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Segment Reporting and Geographic Information | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
SEGMENT REPORTING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION | NOTE 17 — SEGMENT REPORTING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer. As a result of the Orbotech Acquisition, we updated our organizational structure resulting in four reportable segments: Semiconductor Process Control; Specialty Semiconductor Process; PCB, Display and Component Inspection; and Other. The reportable segments are determined based on several factors including, but not limited to, customer base, homogeneity of products, technology, delivery channels and similar economic characteristics. Semiconductor Process Control. The Semiconductor Process Control (“SPC”) segment offers comprehensive portfolio of inspection, metrology and data analytics products, and related service, which helps integrated circuit manufacturers achieve target yield throughout the entire semiconductor fabrication process-from research and development (“R&D”) to final volume production. Our differentiated products and services are designed to provide comprehensive solutions that help our customers accelerate development and production ramp cycles, achieve higher and more stable semiconductor die yields and improve their overall profitability. This reportable segment is comprised of two operating segments. Specialty Semiconductor Process The Specialty Semiconductor Manufacturing segment develops and sells advanced vacuum deposition and etching process tools, which are used by a broad range of specialty semiconductor customers, including manufacturers of microelectromechanical systems (“MEMS”), radio frequency (“RF”) communication chips, and power semiconductors for automotive and industrial applications. This reportable segment is comprised of one operating segment. PCB, Display and Component Inspection The PCB, Display and Component Inspection segment enable electronic device manufacturers to inspect, test and measure printed circuit boards (“PCBs”), flat panel displays (“FPDs”) and ICs to verify their quality, pattern the desired electronic circuitry on the relevant substrate and perform three-dimensional shaping of metalized circuits on multiple surfaces. This segment also engages in the development and marketing of character recognition solutions to banks, financial and other payment processing institutions and healthcare providers. This reportable segment is comprised of two operating segments. Other We engage in the research, development and marketing of products for the deposition of thin film coating of various materials on crystalline silicon photovoltaic wafers for solar energy panels. This reportable segment is comprised of one operating segment. The CODM assesses the performance of each operating segment and allocates resources to those segments based on total revenue and segment gross margin and does not evaluate the segments using discrete asset information. Segment gross margin excludes corporate allocation and effects of foreign exchange rates, amortization of intangible assets, amortization of inventory fair value adjustments, and transaction costs associated with our acquisitions related to costs of revenues. The following is a summary of results for each of our four reportable segments for the indicated periods:
| Year ended June 30,
(In thousands) | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Semiconductor Process Control: |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 4,080,822 |  |  | $ | 3,944,015 |  |  | $ | 3,408,876 |
Segment gross margin | $ | 2,590,434 |  |  | $ | 2,554,223 |  |  | $ | 2,160,747 |
Specialty Semiconductor Process: |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 151,164 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Segment gross margin | $ | 78,800 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
PCB, Display and Component Inspection: |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 332,810 |  |  | $ | 92,516 |  |  | $ | 71,557 |
Segment gross margin | $ | 155,765 |  |  | $ | 38,428 |  |  | $ | 30,914 |
Other: |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 4,676 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Segment gross margin | $ | 1,102 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Totals: |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 4,569,472 |  |  | $ | 4,036,531 |  |  | $ | 3,480,433 |
Segment gross margin | $ | 2,826,101 |  |  | $ | 2,592,651 |  |  | $ | 2,191,661 |
The following table reconciles total reportable segment revenue to total revenue for the indicated periods:
| Year ended June 30,
(In thousands) | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Total revenue for reportable segments | $ | 4,569,472 |  |  | $ | 4,036,531 |  |  | $ | 3,480,433 |
Corporate allocation and effects of foreign exchange rates | (568 | ) |  | 170 |  |  | (419 | )
Total revenue | $ | 4,568,904 |  |  | $ | 4,036,701 |  |  | $ | 3,480,014 |
The following table reconciles total segment gross margin to total income before income taxes for the indicated periods:
| Year ended June 30,
(In thousands) | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Total segment gross margin | $ | 2,826,101 |  |  | $ | 2,592,651 |  |  | $ | 2,191,661 |
Merger and acquisition-related charges, corporate allocation, and effects of foreign exchange rates(1) | 126,574 |  |  | 1,991 |  |  | (2,138 | )
Research and development | 711,030 |  |  | 608,531 |  |  | 526,688 |
Selling, general and administrative | 599,124 |  |  | 442,304 |  |  | 388,211 |
Interest expense | 124,604 |  |  | 114,376 |  |  | 122,476 |
Other expense (income), net | (31,462 | ) |  | (30,482 | ) |  | (16,822 | )
Income before income taxes | $ | 1,296,231 |  |  | $ | 1,455,931 |  |  | $ | 1,173,246 |
__________________
(1) | Acquisition-related charges primarily include amortization of intangible assets, amortization of inventory fair value adjustments, and other acquisition-related costs classified or presented as part of costs of revenues. Merger-related charges are associated with the merger agreement terminated during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 between KLA and Lam Research Corporation (“Lam”) primarily includes employee retention-related expenses associated with costs of revenues.
Our significant operations outside the United States include manufacturing facilities in China, Germany, Israel and Singapore and sales, marketing and service offices in Japan, the rest of the Asia Pacific region and Europe. For geographical revenue reporting, revenues are attributed to the geographic location in which the customer is located. Long-lived assets consist of land, property and equipment, net and are attributed to the geographic region in which they are located. The following is a summary of revenues by geographic region, based on ship-to location, for the indicated periods:
(Dollar amounts in thousands) | Year ended June 30,
2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
China | $ | 1,215,807 |  |  | 27 | % |  | $ | 643,033 |  |  | 16 | % |  | $ | 412,098 |  |  | 12 | %
Taiwan | 1,105,726 |  |  | 24 | % |  | 636,363 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 1,104,307 |  |  | 32 | %
North America | 596,452 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 494,330 |  |  | 12 | % |  | 523,024 |  |  | 14 | %
Korea | 584,091 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 1,178,601 |  |  | 29 | % |  | 688,094 |  |  | 20 | %
Japan | 581,529 |  |  | 13 | % |  | 638,358 |  |  | 16 | % |  | 351,202 |  |  | 10 | %
Europe and Israel | 305,924 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 300,883 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 263,789 |  |  | 8 | %
Rest of Asia | 179,375 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 145,133 |  |  | 4 | % |  | 137,500 |  |  | 4 | %
Total | $ | 4,568,904 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 4,036,701 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 3,480,014 |  |  | 100 | %
The following is a summary of revenues by major products for the indicated periods:
(Dollar amounts in thousands) | Year ended June 30,
2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wafer Inspection | $ | 1,657,753 |  |  | 36 | % |  | $ | 1,731,809 |  |  | 43 | % |  | $ | 1,600,889 |  |  | 46 | %
Patterning | 1,134,409 |  |  | 25 | % |  | 1,116,022 |  |  | 28 | % |  | 917,178 |  |  | 26 | %
Specialty Semiconductor Process | 129,854 |  |  | 3 | % |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | — |  |  | — | %
PCB, Display and Component Inspection | 238,275 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 85,836 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 66,399 |  |  | 2 | %
Services | 1,176,661 |  |  | 26 | % |  | 876,030 |  |  | 22 | % |  | 776,080 |  |  | 22 | %
Other | 231,952 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 227,004 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 119,468 |  |  | 4 | %
Total | $ | 4,568,904 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 4,036,701 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 3,480,014 |  |  | 100 | %
Wafer Inspection, and Patterning products are offered in Semiconductor Process Control segment. Services are offered in multiple segments. Other includes primarily refurbished systems, remanufactured legacy systems, and enhancements and upgrades for previous-generation products which are part of Semiconductor Process Control segment. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, one customer accounted for approximately 15% of total revenues. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018, one customer accounted for approximately 21% of total revenues. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017, two customers accounted for approximately 23% and 16% of total revenues. Long-lived assets by geographic region as of the dates indicated below were as follows:
| As of June 30,
(In thousands) | 2019 |  | 2018
Long-lived assets: |  |  |
United States | $ | 253,255 |  |  | $ | 187,352 |
Israel | 66,082 |  |  | 26,980 |
Europe | 62,027 |  |  | 12,924 |
Singapore | 49,523 |  |  | 47,009 |
Rest of Asia | 17,912 |  |  | 12,041 |
Total | $ | 448,799 |  |  | $ | 286,306 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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