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Stock-Based Compensation | 9 Months Ended
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Aug. 31, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract] |
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION Summary of Restricted Stock Units Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 and the fiscal year ended December 1, 2017 was as follows (in thousands):
| 2018 |  | 2017
Beginning outstanding balance | 9,304 |  |  | 8,316 |
Awarded | 3,742 |  |  | 5,018 |
Released | (3,686 | ) |  | (3,859 | )
Forfeited | (525 | ) |  | (766 | )
Increase due to acquisition | — |  |  | 595 |
Ending outstanding balance | 8,835 |  |  | 9,304 |
Information regarding restricted stock units outstanding at August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017 is summarized below:
| Number of Shares (thousands) |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value(*) (millions)
2018 |  |  |  |  |
Restricted stock units outstanding | 8,835 |  |  | 1.23 |  | $ | 2,328.1 |
Restricted stock units vested and expected to vest | 8,104 |  |  | 1.18 |  | $ | 2,135.7 |
2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restricted stock units outstanding | 9,443 |  |  | 1.27 |  | $ | 1,464.2 |
Restricted stock units vested and expected to vest | 8,636 |  |  | 1.22 |  | $ | 1,339.1 |
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(*) | The intrinsic value is calculated as the market value as of the end of the fiscal period. As reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the market values as of August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017 were $263.51 and $155.06, respectively.
Summary of Performance Shares Our Performance Share Programs aim to help focus key employees on building stockholder value, provide significant award potential for achieving outstanding Company performance and enhance the ability of the Company to attract and retain highly talented and competent individuals. The Executive Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors approves the terms of each of our Performance Share Programs, including the award calculation methodology, under the terms of our 2003 Equity Incentive Plan. Shares may be earned based on the achievement of an objective relative total stockholder return measured over a three-year performance period. Performance share awards will be awarded and fully vest upon the Executive Compensation Committee's certification of the level of achievement following the three-year anniversary of each grant date. Program participants generally have the ability to receive up to 200% of the target number of shares originally granted. In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Executive Compensation Committee approved the 2018 Performance Share Program. In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Executive Compensation Committee also certified the actual performance achievement of participants in the 2015 Performance Share Program. Actual performance resulted in participants achieving 200% of target or approximately 1.0 million shares. The shares granted and achieved under the 2015 Performance Share Program fully vested on the three-year anniversary of the grant on January 24, 2018, if not forfeited. In the first quarter of fiscal 2017, the Executive Compensation Committee certified the actual performance achievement of participants in the 2014 Performance Share Program. Actual performance resulted in participants achieving 198% of target or approximately 1.1 million shares. The shares granted and achieved under the 2014 Performance Share Program fully vested on the three-year anniversary of the grant on January 24, 2017, if not forfeited. As of August 31, 2018, the shares awarded under our 2018, 2017 and 2016 Performance Share Programs are yet to be achieved. The following table sets forth the summary of performance share activity under our Performance Share Programs for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 and the fiscal year ended December 1, 2017 (in thousands):
| 2018 |  | 2017
| Shares Granted |  | Maximum Shares Eligible to Receive |  | Shares Granted |  | Maximum Shares Eligible to Receive
Beginning outstanding balance | 1,534 |  |  | 3,068 |  |  | 1,630 |  |  | 3,261 |
Awarded | 837 |  | (1) | 628 |  |  | 1,082 |  | (2) | 1,040 |
Achieved | (1,050 | ) |  | (1,053 | ) |  | (1,135 | ) |  | (1,147 | )
Forfeited | (165 | ) |  | (331 | ) |  | (43 | ) |  | (86 | )
Ending outstanding balance | 1,156 |  |  | 2,312 |  |  | 1,534 |  |  | 3,068 |
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(1) | Included in the 0.8 million shares awarded during the nine months ended August 31, 2018 were 0.5 million shares awarded for the final achievement of the 2015 Performance Share program. The remaining awarded shares were for the 2018 Performance Share Program.
(2) | Included in the 1.1 million shares awarded during the fiscal year ended December 1, 2017 were 0.6 million shares awarded for the final achievement of the 2014 Performance Share program. The remaining awarded shares were for the 2017 Performance Share Program.
Summary of Employee Stock Purchase Plan Shares The expected life of the ESPP shares is the average of the remaining purchase periods under each offering period. The assumptions used to value employee stock purchase rights during the three and nine months ended August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017 were as follows:
| Three Months |  | Nine Months
| 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Expected life (in years) | 0.5 - 2.0 |  |  | 0.5 - 2.0 |  | 0.5 - 2.0 |  | 0.5 - 2.0
Volatility | 29 | % |  | 25% - 27% |  | 26% - 29% |  | 22% - 27%
Risk free interest rate | 2.09% - 2.52% |  |  | 1.12% - 1.41% |  | 1.54% - 2.52% |  | 0.62% - 1.41%
Employees purchased 1.8 million shares at an average price of $104.94 and 1.9 million shares at an average price of $77.63 for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017, respectively. The intrinsic value of shares purchased during the nine months ended August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017 was $198.9 million and $97.7 million, respectively. The intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the market value on the date of purchase and the purchase price of the shares. Summary of Stock Options The Executive Compensation Committee of Adobe’s Board of Directors eliminated the use of stock option grants for all employees and the Board of Directors effective fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2014, respectively. However, we may assume the stock option plans of certain companies we acquire. As of August 31, 2018 and December 1, 2017, we had 0.3 million stock options outstanding at each period end. Compensation Costs As of August 31, 2018, there was $1.09 billion of unrecognized compensation cost, adjusted for estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested stock-based awards which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years. Total unrecognized compensation cost will be adjusted for future changes in estimated forfeitures. Total stock-based compensation costs included in our condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017 were as follows (in thousands):
|  | 2018 |  | 2017
Income Statement Classifications |  | Option Grants and Stock Purchase Rights |  | Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Awards |  | Option Grants and Stock Purchase Rights |  | Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Awards
Cost of revenue—subscription | $ | 934 |  |  | $ | 4,509 |  |  | $ | 628 |  |  | $ | 3,633 |
Cost of revenue—services and support | 1,930 |  |  | 2,789 |  |  | 1,626 |  |  | 2,409 |
Research and development | 6,347 |  |  | 66,308 |  |  | 4,608 |  |  | 43,243 |
Sales and marketing | 7,551 |  |  | 47,885 |  |  | 4,658 |  |  | 36,064 |
General and administrative | 2,932 |  |  | 17,853 |  |  | 1,140 |  |  | 19,033 |
Total | $ | 19,694 |  |  | $ | 139,344 |  |  | $ | 12,660 |  |  | $ | 104,382 |
Total stock-based compensation costs included in our condensed consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended August 31, 2018 and September 1, 2017 were as follows (in thousands):
|  | 2018 |  | 2017
Income Statement Classifications |  | Option Grants and Stock Purchase Rights |  | Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Awards |  | Option Grants and Stock Purchase Rights |  | Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Awards
Cost of revenue—subscription | $ | 2,431 |  |  | $ | 12,979 |  |  | $ | 1,899 |  |  | $ | 10,467 |
Cost of revenue—services and support | 5,593 |  |  | 8,455 |  |  | 4,850 |  |  | 7,151 |
Research and development | 16,997 |  |  | 183,989 |  |  | 12,884 |  |  | 119,068 |
Sales and marketing | 18,314 |  |  | 129,480 |  |  | 13,832 |  |  | 103,982 |
General and administrative | 5,762 |  |  | 55,941 |  |  | 3,623 |  |  | 56,972 |
Total | $ | 49,097 |  |  | $ | 390,844 |  |  | $ | 37,088 |  |  | $ | 297,640 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2228938 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2208855 + Details
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