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SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of Stock Option Activity Under All Stock Plans
A summary of stock option activity under all stock plans for the six months ended June 30, 2022, is presented as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):
 Stock Options Outstanding
 Number
Outstanding
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price Per
Share
Balance as of December 31, 2021
11.7 $125.07 
Options granted0.6 $287.28 
Options exercised(0.8)$80.09 
Options forfeited/expired(0.1)$232.79 
Balance as of June 30, 2022
11.4 $135.41 
Summary of RSU Activity
A summary of RSUs activity under all stock plans for the six months ended June 30, 2022, is presented as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):
 SharesWeighted-Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested balance as of December 31, 2021
4.8 $207.37 
RSUs granted1.7 $283.62 
RSUs vested(1.7)$187.45 
RSUs forfeited(0.2)$230.38 
Unvested balance as of June 30, 2022
4.6 $242.33 
Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, and 2021 (in millions):
 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
 2022202120222021
Cost of sales–products$20.3 $16.6 $39.0 $31.9 
Cost of sales–services5.8 5.2 11.4 10.9 
Total cost of sales26.1 21.8 50.4 42.8 
Selling, general, and administrative62.7 55.7 123.0 108.8 
Research and development38.5 32.6 75.3 62.7 
Share-based compensation expense before income taxes127.3 110.1 248.7 214.3 
Income tax benefit20.9 22.5 48.1 43.1 
Share-based compensation expense after income taxes$106.4 $87.6 $200.6 $171.2 
Schedule of Estimated Fair Value of the Option Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model, Weighted Average Assumptions The weighted-average estimated fair values of stock options and the rights to acquire stock under the ESPP, as well as the weighted-average assumptions used in calculating the fair values of stock options and the rights to acquire stock under the ESPP that were granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, and 2021, were as follows:
 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
 2022202120222021
Stock Options
Risk-free interest rate2.9%0.8%1.7%0.7%
Expected term (in years)3.34.03.44.3
Expected volatility38%27%36%33%
Fair value at grant date$72.35$63.65$80.27$69.96
ESPP
Risk-free interest rate—%—%0.8%0.1%
Expected term (in years)0.00.01.21.2
Expected volatility—%—%37%35%
Fair value at grant date$—$—$88.85$74.39