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INCOME TAXES - Summary of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023
--- | --- | ---
Deferred tax assets: |  |
Net operating loss carryforwards | $ 288 | $ 417
Stock-based compensation | 84 | 94
Reserves and accruals not currently deductible | 685 | 644
Excess of tax basis over book basis of intangible assets | 910 | 1,041
Upfront and milestone payments | 1,312 | 1,271
Research and other credit carryforwards | 428 | 283
Equity investments | 237 | 221
Liability related to future royalties | 287 | 296
Capitalized R&D expenditures | 2,173 | 1,623
Capital losses | 590 | 17
Other, net | 213 | 303
Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance | 7,207 | 6,210
Valuation allowance | (1,217) | (663)
Total deferred tax assets | 5,990 | 5,547
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |
Property, plant and equipment | (276) | (274)
Excess of book basis over tax basis of intangible assets | (3,836) | (5,481)
Other | (224) | (184)
Total deferred tax liabilities | (4,336) | (5,939)
Net deferred tax assets | $ 1,654 |
Net deferred tax liabilities |  | $ (392)

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