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Pending Acquisition | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract] |
Pending Acquisition | Pending Acquisition Norfolk Southern, a Virginia corporation, is one of the nation’s premier transportation companies, moving goods and materials that help drive the U.S. economy. Norfolk Southern connects customers to markets and communities to economic opportunity with safe, reliable, and cost-effective shipping solutions. Its Norfolk Southern Railway Company subsidiary operates in 22 states and the District of Columbia. Norfolk Southern is a major transporter of industrial products, including agriculture, forest, and consumer products, chemicals, and metals and construction materials. In addition, in the East, it serves every major container port and operates the most extensive intermodal network. Norfolk Southern is also a principal carrier of coal, automobiles, and automotive parts. Norfolk Southern’s stock is publicly traded on the NYSE under the ticker symbol NSC. On July 28, 2025, Union Pacific, Norfolk Southern, Ruby Merger Sub 1 Corporation, and Ruby Merger Sub 2 LLC, entered into an agreement and plan of merger (the merger agreement). The merger agreement provides, among other things, for the acquisition of Norfolk Southern by Union Pacific, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions specified therein, through two mergers: (i) first, Ruby Merger Sub 1 Corporation will merge with and into Norfolk Southern with Norfolk Southern surviving as a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Union Pacific (the first merger); and (ii) second, immediately after the first merger, Norfolk Southern will merge with and into Ruby Merger Sub 2 LLC with Ruby Merger Sub 2 LLC surviving as a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Union Pacific (second merger). The first merger and the second merger are collectively referred to as the mergers. At the effective time of the first merger (first effective time), each share of Norfolk Southern common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, except for shares held by Union Pacific or Norfolk Southern, or their direct or indirect subsidiaries (other than, with respect to shares held by Union Pacific, Norfolk Southern, Ruby Merger Sub 1 Corporation, or Ruby Merger Sub 2 LLC, shares held on behalf of third parties), will be converted automatically into the right to receive one validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable share of Union Pacific common stock and $88.82 in cash, without interest. Assuming completion of the mergers, we expect approximately 224.8 million shares of common stock to be issued and approximately $20 billion of cash consideration to be paid. The cash consideration is expected to be funded through a combination of new debt and cash accumulated through cash provided by operating activities. The actual value of the transaction may fluctuate based upon changes in the price of Union Pacific common stock and the number of Norfolk Southern common stock outstanding at the first effective time. The combination of Norfolk Southern and Union Pacific would create America’s first transcontinental railroad that spans over 50,000 miles across 43 states with access to 10 international interchanges and approximately 100 ports. Union Pacific filed a registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-290282), which the SEC declared effective on September 30, 2025. Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern each also filed definitive proxy statements on October 1, 2025. Both Union Pacific's and Norfolk Southern's special meetings of shareholders will be held on November 14, 2025 (unless one or both are adjourned or postponed to a later date). Completion of the mergers is conditioned on Union Pacific shareholders approving the share issuance proposal, Norfolk Southern shareholders approving the merger agreement proposal (each as described in the companies' definitive proxy statements), as well as the receipt of approval of the Surface Transportation Board (STB) and a number of other conditions before the mergers can be consummated, as described in the merger agreement. Norfolk Southern's management and Board of Directors will continue to manage Norfolk Southern until the first effective time, pursuing its independent business plans and growth strategies. Subject to completion of the mergers, the acquisition is expected to be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting and currently expected to be completed in early 2027. Union Pacific incurred the following acquisition-related expense associated with the merger agreement:
Millions | Three months ended September 30, 2025 |  |  | Nine months ended September 30, 2025 |
Acquisition-related expense |  |  |  |  |
Purchased services and materials | $ | 40 |  |  |  | $ | 41 |  |
Other | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |
Total acquisition-related expense [a] | $ | 41 |  |  |  | $ | 42 |  |
[a]Certain acquisition-related costs are non-deductible for income tax purposes. As of September 30, 2025, we incurred deferred share issuance costs of $8 million that will be recognized in paid-in-surplus upon completion of the mergers. Both Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern may be required to pay the other a termination fee of $2.5 billion if the merger agreement is terminated under certain circumstances described in the merger agreement.

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