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INCOME TAXES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
Note 5. Income Taxes
 
The effective tax rate increased for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2018 primarily due to lower tax benefits (reduction of accrued withholding taxes of approximately $114 million in 2019 and approximately $1.1 billion in 2018 related to unremitted foreign earnings), partially offset by $432 million of tax costs incurred in 2018 related to the spin-offs. Other changes to the tax rate include increased tax benefits for employee share-based compensation, and lower forecasted Global Intangible Low Taxed Income tax expense in the current year.

The effective tax rate for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the reduction of withholding taxes related to unremitted foreign earnings.