Derivative Instruments

We use derivative instruments to manage our exposure to changes in currency exchange rates from our monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We do not use derivative instruments for speculative purpose.

Derivative Instruments without Hedge Accounting Designation

Currency Derivatives: To hedge our exposures of monetary assets and liabilities to changes in currency exchange rates, we generally utilize a rolling hedge strategy with currency forward contracts that mature within nine months. In addition, to mitigate the risk of the yen strengthening against the U.S. dollar with respect to our MMJ Creditor Payments due in December 2017 and 2018, as of November 30, 2017, we had forward contracts to purchase 18 billion yen in December 2017 and 28 billion yen in December 2018. At the end of each reporting period, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are remeasured into U.S. dollars and the associated outstanding forward contracts are marked to market. Currency forward contracts are valued at fair values based on the middle of bid and ask prices of dealers or exchange quotations (Level 2).

Convertible Notes Settlement Obligations: For settlement obligations associated with our convertible notes that become derivative debt liabilities subject to mark-to-market accounting treatment, the fair values of the underlying derivative settlement obligations were initially determined using the Black-Scholes option valuation model (Level 2), which requires inputs of stock price, expected stock-price volatility, estimated option life, risk-free interest rate, and dividend rate. The subsequent measurement amounts of our convertible note settlement obligations were based on the volume-weighted-average stock price (Level 2). Changes in fair values of the derivative settlement obligations were included in other non-operating income (expense), net.

Total notional amounts and gross fair values for derivative instruments without hedge accounting designation were as follows:



	Notional Amount⁽¹⁾		Fair Value of
	Notional Amount⁽¹⁾		Current Assets⁽²⁾		Current Liabilities⁽³⁾			Noncurrent Assets⁽⁴⁾		Noncurrent Liabilities⁽⁵⁾
As of November 30, 2017
Currency forward contracts
New Taiwan dollar	$	3,388	$	31	$	(2	)	$	—	$	—
Yen	1,733		5		(4		)	—		(4		)
Singapore dollar	570		2		—			—		—
Euro	210		1		—			—		—
Other	47		—		(1		)	—		—
	$	5,948

Convertible notes settlement obligation	6		—		(249		)	—		—
			$	39	$	(256	)	$	—	$	(4	)

As of August 31, 2017
Currency forward contracts
New Taiwan dollar	$	2,921	$	22	$	(2	)	$	—	$	—
Yen	1,209		5		—			1		—
Singapore dollar	324		1		—			—		—
Euro	368		5		(2		)	—		—
Other	25		1		(1		)	—		—
	$	4,847

Convertible notes settlement obligation	2		—		(47		)	—		—
			$	34	$	(52	)	$	1	$	—


⁽¹⁾	Notional amounts of forward contracts in U.S. dollars and convertible notes settlement obligations in shares.


⁽²⁾	Included in receivables – other.


⁽³⁾	Included in accounts payable and accrued expenses – other for forward contracts and in current debt for convertible notes settlement obligations.


⁽⁴⁾	Included in other noncurrent assets.


⁽⁵⁾	Included in other noncurrent liabilities.

Realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments without hedge accounting designation as well as the changes in the underlying monetary assets and liabilities due to changes in currency exchange rates are included in other non-operating income (expense). For derivative instruments without hedge accounting designation, recognized losses were $2 million and $178 million for the first quarters of 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Derivative Instruments with Cash Flow Hedge Accounting Designation

Currency Derivatives: We utilize currency forward contracts that generally mature within 12 months to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows from changes in currency exchange rates for certain capital expenditures. Currency forward contracts are measured at fair value based on market-based observable inputs including currency exchange spot and forward rates, interest rates, and credit-risk spreads (Level 2).

For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the realized and unrealized gain or loss on the derivatives is included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified into earnings in the same line items and in the same periods in which the underlying transactions affect earnings. The ineffective and excluded portion of the realized and unrealized gain or loss is included in other non-operating income (expense). Total notional amounts and gross fair values for derivative instruments with cash flow hedge accounting designation were as follows:



	Notional Amount (in U.S. Dollars)		Fair Value
	Notional Amount (in U.S. Dollars)		Current Assets⁽¹⁾		Current Liabilities⁽²⁾
As of November 30, 2017
Euro	$	310	$	5	$	—
Yen	254		1		(3		)
	$	564	$	6	$	(3	)
As of August 31, 2017
Euro	$	198	$	13	$	—
Yen	258		4		—
	$	456	$	17	$	—


⁽¹⁾	Included in receivables – other.


⁽²⁾	Included in accounts payable and accrued expenses – other.

We recognized losses of $4 million and $9 million for the first quarters of 2018 and 2017, respectively, in accumulated other comprehensive income from the effective portion of cash flow hedges. Neither the ineffective portions of cash flow hedges recognized in other non-operating income (expense) nor the reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to earnings were material in the first quarters of 2018 and 2017. The amounts from cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that are expected to be reclassified into earnings in the next 12 months were also not material.