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LEASES

3 Months Ended

Feb. 02, 2020

(15) Leases

The Company is both a lessee and a lessor. The Company leases for its own use, under leases with expected use periods generally ranging from less than one year to 20 years, primarily warehouse facilities, office space, production equipment, information technology equipment, and vehicles. The Company’s financial services segment leases to users equipment produced or sold by the Company. These leases are usually written for periods of less than one year to seven years.

The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at the contract inception.

Lessee

The Company recognizes on the balance sheet a lease liability and a right of use asset for leases with a term greater than 12 months for both operating and finance leases.

The amounts of the lease liability and right of use asset are determined at lease commencement and are based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. The lease payments are discounted using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate since the rate implicit in the lease is generally not readily determinable. The Company determines the incremental borrowing rate for each lease based primarily on the lease term and the economic environment of the country where the asset will be used, adjusted as if the borrowings were collateralized. Leases with contractual periods greater than 12 months and that do not meet the finance lease criteria are classified as operating leases.

Certain real estate leases contain one or more options to terminate or renew, with terms that can generally extend the lease term from one to 10 years. Options that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise are included in the lease term.

The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components, such as maintenance and utilities costs included in a lease contract, for all asset classes. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term and recorded in short-term lease expense. Variable lease expense primarily includes warehouse facilities leases with payments based on utilization exceeding contractual minimum amounts and leases with payments indexed to inflation when the index changes after lease commencement.

The lease expense by type consisted of the following in millions of dollars:


	Three Months Ended
	February 2, 2020
Operating lease expense	$	32
Short-term lease expense		4
Variable lease expense		10
Finance lease depreciation expense		5
Total lease expense	$	51

Operating and finance lease right of use assets and liabilities follow in millions of dollars:


	February 2, 2020
Operating leases
Other assets	$	376
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		361

Finance leases
Property and equipment — net	$	37

Short-term borrowings		12
Long-term borrowings		23
Total finance lease liabilities	$	35

The weighted-average remaining lease term in years and discount rates follows:


		February 2, 2020
Weighted-average remaining lease terms
Operating leases		7
Finance leases		3
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases		2.5%
Finance leases		3.2%

Lease payment amounts in each of the next five years at February 2, 2020 follow in millions of dollars:


	Operating		Finance
February 2, 2020	Leases		Leases
Remainder of 2020	$	93	$	12
2021		80		11
2022		69		8
2023		53		3
2024		38		2
2025		19
Later years		33		1
Total lease payments		385		37
Less imputed interest		24		2
Total lease liabilities	$	361	$	35

Future minimum lease payments under the previous lease standard for operating and finance leases at November 3, 2019 follow in millions of dollars:


	Operating		Capital
November 3, 2019	Leases		Leases
2020	$	111	$	12
2021		77		10
2022		56		6
2023		39		2
2024		28		1
Later years		26		1
Total minimum lease payments	$	337	$	32

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:


	Three Months Ended
	February 2, 2020
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	30
Financing cash flows from finance leases		5

Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:


	Three Months Ended
	February 2, 2020
Operating leases	$	16
Finance leases		9

Lessor

The Company leases equipment manufactured or sold by the Company and a limited amount of non-Deere equipment to retail customers through sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases. Sales-type and direct financing leases are reported in “Financing receivables - net” on the consolidated balance sheet. Operating leases are reported in “Equipment on operating leases - net” on the consolidated balance sheet.

Leases offered by the Company may include early termination and renewal options. At the end of a lease, the lessee generally has the option to purchase the underlying equipment for a fixed price or return it to the dealer. If the equipment is returned to the dealer, the dealer also has the option to purchase the equipment or return it to the Company for remarketing.

The Company estimates the residual values for operating leases at lease inception based on several factors, including lease term, expected hours of usage, historical wholesale sale prices, return experience, intended use of the equipment, market dynamics and trends, and dealer residual guarantees. The Company reviews residual value estimates during the lease term and tests the carrying value of its operating lease assets for impairment when events or circumstances necessitate. The depreciation is adjusted on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term if residual value estimates decline. Lease agreements include usage limits and specifications on machine condition, which allow the Company to assess lessees for excess use or damages to the underlying equipment.

The Company has elected to combine lease and nonlease components. The nonlease components primarily relate to preventative maintenance and extended warranty agreements financed by the retail customer. The Company has also elected to report consideration related to sales and value added taxes net of the related tax expense. Property taxes on leased assets are recorded on a gross basis in “Finance and interest income” and “Other operating expenses” on the statement of consolidated income. Variable lease revenues primarily relate to property taxes on leased assets in certain markets and late fees.

Lease revenues earned by the Company were as follows in millions of dollars:


	Three Months Ended
	February 2, 2020
Sales-type and direct finance lease revenues	$	36
Operating lease revenues		374
Variable lease revenues		5
Total lease revenues	$	415

At the time of accepting a lease that qualifies as a sales-type or direct financing lease, the Company records the gross amount of lease payments receivable, estimated residual value of the leased equipment, and unearned finance income. The unearned finance income is recognized as revenue over the lease term using the interest method.

Sales-type and direct financing lease receivables by product category were as follows in millions of dollars:


	February 2		November 3
	2020		2019
Agriculture and turf	$	863	$	897
Construction and forestry		1,007		1,033
Total		1,870		1,930
Guaranteed residual values		152		232
Unguaranteed residual values		98		101
Less unearned finance income		209		212
Financing leases receivables	$	1,911	$	2,051

Scheduled payments, including guaranteed residual values, on sales-type and direct financing lease receivables at February 2, 2020 follow in millions of dollars:


	February 2
	2020
Due in:
Remainder of 2020	$	732
2021		614
2022		380
2023		188
2024		86
2025		18
Later years		4
Total	$	2,022

Scheduled payments on financing lease receivables under the previous lease standard at November 3, 2019 follow in millions of dollars:


	November 3
	2019
Due in:
2020	$	833
2021		557
2022		321
2023		153
2024		53
Later years		13
Total	$	1,930

Lease payments from operating leases are recorded as income on a straight-line method over the lease terms. Operating lease assets are recorded at cost and depreciated to their estimated residual value on a straight-line method over the terms of the leases.

The cost of equipment on operating leases by product category was as follows in millions of dollars:


	February 2		November 3
	2020		2019
Agriculture and turf	$	7,260	$	7,257
Construction and forestry		2,163		2,165
Total		9,423		9,422
Less accumulated depreciation		1,919		1,855
Equipment on operating leases - net	$	7,504	$	7,567

The total operating lease residual values at February 2, 2020 and November 3, 2019 were $5,299 million and $5,259 million, respectively. Certain operating leases are subject to residual value guarantees. The total residual value guarantees were $652 million and $647 million at February 2, 2020 and November 3, 2019, respectively.

Lease payments for equipment on operating leases at February 2, 2020 were scheduled as follows in millions of dollars:


	February 2
	2020
Due in:
Remainder of 2020	$	948
2021		871
2022		513
2023		248
2024		80
2025		3
Total	$	2,663

Rental payments for equipment on operating leases under the previous lease standard at November 3, 2019 were scheduled as follows in millions of dollars:


	November 3
	2019
Due in:
2020	$	1,086
2021		759
2022		419
2023		193
2024		41
Total	$	2,498

The Company discusses with lessees and dealers options to purchase the equipment or extend the lease prior to lease maturity. Equipment returned to the Company upon termination of leases is remarketed by the Company. The matured operating lease inventory balances at February 2, 2020 and November 3, 2019 were $130 million and $163 million, respectively.