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Commitments, Contingencies, Guarantees, and Others - Unfunded Lending Commitments: Contractual Amount and Carrying Value (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Unfunded lending commitments, contractual amount	$ 386,265	$ 401,474
Off-balance sheet lending commitment, carrying value	176	137
Credit Card
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Unused commitments to extend credit, contractual amount	350,356	363,446
Other excluding credit card
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Unused commitments to extend credit, contractual amount	34,574	36,454
Off-balance sheet lending commitment, carrying value	142	110
Advised line of credit	1,600	1,600
Letter of credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit, contractual amount	1,335	1,574
Off-balance sheet lending commitment, carrying value	$ 34	$ 27

X

- Definition

The contractual amount of line of credit that drawings are subject to our satisfactory evaluation of the customer and are cancelable upon proper notice.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	cof_AdvisedLineofCredit
Namespace Prefix:	cof_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

Letter of credit issued contractual amount and unused commitment to extend credit

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	cof_LetterofCreditIssuedContractualAmountandUnusedCommitmenttoExtendCredit
Namespace Prefix:	cof_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

The carrying value of off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees), which represents the allowance for lending-related commitments, deferred revenue and the guarantee liability.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	cof_OffBalanceSheetLendingCommitmentCarryingValue
Namespace Prefix:	cof_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682

+ Details

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Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_LossContingenciesLineItems
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Unused amount of commitments to extend credit to customers.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_UnusedCommitmentsToExtendCredit
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis=cof_CreditCardPortfolioSegmentMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_FinancingReceivablePortfolioSegmentAxis=cof_OtherPortfolioSegmentsExcludingCreditCardMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_LetterOfCreditMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type: