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Income taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure Table
Income tax expense is comprised of the following:
 
    
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
    
2019
    
2020
    
2021
    
2021
 
    
(In millions)
 
Current tax expense
     Rs.128,050.2        Rs.105,587.8        Rs.122,087.4      US$ 1,669.1  
Deferred tax (benefit) expense
     (8,129.4      (101.2      (8,267.3 )      (112.9 )
 
Interest on income tax refund
     (527.3      (6.6              
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Income tax expense
     Rs.119,393.5        Rs.105,480.0        Rs.113,820.1      US$ 1,556.2  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Reconciliation Of Statutory Federal Tax Rate
The following is
a
reconciliation of income taxes at the Indian statutory income tax rate to income tax expense as reported:
 
    
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
    
2019
   
2020
   
2021
   
2021
 
    
(In millions)
 
Income before income tax expense
     Rs.339,959.0       Rs.365,844.0       Rs.439,826.5     US$ 6,013.6  
Statutory income tax rate
     34.94     25.17     25.17     25.17
Expected income tax expense
     118,795.3       92,075.6       110,695.5       1,513.5  
Adjustments to reconcile expected income tax to actual tax expense
                                
Interest on income tax refund
     (343.0     (4.9            
Stock based
compensation
     1,867.2       1,881.6       2,668.7       36.5  
Income exempt from taxes
     (1,422.8     (744.2     (62.3 )       (0.9 )
Effect of change in statutory income tax rate
           11,213.2              
Others, net
     496.8       1,058.7       518.2       7.1  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Income tax expense
     Rs.119,393.5       Rs.105,480.0       Rs.113,820.1     US$ 1,556.2  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The tax effects of significant temporary differences are as follows:
 
    
As of March 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2021
 
    
(In millions)
 
Tax effect of:
                          
Deductible temporary differences:
                          
Allowance for loan losses
     Rs.37,561.2        Rs.67,584.1      US$ 924.0  
Lease liabilities
     16,514.0        17,723.8        242.3  
Employee benefits
     1,415.0        752.3        10.3  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
     3,381.2        4,997.1        68.3  
Others
     1,769.4        1,904.4        26.1  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax asset
     60,640.8        92,961.7        1,271.0  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Taxable temporary differences:
                          
Right-of-use
assets
     16,514.0        17,723.8        242.3  
Investments
available for sale
 
debt securities
     16,644.6        8,567.9        117.1  
Loan origination cost and fees
     3,373.3        3,456.0        47.3  
Investments, others
     1,510.2        2,874.2        39.3  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax liability
     38,042.1        32,621.9        446.0  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Net deferred tax asset (liability)
     Rs.22,598.7        Rs.60,339.8      US$ 825.0  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Reconciliation Of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
 
    
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2021
 
    
(In millions)
 
Opening balance
   Rs. 14,448.1      Rs.
 
37,103.2      US$ 507.3  
Decrease related to prior year tax positions
     —          (221.5      (3.0 )
Increase related to prior year tax positions
     16,274.4        892.8        12.2  
Increase related to current year tax positions
   Rs. 6,380.7      Rs. 5,273.5      US$ 72.1  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Closing balanc
e
   Rs. 37,103.2      Rs. 43,048.0      US$ 588.6