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Loans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging Analysis The table below presents the composition and aging analysis of our loans held for investment portfolio as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The delinquency aging includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming.
Table 4.1: Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging Analysis
 December 31, 2024
Delinquent Loans
(Dollars in millions)Current30-59
Days
60-89
Days
> 90
Days
Total
Delinquent
Loans
Total
Loans
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$148,565$1,973$1,503$3,577$7,053$155,618
International card businesses6,570107721413206,890
Total credit card155,1352,0801,5753,7187,373162,508
Consumer Banking:
Auto71,6003,1491,5295515,22976,829
Retail banking1,23713310261,263
Total consumer banking72,8373,1621,5325615,25578,092
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate31,73331913017031,903
Commercial and industrial55,03032221724255,272
Total commercial banking86,763343134741287,175
Total loans(1)
$314,735$5,276$3,138$4,626$13,040$327,775
% of Total loans96.02%1.61%0.96%1.41%3.98%100.00%
December 31, 2023
Delinquent Loans
(Dollars in millions)Current30-59
Days
60-89
Days
> 90
Days
Total
Delinquent
Loans
Total
Loans
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$140,860$1,968$1,471$3,367 $6,806 $147,666 
International card businesses6,55211676137 329 6,881 
Total credit card147,4122,0841,5473,504 7,135 154,547 
Consumer Banking:
Auto68,7683,2681,555484 5,307 74,075 
Retail banking1,32915315 33 1,362 
Total consumer banking70,0973,2831,558499 5,340 75,437 
December 31, 2023
Delinquent Loans
(Dollars in millions)Current30-59
Days
60-89
Days
> 90
Days
Total
Delinquent
Loans
Total
Loans
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate34,32501410712134,446
Commercial and industrial55,8610018118156,042
Total commercial banking90,18601428830290,488
Total loans(1)
$307,695$5,367$3,119$4,291$12,777$320,472
% of Total loans96.01%1.68%0.97%1.34%3.99%100.00%
__________
(1)Loans include unamortized premiums, discounts, and deferred fees and costs totaling $1.2 billion and $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
90 Plus Day Delinquent Loans Accruing Interest and Nonperforming Loans
The following table presents our loans held for investment that are 90 days or more past due that continue to accrue interest, loans that are classified as nonperforming and loans that are classified as nonperforming without an allowance as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Nonperforming loans generally include loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status.
Table 4.2: 90+ Day Delinquent Loans Accruing Interest and Nonperforming Loans
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)
> 90 Days and Accruing
Nonperforming
Loans(1)
Nonperforming
 Loans Without an Allowance
> 90 Days and Accruing
Nonperforming
Loans(1)
Nonperforming
 Loans Without an Allowance
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$3,577 N/A$0 $3,367 N/A$
International card businesses134 $10 0 132 $
Total credit card3,711 10 0 3,499 
Consumer Banking:
Auto0 750 0 712 
Retail banking0 25 12 46 19 
Total consumer banking0 775 12 758 19 
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate0 509 227 425 335 
Commercial and industrial96 701 607 55 336 193 
Total commercial banking96 1,210 834 55 761 528 
Total$3,807 $1,995 $846 $3,554 $1,528 $547 
% of Total loans held for investment1.16 %0.61 %0.26 %1.11 %0.48 %0.17 %
__________
(1)We recognized interest income for loans classified as nonperforming of $111 million and $91 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Credit Quality Indicator
The table below presents our credit card portfolio by delinquency status as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Table 4.3: Credit Card Delinquency Status
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)Revolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotalRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card:
Current
$148,112 $453 $148,565 $140,521 $339 $140,860 
30-59 days
1,944 29 1,973 1,940 28 1,968 
60-89 days
1,483 20 1,503 1,454 17 1,471 
Greater than 90 days
3,549 28 3,577 3,339 28 3,367 
Total domestic credit card155,088 530 155,618 147,254 412 147,666 
International card businesses:
Current
6,533 37 6,570 6,521 31 6,552 
30-59 days
102 5 107 112 116 
60-89 days
69 3 72 72 76 
Greater than 90 days
135 6 141 132 137 
Total international card businesses6,839 51 6,890 6,837 44 6,881 
Total credit card$161,927 $581 $162,508 $154,091 $456 $154,547 
The table below presents our consumer banking portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. We present our auto loan portfolio by Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) scores at origination and our retail banking loan portfolio by delinquency status, which includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming.
Table 4.4: Consumer Banking Portfolio by Vintage Year
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Vintage Year
(Dollars in millions)20242023202220212020PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
AutoAt origination FICO scores:(1)
Greater than 660$17,057 $8,333 $8,194 $5,621 $1,482 $394 $41,081 $0 $0 $41,081 
621-6605,584 3,492 2,906 1,986 667 235 14,870 0 0 14,870 
620 or below8,102 4,882 3,626 2,546 1,207 515 20,878 0 0 20,878 
Total auto30,743 16,707 14,726 10,153 3,356 1,144 76,829 0 0 76,829 
Retail banking—Delinquency status:
Current143 78 93 49 51 469 883 351 3 1,237 
30-59 days0 0 0 0 0 2 2 11 0 13 
60-89 days0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 3 
Greater than 90 days0 0 0 0 1 7 8 1 1 10 
Total retail banking143 78 93 49 52 479 894 365 4 1,263 
Total consumer banking$30,886 $16,785 $14,819 $10,202 $3,408 $1,623 $77,723 $365 $4 $78,092 
    
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Vintage Year
(Dollars in millions)20232022202120202019PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
AutoAt origination FICO scores:(1)
Greater than 660$12,219 $12,593 $9,505 $3,124 $1,213 $309 $38,963 $$$38,963 
621-6604,863 4,432 3,346 1,337 592 192 14,762 14,762 
620 or below6,647 5,539 4,283 2,349 1,131 401 20,350 20,350 
Total auto23,729 22,564 17,134 6,810 2,936 902 74,075 74,075 
Retail banking—Delinquency status:
Current98 157 57 65 117 468 962 363 1,329 
30-59 days11 15 
60-89 days
Greater than 90 days15 
Total retail banking99 157 58 66 117 478 975 382 1,362 
Total consumer banking$23,828 $22,721 $17,192 $6,876 $3,053 $1,380 $75,050 $382 $$75,437 
__________
(1)Amounts represent period-end loans held for investment in each credit score category. Auto credit scores generally represent average FICO scores obtained from three credit bureaus at the time of application and are not refreshed thereafter. Balances for which no credit score is available or the credit score is invalid are included in the 620 or below category.
The following table presents our commercial banking portfolio of loans held for investment by internal risk ratings as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The internal risk rating status includes all past due loans, both performing and nonperforming.
Table 4.5: Commercial Banking Portfolio by Internal Risk Ratings
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Vintage Year
(Dollars in millions)20242023202220212020PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Internal risk rating:(1)
Commercial and multifamily real estate
Noncriticized$1,820 $2,574 $3,846 $2,230 $903 $4,887 $16,260 $12,691 $49 $29,000 
Criticized performing71 89 1,072 35 110 922 2,299 93 2 2,394 
Criticized nonperforming23 0 46 103 86 249 507 2 0 509 
Total commercial and multifamily real estate1,914 2,663 4,964 2,368 1,099 6,058 19,066 12,786 51 31,903 
Commercial and industrial
Noncriticized5,694 6,092 9,952 5,009 2,730 6,239 35,716 15,449 266 51,431 
Criticized performing101 190 680 932 92 258 2,253 887 0 3,140 
Criticized nonperforming41 13 186 43 184 91 558 143 0 701 
Total commercial and industrial5,836 6,295 10,818 5,984 3,006 6,588 38,527 16,479 266 55,272 
Total commercial banking$7,750 $8,958 $15,782 $8,352 $4,105 $12,646 $57,593 $29,265 $317 $87,175 
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Vintage Year
(Dollars in millions)20232022202120202019PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Internal risk rating:(1)
Commercial and multifamily real estate
Noncriticized$3,068 $4,665 $2,773 $1,019 $2,104 $3,670 $17,299 $12,565 $25 $29,889 
Criticized performing148 1,494 706 284 463 904 3,999 133 4,132 
Criticized nonperforming65 26 124 47 163 425 425 
Total commercial and multifamily real estate3,281 6,185 3,603 1,303 2,614 4,737 21,723 12,698 25 34,446 
Commercial and industrial
Noncriticized6,909 11,935 6,994 3,566 2,359 5,117 36,880 14,822 167 51,869 
Criticized performing353 706 655 237 348 349 2,648 1,189 3,837 
Criticized nonperforming13 53 30 18 123 68 305 31 336 
Total commercial and industrial7,275 12,694 7,679 3,821 2,830 5,534 39,833 16,042 167 56,042 
Total commercial banking$10,556 $18,879 $11,282 $5,124 $5,444 $10,271 $61,556 $28,740 $192 $90,488 
__________
(1)Criticized exposures correspond to the “Special Mention,” “Substandard” and “Doubtful” asset categories defined by bank regulatory authorities.
The table below presents gross charge-offs for loans held for investment by vintage year during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Table 5.2: Gross Charge-Offs by Vintage Year
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Vintage Year
(Dollars in millions)20242023202220212020PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Credit Card
Domestic credit cardN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A$10,132 $114 $10,246 
International card businessN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A497 14 511 
Total credit cardN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A10,629 128 10,757 
Consumer Banking
Auto$179 $666 $837 $599 $237 $156 $2,674 0 0 2,674 
Retail banking1 0 0 0 1 2 4 79 1 84 
Total consumer banking180 666 837 599 238 158 2,678 79 1 2,758 
Commercial Banking
Commercial and multifamily real estate0 0 4 31 9 82 126 0 0 126 
Commercial and industrial0 0 58 6 17 16 97 11 0 108 
Total commercial banking0 0 62 37 26 98 223 11 0 234 
Total$180 $666 $899 $636 $264 $256 $2,901 $10,719 $129 $13,749 
FDM Disclosures
The following tables present the major modification types, amortized cost amounts for each modification type and financial effects for all FDMs undertaken during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Table 4.6: Financial Difficulty Modifications to Borrowers
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Credit CardConsumer BankingCommercial Banking
(Dollars in millions)Domestic CardInternational Card BusinessesTotal Credit CardAutoRetail BankingTotal Consumer BankingCommercial and Multifamily Real EstateCommercial and IndustrialTotal Commercial BankingTotal
Interest rate reduction$570 $123 $693       $693 
Term extension   $32 $5 $37 $471 $581 $1,052 1,089 
Principal balance reduction   21  21  15 15 36 
Interest rate reduction and term extension9  9 665  665  114 114 788 
Other(1)
   4 1 5 68 69 137 142 
Total loans modified$579 $123 $702 $722 $6 $728 $539 $779 $1,318 $2,748 
% of total class of receivables0.37 %1.79 %0.43 %0.94 %0.48 %0.93 %1.69 %1.41 %1.51 %0.84 %
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Credit CardConsumer BankingCommercial Banking
(Dollars in millions)Domestic CardInternational Card BusinessesTotal Credit CardAutoRetail BankingTotal Consumer BankingCommercial and Multifamily Real EstateCommercial and IndustrialTotal Commercial BankingTotal
Interest rate reduction$590 $97 $687 — — — — — — $687 
Term extension— — — $65 $$71 $463 $436 $899 970 
Principal balance reduction— — — 21 — 21 — — — 21 
Principal balance reduction and term extension— — — — — — — 11 11 11 
Interest rate reduction and term extension12 — 12 672 673 — 26 26 711 
Other(1)
— — — 451 453 460 
Total loans modified$602 $97 $699 $762 $10 $772 $465 $924 $1,389 $2,860 
% of total class of receivables0.41 %1.41 %0.45 %1.03 %0.74 %1.02 %1.35 %1.65 %1.54 %0.89 %
__________
(1)Primarily consists of modifications or combinations of modifications not categorized above, such as increases in committed exposure, forbearances and other types of modifications in Commercial Banking.
Table 4.7: Financial Effects of Financial Difficulty Modifications to Borrowers
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Credit CardConsumer BankingCommercial Banking
(Dollars in millions)Domestic CardInternational Card BusinessesAutoRetail BankingCommercial and Multifamily Real EstateCommercial and Industrial
Weighted-average interest rate reduction20.12%26.71%8.83%3.48%0.79%1.90%
Payment delay duration (in months)12631016
Principal balance reduction$1$15
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Credit CardConsumer BankingCommercial Banking
(Dollars in millions)Domestic CardInternational Card BusinessesAutoRetail BankingCommercial and Multifamily Real EstateCommercial and Industrial
Weighted-average interest rate reduction19.32%27.10%8.72%2.00%—%0.25%
Payment delay duration (in months)12610137
Principal balance reduction$1$20$3
The following tables present FDMs over a rolling 12 month period by delinquency status as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Table 4.8 Delinquency Status of Financial Difficulty Modifications to Borrowers(1)
December 31, 2024
Delinquent Loans
(Dollars in millions)Current30-59 Days60-89 Days
> 90 Days
Total Delinquent LoansTotal Loans
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$397 $57 $43 $82 $182 $579 
International card businesses68 11 10 34 55 123 
Total credit card465 68 53 116 237 702 
Consumer Banking:
Auto522 101 70 29 200 722 
Retail banking4 1 0 1 2 6 
Total consumer banking526 102 70 30 202 728 
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate535 2 0 2 4 539 
Commercial and industrial696 0 19 64 83 779 
Total commercial banking1,231 2 19 66 87 1,318 
Total$2,222 $172 $142 $212 $526 $2,748 

December 31, 2023
Delinquent Loans
(Dollars in millions)Current30-59 Days60-89 Days
> 90 Days
Total Delinquent LoansTotal Loans
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$384 $81 $46 $91 $218 $602 
International card businesses49 30 48 97 
Total credit card433 90 55 121 266 699 
Consumer Banking:
Auto548 107 76 31 214 762 
Retail banking10 10 
Total consumer banking558 107 76 31 214 772 
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate426 39 39 465 
Commercial and industrial820 104 104 924 
Total commercial banking1,246 143 143 1,389 
Total$2,237 $197 $131 $295 $623 $2,860 
__________
(1)Commitments to lend additional funds on FDMs totaled $334 million and $109 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following tables present the major modification types, amortized cost amounts and financial effects of loans modified in a TDR during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Table 4.10: Troubled Debt Restructurings(1)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Reduced Interest RateTerm Extension
(Dollars in millions)
Total Loans Modified(2)
% of TDR Activity(3)
Average Rate Reduction
% of TDR Activity(3)
Average Term Extension (Months)
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$306100%16.54%N/AN/A
International card businesses12710027.42N/AN/A
Total credit card43310019.73N/AN/A
Consumer Banking:
Auto1,070578.5397%4
Retail banking7N/AN/A9213
Total consumer banking1,077578.53974
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate38580.288413
Commercial and industrial357N/AN/A6413
Total commercial banking74240.287413
Total$2,252
__________
(1)Commitments to lend additional funds on loans modified in TDRs totaled $219 million as of December 31, 2022.
(2)Represents the amortized cost of total loans modified in TDRs at the end of the period in which they were modified. As not every modification type is included in the table above, the total percentage of TDR activity may not add up to 100%. Some loans may receive more than one type of modification.
(3)Due to multiple modification types granted to some troubled borrowers, percentages may total more than 100% for certain loan types.
The following table presents the type, number and amortized cost of loans modified in a TDR that experienced a default during the period and had completed a modification event in the twelve months prior to the default. A default occurs if the loan is either 90 days or more delinquent, has been charged off as of the end of the period presented or has been reclassified from accrual to nonaccrual status.
Table 4.11: TDR—Subsequent Defaults
Year Ended December 31, 2022
(Dollars in millions)Number of ContractsAmount
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card37,029 $75 
International card businesses74,432 79 
Total credit card111,461 154 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
(Dollars in millions)Number of ContractsAmount
Consumer Banking:
Auto16,100 285 
Retail banking
Total consumer banking16,101 286 
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate27 
Commercial and industrial56 
Total commercial banking83 
Total127,569 $523 
Schedule of Debtor Troubled Debt Restructuring, Subsequent Periods
The following table presents FDMs that entered subsequent default for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Table 4.9 Subsequent Defaults of Financial Difficulty Modifications to Borrowers
Year Ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in millions)Interest Rate ReductionTerm ExtensionInterest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
Other Modifications
Total Loans
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$228 $0 $3 $0 $231 
International card businesses76 0 0 0 76 
Total credit card304 0 3 0 307 
Consumer Banking:
Auto0 8 448 0 456 
Retail banking0 1 0 0 1 
Total consumer banking0 9 448 0 457 
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate0 169 0 54 223 
Commercial and industrial0 125 0 255 380 
Total commercial banking0 294 0 309 603 
Total$304 $303 $451 $309 $1,367 
Year Ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)Interest Rate ReductionTerm ExtensionInterest Rate Reduction and Term ExtensionTotal Loans
Credit Card:
Domestic credit card$89 $$$90 
International card businesses20 20 
Total credit card109 110 
Consumer Banking:
Auto15 235 250 
Total consumer banking15 235 250 
Commercial Banking:
Commercial and multifamily real estate46 46 
Commercial and industrial51 51 
Total commercial banking97 97 
Total$109 $112 $236 $457