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Pay vs Performance Disclosure
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table
Pay versus Performance
As required by Section 953(a) of the Dodd-Frank Act, we are providing the information below to illustrate the relationship between the
SEC-defined
compensation actually paid (“CAP”) and various measures used to gauge the Company’s financial performance in conformance with Item 402(v) of Regulation
S-K.
CAP is calculated in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation
S-K
and differs from compensation shown in the Summary Compensation Table on page 96 and CEO and other NEO performance year compensation tables shown on
pages
78 and 85, respectively. See below for a reconciliation of the total compensation shown in the Summary Compensation Table to CAP. The Committee does not utilize CAP as the basis for making compensation decisions. For further information concerning our compensation philosophy and how we align executive compensation with our performance, see the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section beginning on page 55.
Pay versus Performance Table
 
             
Performance
Year
 
Summary
Compensation
Table Total for
Principal
Executive
Officer
(PEO)
(1)
 
Compensation
Actually Paid
to PEO
(1)(2)
 
Average
Summary
Compensation
Table Total
for
Non-PEO
Named
Executive
Officers
(1)
 
Average
Compensation
Actually Paid
to
Non-PEO
Named
Executive
Officers
(1)(2)
 
 
Value of Initial Fixed $100
Invested Based on:
 
 
Net
Income
($M)
 
Common
Dividends
+ Growth
of
Tangible
Book
Value Per
Common
Share
(4)
 
Total
Shareholder
Return
 
Peer Group
Total
Shareholder
Return
(3)
 
               
2024
   $30,829,070   $56,390,154   $7,434,305   $10,043,898   $189.44   $173.90   $4,750   9.6%
               
2023
   $28,589,573   $56,015,379   $7,171,356   $9,620,815   $137.03   $133.20   $4,887   18.7%
               
2022
   $27,605,311   $(758,823)   $11,374,302   $7,425,259   $94.95   $118.77   $7,360   (11.3)%
               
2021
   $20,457,553   $44,692,866   $5,404,513   $7,652,216   $145.28   $132.75   $12,390   15.8%
               
2020
   $20,119,971   $13,578,561   $5,578,452   $4,068,566   $97.32   $98.31   $2,714   6.7%
 
(1)
Mr. Fairbank is represented as the principal executive officer (“PEO”) for each of the years shown. For performance year 2024, Messrs. Young, LaPrade, and Cooper are represented as the
non-PEO
named executive officers
(“Non-PEO
NEOs”). For performance year 2023, Messrs. Young, LaPrade, Yajnik, and Robert M. Alexander are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. For performance year 2022, Messrs. Young, Neal A. Blinde, LaPrade, and Yajnik are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. For performance year 2021, Messrs. Young, R. Scott Blackley, LaPrade, Michael J. Wassmer, and Yajnik are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. For performance year 2020, Messrs. Blackley, LaPrade, Wassmer, and Yajnik are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs.
 
(2)
The calculation of CAP requires that we make adjustments to amounts previously reported in the Summary Compensation Table for the five years presented. The SEC’s valuation and calculation methods for CAP differ from those required in the Summary Compensation Table. The table below summarizes compensation values presented in the Summary Compensation Table and the adjusted values required to reconcile these values to the CAP presented above. The amounts shown below for
Non-PEO
NEOs represents an average of all
Non-PEO
NEOs. CAP to the PEO and
Non-PEO
NEOs represents Summary Compensation Table total compensation adjusted by the following amounts:
 
 
Summary Compensation Table Total to CAP Reconciliation
(a)
                   
 
Summary
Compensation
Table Total
(b)
Change in
Pension
Value
Deduction
(c)
Less Fair
Value of
Equity
Awards
Reported
in the
Summary
Compensation
Table in the
Covered Year
Plus Fair
Value of
Covered
Year Equity
Awards
at Fiscal
Year-End
Change in
Fair Value
of Prior
Years’
Equity
Awards
Unvested
at Fiscal
Year-End
Change in
Fair Value
of Prior
Years’
Equity
Awards
Vested in
the Covered
Year
Less
Fair Value
of Prior
Year
Awards
Forfeited
in the
Covered
Year
(d)
Plus Fair
Value of
Incremental
Dividends
or
Earnings
on Stock
Awards
CAP
(e)
                 
PEO 2024
   $30,829,070   $(12,143)   $(25,206,709)   $32,092,806   $14,835,622   $2,715,253   $—   $1,136,255   $56,390,154
                   
Non-PEO
NEOs 2024
   $7,434,305   $—   $(3,443,874)   $4,415,292   $1,181,753   $346,736   $—   $109,686   $10,043,898
 
 
  (a)
Fair values are calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 as of the end of the fiscal year, other than awards that vest in the covered year, which are valued as of the applicable vesting dates. There were no awards granted in each of the covered years that vested in the same year.
 
  (b)
Reflects the total compensation amount reported in the Summary Compensation Table the year shown.
 
  (c)
Reflects the aggregate change in pension value for all defined benefit plans. There are no service costs or prior service costs associated with pension benefits since the Cash Balance Pension Plan and the Excess Cash Balance Pension Plan are frozen.
 
  (d)
Reflects awards that failed to meet vesting conditions during the covered year.
 
  (e)
Reflects the actual CAP for the PEO and average CAP for the
Non-PEO
NEOs.
 
(3)
TSR is cumulative for the measurement periods beginning on December 31, 2019, and ending on the last fiscal day in 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, calculated in accordance with Item 201(e) of Regulation
S-K.
“Peer Group” represents the S&P Financial Index for each year disclosed in the table.
 
(4)
D+TBV is a
non-GAAP
metric. D+TBV is calculated as the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (i) the Company’s tangible book value per share at the end of each year, plus total common dividends per share paid during such year, to (ii) the Company’s tangible book value per share at the beginning of each corresponding year.
       
Company Selected Measure Name Common Dividends + Growth of Tangible Book Value Per Common Share        
Named Executive Officers, Footnote Mr. Fairbank is represented as the principal executive officer (“PEO”) for each of the years shown. For performance year 2024, Messrs. Young, LaPrade, and Cooper are represented as the
non-PEO
named executive officers
(“Non-PEO
NEOs”). For performance year 2023, Messrs. Young, LaPrade, Yajnik, and Robert M. Alexander are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. For performance year 2022, Messrs. Young, Neal A. Blinde, LaPrade, and Yajnik are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. For performance year 2021, Messrs. Young, R. Scott Blackley, LaPrade, Michael J. Wassmer, and Yajnik are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. For performance year 2020, Messrs. Blackley, LaPrade, Wassmer, and Yajnik are represented as the
Non-PEO
NEOs. 		       
Peer Group Issuers, Footnote TSR is cumulative for the measurement periods beginning on December 31, 2019, and ending on the last fiscal day in 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, calculated in accordance with Item 201(e) of Regulation
S-K.
“Peer Group” represents the S&P Financial Index for each year disclosed in the table. 		       
PEO Total Compensation Amount $ 30,829,070 $ 28,589,573 $ 27,605,311 $ 20,457,553 $ 20,119,971
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount $ 56,390,154 56,015,379 (758,823) 44,692,866 13,578,561
Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote
(2)
The calculation of CAP requires that we make adjustments to amounts previously reported in the Summary Compensation Table for the five years presented. The SEC’s valuation and calculation methods for CAP differ from those required in the Summary Compensation Table. The table below summarizes compensation values presented in the Summary Compensation Table and the adjusted values required to reconcile these values to the CAP presented above. The amounts shown below for
Non-PEO
NEOs represents an average of all
Non-PEO
NEOs. CAP to the PEO and
Non-PEO
NEOs represents Summary Compensation Table total compensation adjusted by the following amounts:
 
 
Summary Compensation Table Total to CAP Reconciliation
(a)
                   
 
Summary
Compensation
Table Total
(b)
Change in
Pension
Value
Deduction
(c)
Less Fair
Value of
Equity
Awards
Reported
in the
Summary
Compensation
Table in the
Covered Year
Plus Fair
Value of
Covered
Year Equity
Awards
at Fiscal
Year-End
Change in
Fair Value
of Prior
Years’
Equity
Awards
Unvested
at Fiscal
Year-End
Change in
Fair Value
of Prior
Years’
Equity
Awards
Vested in
the Covered
Year
Less
Fair Value
of Prior
Year
Awards
Forfeited
in the
Covered
Year
(d)
Plus Fair
Value of
Incremental
Dividends
or
Earnings
on Stock
Awards
CAP
(e)
                 
PEO 2024
   $30,829,070   $(12,143)   $(25,206,709)   $32,092,806   $14,835,622   $2,715,253   $—   $1,136,255   $56,390,154
                   
Non-PEO
NEOs 2024
   $7,434,305   $—   $(3,443,874)   $4,415,292   $1,181,753   $346,736   $—   $109,686   $10,043,898
 
 
  (a)
Fair values are calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 as of the end of the fiscal year, other than awards that vest in the covered year, which are valued as of the applicable vesting dates. There were no awards granted in each of the covered years that vested in the same year.
 
  (b)
Reflects the total compensation amount reported in the Summary Compensation Table the year shown.
 
  (c)
Reflects the aggregate change in pension value for all defined benefit plans. There are no service costs or prior service costs associated with pension benefits since the Cash Balance Pension Plan and the Excess Cash Balance Pension Plan are frozen.
 
  (d)
Reflects awards that failed to meet vesting conditions during the covered year.
 
  (e)
Reflects the actual CAP for the PEO and average CAP for the
Non-PEO
NEOs.
       
Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount $ 7,434,305 7,171,356 11,374,302 5,404,513 5,578,452
Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount $ 10,043,898 9,620,815 7,425,259 7,652,216 4,068,566
Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote
(2)
The calculation of CAP requires that we make adjustments to amounts previously reported in the Summary Compensation Table for the five years presented. The SEC’s valuation and calculation methods for CAP differ from those required in the Summary Compensation Table. The table below summarizes compensation values presented in the Summary Compensation Table and the adjusted values required to reconcile these values to the CAP presented above. The amounts shown below for
Non-PEO
NEOs represents an average of all
Non-PEO
NEOs. CAP to the PEO and
Non-PEO
NEOs represents Summary Compensation Table total compensation adjusted by the following amounts:
 
 
Summary Compensation Table Total to CAP Reconciliation
(a)
                   
 
Summary
Compensation
Table Total
(b)
Change in
Pension
Value
Deduction
(c)
Less Fair
Value of
Equity
Awards
Reported
in the
Summary
Compensation
Table in the
Covered Year
Plus Fair
Value of
Covered
Year Equity
Awards
at Fiscal
Year-End
Change in
Fair Value
of Prior
Years’
Equity
Awards
Unvested
at Fiscal
Year-End
Change in
Fair Value
of Prior
Years’
Equity
Awards
Vested in
the Covered
Year
Less
Fair Value
of Prior
Year
Awards
Forfeited
in the
Covered
Year
(d)
Plus Fair
Value of
Incremental
Dividends
or
Earnings
on Stock
Awards
CAP
(e)
                 
PEO 2024
   $30,829,070   $(12,143)   $(25,206,709)   $32,092,806   $14,835,622   $2,715,253   $—   $1,136,255   $56,390,154
                   
Non-PEO
NEOs 2024
   $7,434,305   $—   $(3,443,874)   $4,415,292   $1,181,753   $346,736   $—   $109,686   $10,043,898
 
 
  (a)
Fair values are calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 as of the end of the fiscal year, other than awards that vest in the covered year, which are valued as of the applicable vesting dates. There were no awards granted in each of the covered years that vested in the same year.
 
  (b)
Reflects the total compensation amount reported in the Summary Compensation Table the year shown.
 
  (c)
Reflects the aggregate change in pension value for all defined benefit plans. There are no service costs or prior service costs associated with pension benefits since the Cash Balance Pension Plan and the Excess Cash Balance Pension Plan are frozen.
 
  (d)
Reflects awards that failed to meet vesting conditions during the covered year.
 
  (e)
Reflects the actual CAP for the PEO and average CAP for the
Non-PEO
NEOs.
       
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return
CAP versus Company TSR
As shown in the chart above, the PEO and other NEO’s CAP amounts are aligned with the Company’s TSR. This alignment is due to the Company’s executive compensation program being composed of primarily equity, with 50% of PEO and approximately 84% of all
Non-PEO
NEO’s total compensation for the 2024 performance year being comprised of equity-based compensation, similar to prior years. In addition, a portion of PEO compensation is directly linked to the Company’s TSR and vests entirely on the Company’s TSR performance relative to the Performance Share Peers over a three-year period.
       
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income
CAP versus Net Income
As shown in the chart above, the Company’s net income has varied over the measurement period. While net income has increased and decreased directionally with PEO and other NEO CAP for certain years in the performance period, the changes are not proportionally correlated with CAP. This is due in large part to the large portion of PEO and other NEO compensation that is equity-based compensation as well as the significant volatility of GAAP net income that resulted from the pandemic and post-pandemic periods of economic volatility that were covered by a portion of the measurement period. In addition, while net income is one of several factors used to assess Company performance, the Company does not use net income as a primary metric to determine compensation levels or incentive plan payout.
       
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure
CAP versus D+TBV
As shown in the chart above, the PEO and other NEO’s CAP amounts are aligned with the Company selected measure of D+TBV. This alignment is partially due to a large portion of PEO and other NEO compensation being comprised of Financial Performance Shares (as described on page 79). For the 2024 performance year, 54% of PEO total compensation and an average of 27% of other NEO total compensation was granted in the form of Financial Performance Shares, similar to prior years. For Financial Performance Shares taken into consideration in the calculation of CAP,
two-thirds
of the payout of each Financial Performance Share upon vesting is based on D+TBV for the years covered in the chart above.
       
Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group
Company TSR versus Peer Group TSR
As shown in the chart above, the TSR peer group is based on the S&P Financial Index, which reflects the Company’s industry sector. The Company’s cumulative TSR was above that of the S&P Financial Index during the period covered by the table above. The financial services industry faced challenges and volatility over the measured period including a pandemic-driven economic downturn, substantial changes in interest rates, regional bank failures and the resulting bank funding stress. Strong liquidity, the stability of Capital One’s insured deposit base, the strength of our credit performance relative to peers, and investor confidence in our results and our future buoyed our stock price and balance sheet strength.
       
Tabular List, Table
D+TBV
 
 
∎
  
D+TBV rewards strong operational results, balanced stewardship of capital, and long-term stockholder value creation by measuring the value distributed to stockholders (common dividends per share) and the growth of company value created for common stockholders (tangible book value per common share).
 
 
∎
  
D+TBV is calculated as the average of the ratios, expressed as a percentage, of (i) the Company’s tangible book value per common share at the end of each year within the performance period, plus total common dividends per share paid during such year, to (ii) the Company’s tangible book value per common share at the beginning of each corresponding year within the performance period.
Adjusted ROTCE
 
 
∎
  
Adjusted ROTCE rewards balanced capital management and stewardship while capturing current and historical business performance and profitability as compared to the size of our stockholders’ investment in the Company. ROTCE is broadly used in banking as a key performance indicator and component in peer executive compensation programs.
 
 
∎
  
Adjusted ROTCE is calculated as the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (i) the Company’s net income available to common stockholders, excluding, on a
tax-adjusted
basis, the impact of impairment, amortization and
re-measurement
of intangible assets, to (ii) the Company’s average tangible common equity.
Net Revenue
 
 
∎
  
Net revenue, and the growth of net revenue, reflects the Company’s ability to grow new customer relationships, deepen existing relationships, and expand into new businesses and areas of focus and market opportunity. Net revenue serves as the key driver for long-term earnings power and requires delivery of compelling products and experiences as well as a sustainable, through-cycle pricing strategy and business model.
       
Total Shareholder Return Amount $ 189.44 137.03 94.95 145.28 97.32
Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount 173.9 133.2 118.77 132.75 98.31
Net Income (Loss) $ 4,750,000,000 $ 4,887,000,000 $ 7,360,000,000 $ 12,390,000,000 $ 2,714,000,000
Company Selected Measure Amount 9.6 18.7 (11.3) 15.8 6.7
PEO Name Mr. Fairbank        
Measure:: 1          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Name D+TBV        
Non-GAAP Measure Description D+TBV is a
non-GAAP
metric. D+TBV is calculated as the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (i) the Company’s tangible book value per share at the end of each year, plus total common dividends per share paid during such year, to (ii) the Company’s tangible book value per share at the beginning of each corresponding year. 		       
Measure:: 2          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Name Adjusted ROTCE        
Measure:: 3          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Name Net Revenue        
PEO | Aggregate Change in Present Value of Accumulated Benefit for All Pension Plans Reported in Summary Compensation Table          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount $ (12,143)        
PEO | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (25,206,709)        
PEO | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 32,092,806        
PEO | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 14,835,622        
PEO | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 2,715,253        
PEO | Dividends or Other Earnings Paid on Equity Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Total Compensation for Covered Year          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 1,136,255        
Non-PEO NEO | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (3,443,874)        
Non-PEO NEO | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 4,415,292        
Non-PEO NEO | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 1,181,753        
Non-PEO NEO | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 346,736        
Non-PEO NEO | Dividends or Other Earnings Paid on Equity Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Total Compensation for Covered Year          
Pay vs Performance Disclosure          
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount $ 109,686