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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Comprehensive Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign | The domestic and foreign components of comprehensive loss before income taxes were as follows:
| Years ended
| December 31, 2018 $ |  | December 31, 2017 $
Domestic | (71,188 | ) |  | (31,056 | )
Foreign | (9,016 | ) |  | (3,686 | )
| (80,204 | ) |  | (34,742 | )
Reconciliation of the Expected Provision for Income Tax Recovery/Expense to the Actual Provision for Income Tax Recovery/Expense | The reconciliation of the expected provision for income tax recovery/expense to the actual provision for income tax recovery/expense reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:
| Years ended
| December 31, 2018 $ |  | December 31, 2017 $
Comprehensive loss | (80,204 | ) |  | (34,742 | )
Expected income tax expense at Canadian statutory income tax rate of 26.51% (2017 - 26.51%) | (21,269 | ) |  | (9,211 | )
Permanent differences | 16,057 |  |  | 13,015 |
Share issuance costs | (8,051 | ) |  | (4,502 | )
Stock-based compensation benefits | (3,132 | ) |  | (4,722 | )
State tax losses | (659 | ) |  | (4,875 | )
Other items | (88 | ) |  | 367 |
Foreign tax rate differential | 1,726 |  |  | 711 |
Increase in valuation allowance | 15,416 |  |  | 9,217 |
Provision for income tax (recovery) expense | — |  |  | — |
Significant Components of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities | The significant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:
| December 31, 2018 $ |  | December 31, 2017 $
Deferred tax assets |  |  |
State tax loss carryforwards | 7,493 |  |  | 6,839 |
Share issuance costs | 8,011 |  |  | 6,662 |
Lease accruals and reserves | 8,384 |  |  | 5,747 |
Tax loss carryforwards | 12,047 |  |  | 4,283 |
Scientific Research & Experimental Development (SR&ED) expenditure carryforwards | 2,539 |  |  | 3,486 |
Temporary differences on capital and intangible assets | 2,366 |  |  | 3,236 |
Investment tax credits | 3,294 |  |  | 3,046 |
Stock based compensation expense | 6,427 |  |  | 237 |
Valuation allowance | (46,343 | ) |  | (31,653 | )
Total deferred tax assets | 4,218 |  |  | 1,883 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Capitalized software development costs | 5,350 |  |  | 3,271 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 5,350 |  |  | 3,271 |
Net deferred tax liability | 1,132 |  |  | 1,388 |
Schedule of Expiration Dates of Tax Credits and Non-Capital Loss Carry Forwards | As at December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had unused non-capital tax losses of approximately $169,967 and $96,495 respectively. $17,210 of the non-capital tax losses as at December 31, 2018 do not expire, while the $152,757 remaining non-capital tax losses are due to expire between 2032 and 2038. U.S. state losses of $116,026 are included in the balance at December 31, 2018. In addition, at December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company has a SR&ED expenditure pool balance totaling $9,575 and $13,148, respectively, which does not expire, and investment tax credits of $4,179 and $3,762, respectively. The investment tax credits are due to expire between 2030 and 2038.

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