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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS | 6 Months Ended
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Apr. 30, 2015
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS |
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS | (16) It is the Company’s policy that derivative transactions are executed only to manage exposures arising in the normal course of business and not for the purpose of creating speculative positions or trading. The Company’s financial services operations manage the relationship of the types and amounts of their funding sources to their receivable and lease portfolio in an effort to diminish risk due to interest rate and foreign currency fluctuations, while responding to favorable financing opportunities. The Company also has foreign currency exposures at some of its foreign and domestic operations related to buying, selling and financing in currencies other than the functional currencies. All derivatives are recorded at fair value on the balance sheet. Cash collateral received or paid is not offset against the derivative fair values on the balance sheet. Each derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge, a fair value hedge, or remains undesignated. All designated hedges are formally documented as to the relationship with the hedged item as well as the risk-management strategy. Both at inception and on an ongoing basis the hedging instrument is assessed as to its effectiveness. If and when a derivative is determined not to be highly effective as a hedge, or the underlying hedged transaction is no longer likely to occur, or the hedge designation is removed, or the derivative is terminated, hedge accounting is discontinued. Any past or future changes in the derivative’s fair value, which will not be effective as an offset to the income effects of the item being hedged, are recognized currently in the income statement. Cash flow hedges Certain interest rate and cross-currency interest rate contracts (swaps) were designated as hedges of future cash flows from borrowings. The total notional amounts of the receive-variable/pay-fixed interest rate contracts at April 30, 2015, October 31, 2014 and April 30, 2014 were $2,550 million, $3,050 million and $3,400 million, respectively. The notional amounts of cross-currency interest rate contracts at April 30, 2015, October 31, 2014 and April 30, 2014 were $65 million, $70 million and $70 million, respectively. The effective portions of the fair value gains or losses on these cash flow hedges were recorded in other comprehensive income (OCI) and subsequently reclassified into interest expense or other operating expenses (foreign exchange) in the same periods during which the hedged transactions affected earnings. These amounts offset the effects of interest rate or foreign currency changes on the related borrowings. Any ineffective portions of the gains or losses on all cash flow interest rate contracts designated as hedges were recognized currently in interest expense or other operating expenses (foreign exchange) and were not material during any periods presented. The cash flows from these contracts were recorded in operating activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows. The amount of loss recorded in OCI at April 30, 2015 that is expected to be reclassified to interest expense or other operating expenses in the next twelve months if interest rates or exchange rates remain unchanged is approximately $4 million after-tax. These contracts mature in up to 41 months. There were no gains or losses reclassified from OCI to earnings based on the probability that the original forecasted transaction would not occur. Fair value hedges Certain interest rate contracts (swaps) were designated as fair value hedges of borrowings. The total notional amounts of these receive-fixed/pay-variable interest rate contracts at April 30, 2015, October 31, 2014 and April 30, 2014 were $8,507 million, $8,798 million and $8,593 million, respectively. The effective portions of the fair value gains or losses on these contracts were offset by fair value gains or losses on the hedged items (fixed-rate borrowings). Any ineffective portions of the gains or losses were recognized currently in interest expense. The ineffective portions were a loss of $2 million and a gain of $1 million during the second quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, and were a gain of $1 million and a loss of $1 million during the first six months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. The cash flows from these contracts were recorded in operating activities in the statement of consolidated cash flows. The gains (losses) on these contracts and the underlying borrowings recorded in interest expense follow in millions of dollars:
|  | Three Months Ended April 30 |  | Six Months Ended April 30 |
|  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
Interest rate contracts * |  | $ | (121) |  | $ | (12) |  | $ | 55 |  | $ | (81) |
Borrowings ** |  | 119 |  | 13 |  | (54) |  | 80 |
* Includes changes in fair values of interest rate contracts excluding net accrued interest income of $44 million and $41 million during the second quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $89 million and $77 million during the first six months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. ** Includes adjustments for fair values of hedged borrowings excluding accrued interest expense of $69 million and $66 million during the second quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $139 million and $125 million during the first six months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments The Company has certain interest rate contracts (swaps and caps), foreign exchange contracts (forwards and swaps) and cross-currency interest rate contracts (swaps), which were not formally designated as hedges. These derivatives were held as economic hedges for underlying interest rate or foreign currency exposures primarily for certain borrowings and purchases or sales of inventory. The total notional amounts of these interest rate swaps at April 30, 2015, October 31, 2014 and April 30, 2014 were $6,342 million, $6,317 million and $5,949 million, the foreign exchange contracts were $3,750 million, $3,524 million and $3,731 million and the cross-currency interest rate contracts were $94 million, $98 million and $88 million, respectively. At April 30, 2015, October 31, 2014 and April 30, 2014, there were also $1,320 million, $1,703 million and $1,597 million, respectively, of interest rate caps purchased and the same amounts sold at the same capped interest rate to facilitate borrowings through securitization of retail notes. The fair value gains or losses from the interest rate contracts were recognized currently in interest expense and the gains or losses from foreign exchange contracts in cost of sales or other operating expenses, generally offsetting over time the expenses on the exposures being hedged. The cash flows from these non-designated contracts were recorded in operating activities in the statement of consolidated cash flows. Fair values of derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in millions of dollars follow:
Other Assets |  | April 30 2015 |  | October 31 2014 |  | April 30 2014 |
Designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | 282 |  | $ | 266 |  | $ | 247 |
Cross-currency interest rate contracts |  | 14 |  | 13 |  | 14 |
Total designated |  | 296 |  | 279 |  | 261 |
Not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | 58 |  | 53 |  | 49 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | 38 |  | 18 |  | 20 |
Cross-currency interest rate contracts |  | 12 |  | 3 |  | 2 |
Total not designated |  | 108 |  | 74 |  | 71 |
Total derivatives |  | $ | 404 |  | $ | 353 |  | $ | 332 |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | 14 |  | $ | 35 |  | $ | 92 |
Total designated |  | 14 |  | 35 |  | 92 |
Not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | 58 |  | 46 |  | 44 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | 81 |  | 29 |  | 33 |
Total not designated |  | 139 |  | 75 |  | 77 |
Total derivatives |  | $ | 153 |  | $ | 110 |  | $ | 169 |
The classification and gains (losses) including accrued interest expense related to derivative instruments on the statement of consolidated income consisted of the following in millions of dollars:
|  | Expense or |  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | OCI |  | April 30 |  | April 30 |
|  | Classification |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
Fair Value Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | Interest |  | $ | (77) |  | $ | 29 |  | $ | 144 |  | $ | (4) |
Cash Flow Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recognized in OCI (Effective Portion): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | OCI (pretax) * |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | (6) |  | (5) |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | OCI (pretax) * |  | 1 |  | (3) |  | 2 |  | (5) |
Reclassified from OCI (Effective Portion): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | Interest * |  | (3) |  | (3) |  | (6) |  | (8) |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | Other operating * |  | 1 |  | (1) |  | 2 |  | (6) |
Recognized Directly in Income (Ineffective Portion) |  |  |  | ** |  | ** |  | ** |  | ** |
Not Designated as Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | Interest * |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | (12) |  | $ | 4 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | Cost of sales |  | (19) |  | (26) |  | 26 |  | 30 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | Other operating * |  | (34) |  | (76) |  | 200 |  | 11 |
Total not designated |  |  |  | $ | (52) |  | $ | (100) |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 45 |
* Includes interest and foreign exchange gains (losses) from cross-currency interest rate contracts. ** The amount is not significant. Counterparty Risk and Collateral Certain of the Company’s derivative agreements contain credit support provisions that may require the Company to post collateral based on the size of the net liability positions and credit ratings. The aggregate fair value of all derivatives with credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a net liability position at April 30, 2015, October 31, 2014 and April 30, 2014, was $51 million, $57 million and $112 million, respectively. The Company, due to its credit rating and amounts of net liability position, has not posted any collateral. If the credit-risk-related contingent features were triggered, the Company would be required to post collateral up to an amount equal to this liability position, prior to considering applicable netting provisions. Derivative instruments are subject to significant concentrations of credit risk to the banking sector. The Company manages individual counterparty exposure by setting limits that consider the credit rating of the counterparty, the credit default swap spread of the counterparty and other financial commitments and exposures between the Company and the counterparty banks. All interest rate derivatives are transacted under International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) documentation. Some of these agreements include credit support provisions. Each master agreement permits the net settlement of amounts owed in the event of default or termination. Derivatives are recorded without offsetting for netting arrangements or collateral. The impact on the derivative assets and liabilities related to netting arrangements and any collateral received or paid follows:
April 30, 2015 |  | Gross Amounts Recognized |  | Netting Arrangements |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  | $ | 404 |  | $ | (76) |  | $ | (1) |  | $ | 327 |
Liabilities |  | 153 |  | (76) |  |  |  | 77 |
October 31, 2014 |  | Gross Amounts Recognized |  | Netting Arrangements |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  | $ | 353 |  | $ | (76) |  | $ | (5) |  | $ | 272 |
Liabilities |  | 110 |  | (76) |  |  |  | 34 |
April 30, 2014 |  | Gross Amounts Recognized |  | Netting Arrangements |  | Collateral Received |  | Net Amount |
Derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  | $ | 332 |  | $ | (95) |  | $ | (5) |  | $ | 232 |
Liabilities |  | 169 |  | (95) |  |  |  | 74 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for derivative instruments and hedging activities including, but not limited to, risk management strategies, non-hedging derivative instruments, assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4J -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5708773-113959 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 25 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6886632&loc=d3e76258-113986 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5618551-113959 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4H -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5624258-113959 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=d3e41638-113959 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35736893&loc=d3e80748-113994 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4K -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5708775-113959 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5579245-113959 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(n)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4E -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5624181-113959 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35736893&loc=d3e80784-113994 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4D -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5624177-113959 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=d3e41620-113959 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5580258-113959 Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 30 -Section 45 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6441202&loc=d3e80720-113993 Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4C -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5624171-113959 Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5624163-113959 Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=SL5579240-113959 Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=56946850&loc=d3e41641-113959 + Details
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