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Equity-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2013
Share-based Compensation [Abstract] |
Equity-Based Compensation | EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION Restricted Stock Units and Awards Restricted stock units (RSUs) and restricted stock awards (RSAs) have been issued to certain employees and directors at fair market value at the date of grant. The RSUs entitle the holder to receive one ordinary share for each RSU upon vesting, generally over three or four years. RSAs are issued and outstanding at the time of grant, but remain subject to forfeiture until vested, generally over three or four years. A summary of the RSU and RSA activity for 2013 follows:
(Restricted stock units and awards in millions) | Number of restricted stock units and awards |  | Weighted-average fair value per unit and award
Non-vested at January 1 | 3.4 |  |  | $ | 42.47 |
Granted | 1.5 |  |  | 57.75 |
Vested | (1.3 | ) |  | 37.71 |
Forfeited | (0.2 | ) |  | 50.70 |
Non-vested at December 31 | 3.4 |  |  | $ | 51.37 |
Information related to RSUs and RSAs follows:
| 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
Pretax expense for RSUs and RSAs | $ | 69 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 50 |
After-tax expense for RSUs and RSAs | 45 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 32 |
As of December 31, 2013, total compensation expense not yet recognized related to non-vested RSUs and RSAs was $111, and the weighted-average period in which the expense is expected to be recognized is 2.2 years. Excess tax benefit for equity-based compensation totaled $10 for 2013. Stock Options Under various plans, stock options have been granted to certain employees and directors to purchase ordinary shares at prices equal to fair market value on the date of grant. Substantially all of these options vest ratably during the three-year period following the date of grant and expire 10 years from the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized for stock options based on the fair value of the options at the date of grant and amortized on a straight-line basis over the period the employee or director is required to provide service. The Company uses a Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options. The principal assumptions utilized in valuing stock options include the expected stock price volatility (based on the most recent historical period equal to the expected life of the option); the expected option life (an estimate based on historical experience); the expected dividend yield; and the risk-free interest rate (an estimate based on the yield of United States Treasury zero coupon with a maturity equal to the expected life of the option). A summary of the assumptions used in determining the fair value of stock options follows:
| 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
Expected volatility | 36 | % |  | 35 | % |  | 33 | %
Expected option life in years | 5.5 |  |  | 5.5 |  |  | 5.5 |
Expected dividend yield | 2.0 | % |  | 2.0 | % |  | 2.0 | %
Risk-free interest rate | 1.5 to 0.8% |  |  | 1.0 to 0.9% |  |  | 2.2% to 1.4% |
Weighted-average fair value of stock options granted | $ | 17.49 |  |  | $ | 14.08 |  |  | $ | 14.56 |
A summary of stock option activity follows:
(Options in millions) | Weighted-average price per option |  | Options |  | Weighted-average remaining contractual life in years |  | Aggregate intrinsic value
Outstanding at January 1, 2013 | $ | 39.45 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  |  |  |
Granted | 63.15 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | 35.76 |  |  | (3.6 | ) |  |  |  |
Forfeited and canceled | 50.76 |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2013 | $ | 43.43 |  |  | 7.9 |  |  | 4.4 |  | $ | 259 |
Exercisable at December 31, 2013 | $ | 40.05 |  |  | 6.4 |  |  | 3.4 |  | $ | 232 |
Reserved for future grants at December 31, 2013 |  |  | 17.7 |  |  |  |  |
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total excess of the $76.12 closing price of Eaton ordinary shares on the last trading day of 2013 over the exercise price of the stock option, multiplied by the related number of options outstanding and exercisable. The aggregate intrinsic value is not recognized for financial accounting purposes and the value changes based on the daily changes in the fair market value of the Company's ordinary shares. Information related to stock options follows:
| 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
Pretax expense for stock options | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 5 |
After-tax expense for stock options | 7 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 4 |
Proceeds from stock options exercised | 121 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 71 |
Income tax benefit related to stock options exercised |  |  |  |  |
Tax benefit classified in operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 3 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 13 |
Excess tax benefit classified in financing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 22 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 33 |
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised | 102 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 62 |
Total fair value of stock options vesting | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Stock options exercised, in millions of options | 3.565 |  |  | 3.099 |  |  | 2.541 |
As of December 31, 2013, total compensation expense not yet recognized related to non-vested stock options was $14, and the weighted-average period in which the expense is expected to be recognized is 2 years.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5047-113901 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6406099&loc=d3e25284-112666 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 40 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6418621&loc=d3e17540-113929 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5444-113901 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 14 + Details
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