM sales increases partially offsetting wide-body volume declines principally on the 787 platform. Military sales were also down slightly in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020.
The organic profit increase of $0.4 billion in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to higher commercial aerospace operating profit of $0.4 billion principally driven by the higher commercial aerospace aftermarket sales discussed above and favorable commercial aerospace aftermarket and OEM product mix. Included in organic profit in the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was $32 million of foreign government wage subsidies related to COVID-19.
The decrease in net sales and operating profit due to acquisitions / divestitures, net relates to the sale of our Collins Aerospace military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses in the third quarter of 2020.
The decrease in Other operating profits of $0.6 billion in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to the absence of prior year gains of $608 million on the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses discussed above.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Restructuring Costs |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | (1,145) |  |  | $ | (338) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 76 |  |  | $ | (1,407) |
Operating Profit | 275 |  |  | (94) |  |  | 263 |  |  | (601) |  |  | (157) |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales and operating profit for our segments. We believe that these measures are useful to investors because they provide transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net; restructuring costs; and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of these measures to reported U.S. GAAP amounts is provided in the table above.
The organic sales decrease of $1.1 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to lower commercial aerospace OEM sales of $0.9 billion and lower commercial aerospace aftermarket sales of $0.3 billion, including declines across all aftermarket sales channels. These decreases were primarily due to the change in the economic environment principally driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Military sales were up slightly in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
The organic profit increase of $0.3 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is primarily due to lower Selling, general and administrative expenses of $0.2 billion primarily driven by the absence of a $123 million charge related to increased estimates of expected credit losses due to customer bankruptcies and additional allowances for credit losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, and lower Research and development expenses of $0.1 billion, which includes the impact of cost reduction initiatives. Commercial aerospace operating profit decreased slightly and includes the impact of the lower commercial aerospace aftermarket sales discussed above, partially offset by the absence of $157 million of prior year significant unfavorable adjustments, the benefit of cost reduction initiatives, and a $33 million favorable impact from a contract related matter in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The significant unfavorable adjustments in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were primarily driven by the expected acceleration of fleet retirements of a certain aircraft. Included in organic profit in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $56 million of foreign government wage subsidies related to COVID-19.
The decrease in net sales and operating profit due to acquisitions / divestitures, net relates to the sale of our Collins Aerospace military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses in the third quarter of 2020.
The decrease in Other operating profits of $0.6 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to the absence of prior year gains of $608 million on the sales of the Collins Aerospace businesses discussed above.
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Pratt & Whitney

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change |  | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change
Net Sales | $ | 4,725 |  | $ | 3,494 | 35 | % |  | $ | 13,035 |  | $ | 12,334 | 6 | %
Operating Profit | 187 |  | (615) | NM |  | 319 |  | (597) | NM
Operating Profit Margins | 4.0 | % |  | (17.6) | % |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | (4.8) | % |

NM = Not Meaningful
Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  |  |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Restructuring Costs |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | 1,217 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 1,231 |
Operating Profit | 645 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 61 |  |  | 96 |  |  | 802 |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales and operating profit for our segments. We believe that these measures are useful to investors because they provide transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net; restructuring costs; and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of these measures to reported U.S. GAAP amounts is provided in the table above. For Pratt & Whitney only, Other also includes the transactional impact of foreign exchange hedging at Pratt & Whitney Canada due to its significance to Pratt & Whitney’s overall operating results.
The organic sales increase of $1.2 billion in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 reflects higher commercial aftermarket sales of $1.0 billion, primarily due to an increase in shop visits and related spare part sales, and higher commercial OEM sales of $0.2 billion, primarily due to an increase in commercial engine deliveries, all driven by the recovery from the prior year’s unfavorable economic environment largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior year commercial aftermarket sales include unfavorable EAC adjustments of $0.3 billion, discussed further below. Military sales were up slightly in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020.
The organic profit increase of $0.6 billion in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by higher commercial aerospace operating profit of $0.8 billion principally due to the aftermarket sales volume increase discussed above, favorable year-over-year EAC adjustments of $459 million, and favorable mix. The favorable year-over-year EAC adjustments were principally driven by the absence of prior year unfavorable EAC adjustments of $334 million related to a change in the estimated maintenance coverage period on a commercial engine aftermarket contract and $129 million due to the restructuring of a customer contract. Included in organic profit in the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was other income of $58 million related to foreign government wage subsidies related to COVID-19.
The increase in Other operating profit of $0.1 billion in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the absence of an $89 million impairment of commercial aircraft program assets recorded in the prior year.
In the quarter ended September 30, 2021, Pratt & Whitney booked $543 million for two F-135 sustainment contracts and $212 million for F100 engines for an international customer. In the quarter ended September 30, 2020, Pratt & Whitney booked $473 million for F-135 sustainment contracts.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Restructuring Costs |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | 609 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 92 |  | $ | 701 |
Operating Profit | 634 |  | — |  | 164 |  | 118 |  | 916 |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales and operating profit for our segments. We believe that these measures are useful to investors because they provide transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net; restructuring costs; and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of these measures to reported U.S. GAAP amounts is provided in the table above. For Pratt & Whitney only, Other also includes the transactional impact of foreign exchange hedging at Pratt & Whitney Canada due to its significance to Pratt & Whitney’s overall operating results.
The organic sales increase of $0.6 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 reflects higher commercial aftermarket sales of $0.7 billion, primarily due to an increase in shop visits and related spare part sales driven by the recovery from the prior year’s unfavorable economic environment largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by lower commercial OEM sales of $0.1 billion. Prior year commercial aftermarket sales include unfavorable EAC adjustments of $0.3 billion, discussed further below. Military sales were up slightly in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
The organic profit increase of $0.6 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by higher commercial aerospace operating profit of $0.5 billion principally due to the favorable year-over-year EAC adjustments of $533 million, and lower Selling, general and administrative expenses of $0.2 billion. The higher commercial aerospace operating profit also includes the impact of the aftermarket sales volume increase discussed above, which was largely offset by l ower commercial OEM operating profit due to unfavorable mix and lower sales volume. The year-over-year favorable commercial aerospace EAC adjustments were principally driven by prior year unfavorable EAC adjustments of $334 million related to a change in the estimated maintenance coverage period on a commercial engine aftermarket contract, $129 million due to the restructuring of a customer contract, and $62 million net unfavorable EAC adjustments based on a portfolio review of our commercial aftermarket programs. T he lower Selling, general and administrative expenses were primarily driven by the absence of a $229 million charge in the prior year related to increased estimates of expected credit losses due to customer bankruptcies and additional allowances for credit loss es. Also i ncluded in the organic change in operating profit was other income related to foreign government wage subsidies related to COVID-19 of $52 million and $117 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and an unfavorable EAC adjustment on a military program of $44 million in the second quarter of 2020 primarily driven by a shift in estimated overhead costs due to lower commercial engine activity.
The increase in Other operating profit of $0.1 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the absence of an $89 million impairment of commercial aircraft program assets recorded in the prior year.
In addition to the bookings discussed above, in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, Pratt & Whitney had two notable defense bookings for $593 million in total for F-135 sustainment contracts. In addition to the bookings discussed above, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Pratt & Whitney booked $1.2 billion for the F-135 program and $168 million for the Tanker program.
Raytheon Intelligence & Space

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change |  | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change
Net Sales | $ | 3,740 |  | $ | 3,749 |  | — | % |  | $ | 11,310 |  | $ | 7,136 |  | 58 | %
Operating Profit | 391 |  | 350 |  | 12 | % |  | 1,194 |  | 659 |  | 81 | %
Operating Profit Margins | 10.5 | % |  | 9.3 | % |  |  | 10.6 | % |  | 9.2 | % |
Bookings | $ | 2,894 |  | $ | 2,955 |  | (2) | % |  | $ | 10,572 |  | $ | 6,667 |  | 59 | %

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Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change in Net Sales |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  |  |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  |  |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | (45) |  |  |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | (9) |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales for our segments. We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net, and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of this measure to the reported U.S. GAAP amount is provided in the table above.

| Factors Contributing to Change in Operating Profit |
(dollars in millions) | Volume |  | Net change in EAC adjustments |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Mix and other performance |  | Total Change
Operating Profit | $ | (9) |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 41 |

Organic sales in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 were relatively consistent with the quarter ended September 30, 2020.
The increase in operating profit of $41 million and the related increase in operating profit margins in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was primarily due to the net favorable change in EAC adjustments of $45 million, which was spread across numerous programs and primarily a result of the Raytheon Merger and the associated reset to zero percent complete for contracts accounted for on a percentage of completion basis.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change in Net Sales |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  |  |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  |  |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | 120 |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,023 |  |  |  |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 4,174 |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales for our segments. We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net, and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of this measure to the reported U.S. GAAP amount is provided in the table above.

| Factors Contributing to Change in Operating Profit |
(dollars in millions) | Volume |  | Net change in EAC adjustments |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Mix and other performance |  | Total Change
Operating Profit | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 98 |  |  | $ | 404 |  |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 535 |

Organic sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were relatively consistent with the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Included in the increase in organic sales was higher net sales of $142 million on certain Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) programs within sensing and effects primarily due to increased production driven by customer demand, higher volume of $91 million on certain classified cyber programs within cyber, training and services primarily due to increases in customer-determined activity levels, and lower net sales of $71 million due to lower volume on certain Space ISR programs within sensing and effects.
The increase in operating profit of $535 million and the related increase in operating profit margins in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, was primarily due to the change in acquisitions / divestitures, net of $404 million, and the net favorable change in EAC adjustments of $98 million, which was spread across numerous programs and primarily a result of the Raytheon Merger and the associated reset to zero percent complete for contracts accounted for on a percentage of completion basis.
The increase in net sales and operating profit due to acquisitions / divestitures, net primarily relates to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020.
Backlog and Bookings– Backlog was $18.7 billion at September 30, 2021 and $19.2 billion at December 31, 2020. In the quarter ended September 30, 2021, RIS booked $962 million on a number of classified contracts. In addition to these bookings, in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, RIS booked $2,539 million on a number of classified contracts, $365 million on the Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System (STARS) program for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), $227 million on a missile warning and defense contract, $211 million to provide additional upgrades to the Global Positioning System Next Generation Operational Control System (GPS OCX) program for the U.S. Air Force, $199 million on an international tactical airborne radar sustainment contract, $185 million on an international training contract with the U.K. Royal
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Navy, and $172 million on the Next Generation Jammer (NGJ) Mid-Band Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) contract with the U.S. Navy.
In the quarter ended September 30, 2020, RIS booked $928 million on a number of classified contracts and $176 million to perform operations and sustainment for the U.S. Air Force’s Launch and Test Range System (LTRS). In addition to these bookings, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, RIS booked $1,418 million on a number of classified contracts and $166 million on the Global Aircrew Strategic Network Terminal (Global ASNT) program for the U.S. Air Force.
Raytheon Missiles & Defense

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change |  | 2021 |  | 2020 | Change
Net Sales | $ | 3,902 |  | $ | 3,706 |  | 5 | % |  | $ | 11,680 |  | $ | 7,212 |  | 62 | %
Operating Profit | 490 |  | 449 |  | 9 | % |  | 1,518 |  | 847 |  | 79 | %
Operating Profit Margins | 12.6 | % |  | 12.1 | % |  |  | 13.0 | % |  | 11.7 | % |
Bookings | $ | 3,901 |  | $ | 2,489 |  | 57 | % |  | $ | 12,487 |  | $ | 6,598 |  | 89 | %

Quarter Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change in Net Sales |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  |  |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  |  |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | 193 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 196 |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales for our segments. We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net, and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of this measure to the reported U.S. GAAP amount is provided in the table above.

| Factors Contributing to Change in Operating Profit |
(dollars in millions) | Volume |  | Net change in EAC adjustments |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Mix and other performance |  | Total Change
Operating Profit | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 41 |

The organic sales increase of $193 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to higher net sales of $143 million to an international customer driven by planned increases in production on NASAMS and higher net sales of $87 million on the AMRAAM program including the recognition of previously deferred precontract costs resulting from a contract award in the third quarter of 2021, partially offset by lower net sales of $65 million related to sales on our direct commercial sales contracts for precision guided munitions with a Middle East customer that had been recognized in the quarter ended September 30, 2020, but subsequently reversed in the fourth quarter of 2020. We have not yet obtained regulatory approval on these contracts, and we subsequently reversed these sales because we determined, due to then-current events, that it was no longer probable that we will be able to obtain regulatory approvals for these contracts.
The increase in operating profit of $41 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was primarily due to an increase in volume of $21 million principally driven by the activity on the programs described above in organic sales. The increase in operating profit margins was primarily due to the change in mix and other performance.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

| Factors Contributing to Total Change in Net Sales |  |
(dollars in millions) | Organic(1) |  |  |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  |  |  | Other |  | Total Change
Net Sales | $ | 452 |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,999 |  |  |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 4,468 |

(1) We provide the organic change in net sales for our segments. We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides transparency to the underlying performance of our business, which allows for better year-over-year comparability. The organic change excludes acquisitions and divestitures, net, and the effect of foreign currency exchange rate translation fluctuations and other significant non-recurring and non-operational items (“Other”). A reconciliation of this measure to the reported U.S. GAAP amount is provided in the table above.

| Factors Contributing to Change in Operating Profit |
(dollars in millions) | Volume |  | Net change in EAC adjustments |  | Acquisitions / Divestitures, net |  | Mix and other performance |  | Total Change
Operating Profit | $ | 42 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 521 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 671 |

The organic sales increase of $452 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to higher net sales of $118 million on an international Patriot program driven by a contract modification in the second quarter of 2021, which included the recognition of previously deferred precontract costs, higher net sales of $92 million to an international customer driven by planned increases in production on NASAMS, higher net sales of $84 million on the AMRAAM program including the recognition of previously deferred precontract costs resulting from a contract award in the third quarter of 2021 and higher net sales of $78 million on the StormBreaker program primarily due to the recognition of previously deferred precontract costs based on a contract award in the second quarter of 2021, partially offset by lower net sales of $119 million related to sales on our direct commercial sales contracts for precision guided munitions with a Middle East customer as discussed above.
The increase in operating profit of $671 million and the related increase in operating profit margins in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to a change in acquisitions / divestitures, net of $521 million.
The increase in net sales and operating profit due to acquisitions / divestitures, net relates to the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020.
Backlog and Bookings– Backlog was $29.6 billion at September 30, 2021 and $29.1 billion at December 31, 2020. In the quarter ended September 30, 2021, RMD booked $570 million for AMRAAM for the U.S. Air Force and Navy and international customers, $432 million to provide Guidance Enhanced Missiles (GEM-T) for an international customer, $358 million for Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM) for the U.S. Navy and international customers, $291 million for Stinger missiles for international customers and $175 million to provide Patriot technical assistance for an international customer. RMD also booked $400 million on a number of classified contracts. In addition to these bookings, in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, RMD booked approximately $2 billion for the Long Range Standoff (LRSO) Weapon System Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) contract for the U.S. Air Force, $1,315 million for the Next Generation Interceptor (NGI) for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA), $518 million for AMRAAM for the U.S. Air Force and Navy and international customers, $327 million for AIM-9X Sidewinder short-range air-to-air missiles for the U.S. Navy and Air Force and international customers, $247 million to provide Patriot engineering services support for the U.S. Army and international customers, $242 million on the Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance-Model 2 (AN/TPY-2) radar program for the MDA, and $213 million for StormBreaker for the U.S. Air Force and Navy.
In the quarter ended September 30, 2020, RMD booked $186 million on the AN/TPY-2 radar program for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In addition to these bookings, in the nine months ended September 30, 2020, RMD booked $2,253 million on the AN/TPY-2 radar program for KSA and $321 million for Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) for the MDA and an international customer.
Eliminations and other
Eliminations and other reflects the elimination of sales, other income and operating profit transacted between segments, as well as the operating results of certain smaller non-reportable business segments, including Forcepoint, which was acquired as part of the Raytheon Merger and subsequently disposed of on January 8, 2021, as further discussed in “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
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| Net Sales |  | Operating Profit
| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Quarter Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Inter segment eliminations | $ | (745) |  |  | $ | (655) |  |  | $ | (16) |  |  | $ | (37) |
Other non-reportable segments | (1) |  |  | 179 |  |  | (11) |  |  | (12) |
Eliminations and other | $ | (746) |  |  | $ | (476) |  |  | $ | (27) |  |  | $ | (49) |

The decrease in other non-reportable segment sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was primarily related to the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021.
Other non-reportable segment operating profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 was relatively consistent with the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

| Net Sales |  | Operating Profit
| Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Inter segment eliminations | $ | (2,203) |  |  | $ | (1,756) |  |  | $ | (72) |  |  | $ | (73) |
Other non-reportable segments | 15 |  |  | 328 |  |  | (26) |  |  | (28) |
Eliminations and other | $ | (2,188) |  |  | $ | (1,428) |  |  | $ | (98) |  |  | $ | (101) |

The decrease in other non-reportable segment sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, was primarily related to the sale of our Forcepoint business in the first quarter of 2021.
Other non-reportable segments operating profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was relatively consistent with the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items consists of costs and certain other unallowable corporate costs not considered part of management’s evaluation of reportable segment operating performance including restructuring and merger costs related to the Raytheon Merger, net costs associated with corporate research and development, including the Lower Tier Air and Missile Defense Sensor (LTAMDS) program which was acquired as part of the Raytheon Merger, and certain reserves. See “Restructuring Costs,” above, for a more detailed discussion of our restructuring costs.

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Corporate expenses and other unallocated items | $ | (89) |  |  | $ | (84) |  |  | $ | (319) |  |  | $ | (491) |

Corporate expenses and other unallocated items in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 were relatively consistent with the quarter ended September 30, 2020.
The decrease in Corporate expenses and other unallocated items of $172 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by a decrease in merger-related costs related to the Raytheon Merger of $128 million and lower restructuring costs of $112 million, partially offset by an increase in net expenses related to the LTAMDS project.
FAS/CAS operating adjustment
The segment results of RIS and RMD include pension and PRB expense as determined under U.S. government CAS, which we generally recover through the pricing of our products and services to the U.S. government. The difference between our CAS expense and the FAS service cost attributable to these segments under U.S. GAAP is the FAS/CAS operating adjustment. The FAS/CAS operating adjustment results in consolidated pension expense in operating profit equal to the service cost component of FAS expense under U.S. GAAP. The segment results of Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney generally include FAS service cost.
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The components of the FAS/CAS operating adjustment were as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
FAS service cost (expense) | $ | (102) |  |  | $ | (118) |  |  | $ | (304) |  |  | $ | (227) |
CAS expense | 601 |  |  | 498 |  |  | 1,651 |  |  | 963 |
FAS/CAS operating adjustment | $ | 499 |  |  | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 1,347 |  |  | $ | 736 |

The change in our FAS/CAS operating adjustment of $119 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020 was driven by a $103 million increase in CAS expense, as well as a $16 million decrease in FAS service cost. The increase in CAS expense was primarily due to the third quarter 2021 update to our actuarial estimates.
The change in our FAS/CAS operating adjustment of $611 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was driven by a $688 million increase in CAS expense, partially offset by a $77 million increase in FAS service cost. The increase in our CAS expense was primarily due to the inclusion of the Raytheon Company plans as a result of the Raytheon Merger. The increase in our FAS service cost was primarily due to the inclusion of the Raytheon Company plans as a result of the Raytheon Merger, partially offset by the Raytheon domestic defined pension plan amendment, as described below.
In December 2020, we approved a change to the Raytheon Company domestic defined benefit pension plans for non-union participants to cease future benefit accruals based on an employee’s years of service and compensation effective December 31, 2022. The plan change does not impact participants’ historical benefit accruals. Benefits for service after December 31, 2022 will be based on a cash balance formula.
In response to the economic environment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA) in March 2021, which included pension funding relief provisions. These provisions extend and expand upon existing pension funding relief, most notably by increasing the liability interest rates used to determine the required cash contributions for our U.S. qualified pension plans. As a result, we do not currently expect cash contributions to be required for our U.S. qualified pension plans in 2021 or 2022.
The ARPA pension funding relief provisions are also expected to result in decreases to CAS expense, and the related recovery under our contracts, for our U.S. qualified pension plans beginning in 2022 as the interest rates used to determine pension funding requirements for these plans are also used in determining CAS expense.
Acquisition accounting adjustments
Acquisition accounting adjustments include the amortization of acquired intangible assets related to acquisitions, the amortization of the property, plant and equipment fair value adjustment acquired through acquisitions and the amortization of customer contractual obligations related to loss making or below market contracts acquired. These adjustments are not considered part of management’s evaluation of segment results.
The components of Acquisition accounting adjustments were as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Goodwill impairment charge | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3,183) |
Amortization of acquired intangibles | (610) |  |  | (596) |  |  | (1,789) |  |  | (1,547) |
Amortization of property, plant and equipment fair value adjustment | (21) |  |  | (19) |  |  | (84) |  |  | (46) |
Amortization of customer contractual obligations related to acquired loss-making and below-market contracts | 45 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 237 |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | $ | (586) |  |  | $ | (523) |  |  | $ | (1,621) |  |  | $ | (4,539) |

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Acquisition accounting adjustments related to acquisitions in each segment were as follows:

| Quarter Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Collins Aerospace Systems | $ | (196) |  |  | $ | (157) |  |  | $ | (466) |  |  | $ | (3,736) |
Pratt & Whitney | (47) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (98) |  |  | (91) |
Raytheon Intelligence & Space | (132) |  |  | (130) |  |  | (433) |  |  | (258) |
Raytheon Missiles & Defense | (211) |  |  | (204) |  |  | (624) |  |  | (404) |
Total segment | (586) |  |  | (498) |  |  | (1,621) |  |  | (4,489) |
Eliminations and other | — |  |  | (25) |  |  | — |  |  | (50) |
Acquisition accounting adjustments | $ | (586) |  |  | $ | (523) |  |  | $ | (1,621) |  |  | $ | (4,539) |

The change in the Acquisition accounting adjustments of $63 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was primarily driven by an increase at Pratt & Whitney primarily due to an increase in collaboration intangibles amortization driven by an increase in V2500 program activity and Collins Aerospace primarily due to the impact of foreign currency exchange rates.
The change in the Acquisition accounting adjustments of $2,918 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, is primarily driven by the $3.2 billion goodwill impairment loss in the second quarter of 2020 related to two Collins Aerospace reporting units, partially offset by an increase of $361 million for acquisition accounting adjustments related to the Raytheon Merger, primarily due to the timing of the merger in the prior year. Included in Acquisition accounting adjustments in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $116 million of amortization of customer contractual obligations due to the accelerated liquidation of below-market contract reserves at Collins Aerospace driven by the termination of two customer contracts. Refer to “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on the goodwill impairment loss.
LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION

(dollars in millions) |  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020 |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 7,476 |  |  | $ | 8,802 |  |  |
Total debt |  | 31,248 |  |  | 31,823 |  |  |
Total equity |  | 72,937 |  |  | 73,852 |  |  |
Total capitalization (total debt plus total equity) |  | 104,185 |  |  | 105,675 |  |  |
Total debt to total capitalization |  | 30 | % |  | 30 | % |  |

We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our operating, investing and financing activities. Our principal source of liquidity is cash flows from operating activities. In addition to operating cash flows, other significant factors that affect our overall management of liquidity include: capital expenditures, customer financing requirements, investments in and divestitures of businesses, dividends, common stock repurchases, pension funding, access to the commercial paper markets, adequacy of available bank lines of credit, redemptions of debt, and the ability to attract long-term capital at satisfactory terms. We had $6.84 billion available under our various credit facilities at September 30, 2021.
Although our business has been and will continue to be impacted by COVID-19, as discussed above in Business Overview, we currently believe we have sufficient liquidity to withstand the potential impacts.
At September 30, 2021, we had cash and cash equivalents of $7.5 billion, of which approximatel y 35% was held by RTC’s foreign subsidiaries. We manage our worldwide cash requirements by reviewing available funds among the many subsidiaries through which we conduct our business and the cost effectiveness with which those funds can be accessed. The Company does not intend to reinvest certain undistributed earnings of its international subsidiaries that have been previously taxed in the U.S. Taxes associated with the future remittance of these earnings have been recorded. For the remainder of the Company’s undistributed international earnings, unless tax effective to repatriate, RTC will continue to permanently reinvest these earnings. We have repatriated approximately $1.8 billion of cash in the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Historically, our strong credit ratings and financial position have enabled us to issue long-term debt at favorable interest rates.
As of September 30, 2021, our maximum commercial paper borrowing limit was $5.0 billion as the commercial paper is backed by our $5.0 billion revolving credit agreement. We had $160 million of commercial paper borrowings as of September 30, 2021. The daily average amount of short-term commercial paper borrowings outstanding during the nine months ended
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September 30, 2021 was $191 million. We use our commercial paper borrowings for general corporate purposes, including the funding of potential acquisitions, pension contributions, debt refinancing, dividend payments and repurchases of our common stock. The commercial paper notes outstanding have original maturities of not more than 90 days from the date of issuance.
In May 2021, we renewed our $2.0 billion revolving credit agreement, which now expires in May 2022. As of September 30, 2021, we had revolving credit agreements with various banks permitting aggregate borrowings of up to $7.0 billion consisting of a $5.0 billion revolving credit agreement that became available upon completion of the Raytheon Merger on April 3, 2020, and the $2.0 billion revolving credit agreement, and there were no borrowings outstanding under these agreements.
We have an existing universal shelf registration statement, which we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on September 27, 2019, for an indeterminate amount of debt and equity securities for future issuance, subject to our internal limitations on the amount of debt to be issued under this shelf registration statement.
The Company has offered a voluntary supply chain finance (SCF) program with a global financial institution which enables our suppliers, at their sole discretion, to sell their receivables from the Company to the financial institution at a rate that leverages our credit rating, which might be beneficial to them. Our suppliers’ participation in the SCF program does not impact or change our terms and conditions with those suppliers, and therefore, we have no economic interest in a supplier’s decision to participate in the program. In addition, we provide no guarantees or otherwise pay for any of the costs of the program incurred by those suppliers that choose to participate, and have no direct financial relationship with the financial institution, as it relates to the program. As such, amounts due to suppliers that have elected to participate in the SCF program are included in Accounts payable on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and all payment activity related to amounts due to suppliers that elected to participate in the SCF program are reflected in cash flows from operating activities in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The SCF program does not impact our overall liquidity.
We believe our cash on hand and future operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our future operating cash needs. Further, we continue to have access to the commercial paper markets and our existing credit facilities, and our ability to obtain debt or equity financing, as well as the availability under committed credit lines, provides additional potential sources of liquidity should they be required or appropriate.
Cash Flow - Operating Activities

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020
Net cash flows provided by operating activities from continuing operations | $ | 3,981 |  |  | $ | 2,964 |
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations | (27) |  |  | (693) |

Operating Activities - Continuing Operations. Cash generated by operating activities from continuing operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $1,017 million higher than the same period in 2020. This increase was primarily due to higher net income after adjustments for depreciation and amortization, deferred income tax provision, stock compensation costs, net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit and the goodwill impairment charge, totaling $3.0 billion, partially offset by an unfavorable change in working capital, primarily due to an unfavorable change in working capital at the RIS and RMD segments in the first quarter of 2021 with no comparable activity in the first quarter of 2020 as a result of the Raytheon Merger. This unfavorable change in working capital at RIS and RMD includes a cash outflow for accounts payable and accrued liabilities due to the timing of incentive compensation payments. Also included in the unfavorable change in working capital was an increase in current year contract assets principally driven by the timing of billings at Pratt & Whitney and contractual billing terms on U.S. government and foreign military sales contracts at RMD, partially offset by the absence of a reduction of accounts payable and accounts receivable in the prior year at Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney due to a decline in volume principally driven by the economic environment primarily due to COVID-19.
The Company enters into various factoring agreements with third-party financial institutions to sell certain of its receivables. Factoring activity had minimal impact on cash flows provided by operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to a decrease in cash flows provided by operating activities of $0.8 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The year over year increase in factoring activity was primarily due to the higher sales volume in 2021 as compared to 2020, and includes amounts factored on certain aerospace receivables at the customers’ request for which we are compensated by the customer for the extended collection cycle.
We made pension and PRB contributions of $38 million and $64 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
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In response to the economic environment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed the ARPA in March 2021, which included pension funding relief provisions. These provisions extend and expand upon existing pension funding relief, most notably by increasing the liability interest rates used to determine the required cash contributions for our U.S. qualified pension plans. As a result, we do not currently expect cash contributions to be required for our U.S. qualified pension plans in 2021 or 2022.
We made net tax payments of $906 million and $488 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Operating Activities - Discontinued Operations. The $666 million change in cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the absence of separation costs in 2021 as the Separation Transactions occurred on April 3, 2020.
Cash Flow - Investing Activities

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020
Net cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities from continuing operations | $ | (139) |  |  | $ | 4,152 |
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations | — |  |  | (241) |

Our investing activities primarily include capital expenditures, cash investments in customer financing assets, investments/dispositions of businesses, payments related to our collaboration intangible assets and contractual rights to provide product on new aircraft platforms, and settlements of derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments.
Investing Activities - Continuing Operations. The $4,291 million change in cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities from continuing operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to September 30, 2020 primarily relates to the absence of cash acquired in the Raytheon Merger in the prior year of $3.2 billion and the prior year sale of our Collins Aerospace military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses, partially offset by the current year sale of our Forcepoint business described below.
Capital expenditures in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were relatively consistent with the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Dispositions of businesses in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $1.1 billion, net of cash transferred and related to the sale of our Forcepoint business. Dispositions of businesses in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $2,575 million primarily related to the sale of our Collins Aerospace military GPS and space-based precision optics businesses for $2.3 billion in gross cash proceeds. For additional detail, see “Note 2: Acquisitions, Dispositions, Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Customer financing assets (payments) receipts, net included payments of $175 million and $251 million in nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and receipts of $199 million and $113 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The decrease in payments was due to fewer engines added in the nine months ended 2021 compared to 2020. The increase in receipts was driven by a sale and leaseback transaction for the sale of equipment in the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we increased our collaboration intangible assets by $138 million, which primarily relates to payments made under our 2012 agreement to acquire Rolls-Royce’s collaboration interests in International Aero Engines AG (IAE) based on hours flown on the V2500-powered aircrafts in service as of the agreement date.
As discussed in “Note 13: Financial Instruments” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, we enter into derivative instruments primarily for risk management purposes, including derivatives designated as hedging instruments and those utilized as economic hedges. We operate internationally and, in the normal course of business, are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices. These fluctuations can increase the costs of financing, investing and operating the business. We have used derivative instruments, including swaps, forward contracts and options, to manage certain foreign currency, interest rate and commodity price exposures. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we had net cash receipts of $42 million and payments of $115 million, respectively, from the settlement of these derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2021, we entered into definitive agreements related to two pending acquisitions. On August 30, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire FlightAware, a digital aviation company that operates flight tracking and data platforms, within our Collins Aerospace segment. On September 12, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire SEAKR Engineering, Inc., a supplier of advanced space electronics, within our Raytheon Intelligence &
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Space segment. We expect cash outflows related to these acquisitions to be approximately $1.0 billion. The closings of these transactions are subject to customary closing conditions, including receipt of regulatory approvals.
On September 8, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to divest our global training and logistics business within our Raytheon Intelligence & Space segment. The closing of the transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of required regulatory approvals.
Investing Activities - Discontinued Operations. The $241 million decrease in cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is primarily driven by outflows from short-term investment activity of $160 million and capital expenditures of $87 million in 2020 which did not recur in 2021, as the Separation Transactions occurred on April 3, 2020.
Cash Flow - Financing Activities

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020
Net cash flows used in financing activities from continuing operations | $ | (5,182) |  |  | $ | (2,056) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from discontinued operations | 27 |  |  | (1,449) |

Our financing activities primarily include the issuance and repayment of short-term and long-term debt, payment of dividends and stock repurchases.
Financing Activities - Continuing Operations. Financing activities were a cash outflow of $5.2 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to a cash outflow of $2.1 billion in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. This change was driven by the net changes in issuances and repayments of long-term debt not related to the Separation Transactions of $2.6 billion, and an increase in share repurchases of $2.0 billion, partially offset by the change in net cash transfers to discontinued operations of $2.0 billion.
Refer to “Note 9: Borrowings and Lines of Credit” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on debt issuances and repayments.
At September 30, 2021, management had remaining authority to repurchase approximately $3.0 billion of our common stock under the December 7, 2020 share repurchase program. Under this program, shares may be purchased on the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, under accelerated share repurchase programs, and under plans complying with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. We may also reacquire shares outside of the program from time to time in connection with the surrender of shares to cover taxes on vesting of restricted stock and as required under our employee savings plan. Our ability to repurchase shares is subject to applicable law.
Our share repurchases were as follows:

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions; shares in thousands) |  | 2021 |  | 2020
|  | $ | Shares |  | $ | Shares
Shares of Common Stock repurchased |  | $ | 2,000 |  | 24,152 |  |  | $ | 47 |  | 330 |

Our Board of Directors authorized the following cash dividends:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020
Dividends paid per share of Common Stock | $ | 1.495 |  |  | $ | 1.685 |
Total dividends paid | $ | 2,212 |  |  | $ | 2,026 |

On June 21, 2021 the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.51 per share payable September 9, 2021 to shareowners of record at the close of business on August 20, 2021. Also, on October 13, 2021, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.51 per share payable December 16, 2021 to shareowners of record at the close of business on November 19, 2021.
Financing Activities - Discontinued Operations. The $1,476 million increase in cash provided by financing activities from discontinued operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to September 30, 2020 is driven by a $2.0 billion change in net transfer activity, partially offset by the absence of $703 million of debt extinguishment costs related to the early repayment of debt in the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There has been no significant change in our exposure to market risk during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. For discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” contained in our 2020 Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO), the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and the Corporate Vice President and Controller (Controller), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2021. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our CEO, CFO and Controller concluded that, as of September 30, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO, CFO and Controller, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Cautionary Note Concerning Factors That May Affect Future Results
This Form 10-Q contains statements which, to the extent they are not statements of historical or present fact, constitute “forward-looking statements” under the securities laws. From time to time, oral or written forward-looking statements may also be included in other information released to the public. These forward-looking statements are intended to provide management’s current expectations or plans for our future operating and financial performance, based on assumptions currently believed to be valid. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “expectations,” “plans,” “strategy,” “prospects,” “estimate,” “project,” “target,” “anticipate,” “will,” “should,” “see,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “confident,” “on track” and other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements may include, among other things, statements relating to future sales, earnings, cash flow, results of operations, uses of cash, share repurchases, tax payments and rates, research and development spending, other measures of financial performance, potential future plans, strategies or transactions, credit ratings and net indebtedness, the Raytheon Merger or the Separation Transactions, including estimated synergies and customer cost savings resulting from the Raytheon Merger and the anticipated benefits and costs of the Separation Transactions and other statements that are not solely historical facts. All forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. For those statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, without limitation:
•the effect of economic conditions in the industries and countries in which Raytheon Technologies Corporation (RTC) operates in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including financial market conditions, fluctuations in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, levels of end-customer demand in both the commercial and defense segments of the aerospace industry, levels of air travel, financial condition of commercial airlines, the impact of pandemic health issues (including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global air travel and commercial and business activities which have not yet fully recovered to pre-pandemic levels, and that the timing and extent of such recovery may be impacted by factors including the efficacy, acceptance and distribution of vaccines, coronavirus variants and additional outbreaks) and actions taken in response to pandemic health issues (including the impact on supply generally and impact of vaccine mandates on supply chain and operations), aviation safety concerns, weather conditions and natural disasters, the financial condition of our customers and suppliers, and the risks associated with U.S. government sales (including changes or shifts in defense spending due to budgetary constraints, spending cuts resulting from sequestration or the allocation of funds to governmental responses to COVID-19, a government shutdown, or otherwise, and uncertain funding of programs);
•challenges in the development, production, delivery, support, performance, safety, regulatory compliance and realization of the anticipated benefits (including our expected returns under customer contracts) of advanced technologies and new products and services;
•the scope, nature, impact or timing of acquisition and divestiture activity, including among other things the integration of United Technologies Corporation (UTC) and Raytheon Company’s businesses and the integration of RTC with other businesses acquired before and after the Raytheon Merger, and realization of synergies and opportunities for growth and innovation and incurrence of related costs and expenses, including the possibility that the anticipated benefits from the combination of UTC and Raytheon Company’s businesses or other acquired businesses cannot be realized in full or may take longer to realize than expected, or the possibility that costs or difficulties related to the integration of UTC’s businesses with Raytheon Company’s or other acquired businesses will be greater than expected or may not result in the achievement of estimated synergies within the contemplated time frame or at all;
•RTC’s levels of indebtedness, capital spending and research and development spending;
•future availability of credit and factors that may affect such availability, including credit market conditions and our capital structure;
•the timing and scope of future repurchases by RTC of its common stock, which are subject to a number of uncertainties and may be discontinued, accelerated, suspended or delayed at any time due to various factors, including market conditions and the level of other investing activities and uses of cash;
•delays and disruption in delivery of materials and services from suppliers;
•company and customer-directed cost reduction efforts and restructuring costs and savings and other consequences thereof (including the potential termination of U.S. government contracts and performance under undefinitized contract actions and the potential inability to recover termination costs);
•new business and investment opportunities;
•the ability to realize the intended benefits of organizational changes;
•the anticipated benefits of diversification and balance of operations across product lines, regions and industries;
•the outcome of legal proceedings, investigations and other contingencies;
•pension plan assumptions and future contributions;
•the impact of the negotiation of collective bargaining agreements and labor disputes;
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•the effect of changes in political conditions in the U.S. and other countries in which RTC and its businesses operate, including the effect of changes in U.S. trade policies, on general market conditions, global trade policies and currency exchange rates in the near term and beyond;
•changes in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) policies or priorities;
•the effect of changes in tax due to new legislation or other developments (including the recent Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Inclusive Framework agreement and changes that may be enacted by the current U.S. Congress), environmental, regulatory and other laws and regulations (including, among other things, export and import requirements such as the International Traffic in Arms Regulations and the Export Administration Regulations, anti-bribery and anti-corruption requirements, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, industrial cooperation agreement obligations, and procurement and other regulations) in the U.S. and other countries in which RTC and its businesses operate;
•the ability of RTC to retain and hire key personnel and the ability of our personnel to continue to operate our facilities and businesses around the world; and
•the intended qualification of (1) the Raytheon Merger as a tax-free reorganization and (2) the Separation Transactions and other internal restructurings as tax-free to UTC and former UTC shareowners, in each case, for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
In addition, this Form 10-Q includes important information as to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. See “Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under the headings “Results of Operations,” “Restructuring Costs” and “Liquidity and Financial Condition,” within Item 2 of this Form 10-Q. Additional important information as to these factors is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K in the sections titled Item 1, “Business” under the headings “General,” “Business Segments” and “Other Matters Relating to Our Business,” Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” Item 3, “Legal Proceedings,” and Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under the headings “Business Overview,” “Critical Accounting Estimates,” “Environmental Matters” and “Governmental Matters.” The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report or, in the case of any document incorporated by reference, the date of that document. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. Additional information as to factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements is disclosed from time to time in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See “Note 17: Commitments and Contingencies” within Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for a discussion regarding material legal proceedings.
Except as otherwise noted above, there have been no material developments in legal proceedings. For previously reported information about legal proceedings refer to Part I, Item 3, “Legal Proceedings,” of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risk Factors
You should carefully review and consider the information regarding certain factors which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results set forth under Item 1A. in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K (2020 Form 10-K). There have been no material changes from the factors disclosed in our 2020 Form 10-K, although we may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information about our purchases of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.

2021 |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased (000’s) |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Program (000’s) |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (dollars in millions)
July 1 - July 31 |  | 1,982 |  |  | $ | 85.17 |  |  | 1,982 |  |  | $ | 3,811 |
August 1 - August 31 |  | 4,604 |  |  | 86.55 |  |  | 4,604 |  |  | $ | 3,413 |
September 1 - September 30 |  | 4,949 |  |  | 83.90 |  |  | 4,949 |  |  | $ | 2,998 |
Total |  | 11,535 |  |  | $ | 85.18 |  |  | 11,535 |  |  |

On December 7, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $5 billion of our common stock, replacing the previous program announced on October 14, 2015. Under this program, shares may be purchased on the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, under accelerated share repurchase programs, and under plans complying with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. We may also reacquire shares outside of the program from time to time in connection with the surrender of shares to cover taxes on vesting of restricted stock and as required under our employee savings plan. Our ability to repurchase shares is subject to applicable law. No shares were reacquired in transactions outside the program during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.
Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number |  | Exhibit Description
15 |  | Letter re: unaudited interim financial information.*
31.1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification.*
31.2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification.*
31.3 |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification.*
32 |  | Section 1350 Certifications.*
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.*
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.*
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.*
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.*
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.*
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.*
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

Notes to Exhibits List:
* Submitted electronically herewith.
Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | RAYTHEON TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION (Registrant)
Dated: | October 26, 2021 | By: | /s/ NEIL G. MITCHILL JR.
|  |  | Neil G. Mitchill Jr.
|  |  | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
|  |  | (on behalf of the Registrant and as the Registrant’s Principal Financial Officer)
Dated: | October 26, 2021 | By: | /s/ AMY L. JOHNSON
|  |  | Amy L. Johnson
|  |  | Corporate Vice President and Controller
|  |  | (on behalf of the Registrant and as the Registrant’s Principal Accounting Officer)

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