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Revenues
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenues Revenues
We operate in one business segment: human therapeutics. Therefore, results of our operations are reported on a consolidated basis for purposes of segment reporting, consistent with internal management reporting. Revenues by product and by geographic area, based on customers’ locations, are presented below. The majority of ROW revenues relates to products sold in Europe.
Revenues were as follows (in millions):
Year ended December 31, 2021Year ended December 31, 2020Year ended December 31, 2019
U.S.ROWTotalU.S.ROWTotalU.S.ROWTotal
Enbrel$4,352 $113 $4,465 $4,855 $141 $4,996 $5,050 $176 $5,226 
Prolia2,150 1,098 3,248 1,830 933 2,763 1,772 900 2,672 
Otezla(1)
1,804 445 2,249 1,790 405 2,195 139 39 178 
XGEVA1,434 584 2,018 1,405 494 1,899 1,457 478 1,935 
Neulasta1,514 220 1,734 2,001 292 2,293 2,814 407 3,221 
Aranesp537 943 1,480 629 939 1,568 758 971 1,729 
Repatha
557 560 1,117 459 428 887 376 285 661 
KYPROLIS736 372 1,108 710 355 1,065 654 390 1,044 
Nplate566 461 1,027 485 365 850 480 315 795 
Other products3,636 2,215 5,851 3,821 1,903 5,724 3,031 1,712 4,743 
Total product sales(2)
17,286 7,011 24,297 17,985 6,255 24,240 16,531 5,673 22,204 
Other revenues908 774 1,682 511 673 1,184 693 465 1,158 
Total revenues$18,194 $7,785 $25,979 $18,496 $6,928 $25,424 $17,224 $6,138 $23,362 

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(1)    Otezla was acquired on November 21, 2019.
(2)    Hedging gains and losses, which are included in product sales, were not material for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
In the United States, we sell primarily to pharmaceutical wholesale distributors that we use as the principal means of distributing our products to healthcare providers. Outside the United States, we sell principally to healthcare providers and/or pharmaceutical wholesale distributors depending on the distribution practice in each country. We monitor the financial condition of our larger customers and limit our credit exposure by setting credit limits and, in certain circumstances, by requiring letters of credit or obtaining credit insurance.
We had product sales to three customers, each of them accounting for more than 10% of total revenues for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2021, on a combined basis, these customers accounted for 82% of total gross revenues as shown in the following table. Certain information with respect to these customers was as follows (dollar amounts in millions):
Years ended December 31,
202120202019
McKesson Corporation:
Gross product sales$15,187 $13,779 $11,795 
% of total gross revenues33 %32 %31 %
AmerisourceBergen Corporation:
Gross product sales$14,783 $14,743 $12,301 
% of total gross revenues32 %34 %33 %
Cardinal Health, Inc.:
Gross product sales$7,681 $7,332 $6,538 
% of total gross revenues17 %17 %17 %
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, amounts due from these three customers each exceeded 10% of gross trade receivables and accounted for 73% and 74%, respectively, of net trade receivables on a combined basis. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, 27% and 28%, respectively, of net trade receivables were due from customers located outside the United States, the majority of which were from Europe. Our total allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, was not material.