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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Policies) | 6 Months Ended
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Apr. 27, 2025
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS |
Fiscal Period, Policy | We use a 52/53 week fiscal year with quarters ending on the last Sunday in the reporting period. The second quarter ends for fiscal years 2025 and 2024 were April 27, 2025 and April 28, 2024, respectively. Both quarters contained 13 weeks, while both year-to-date periods contained 26 weeks. Fiscal year 2025 will contain 53 weeks, with the additional week occurring in the fourth quarter. Unless otherwise stated, references to particular years, quarters, or months refer to our fiscal years generally ending in October and the associated periods in those fiscal years.
Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy | We have a 50% ownership interest in Banco John Deere S.A. (BJD), an equity method investment that finances retail and wholesale loans for agricultural, construction, and forestry equipment in Brazil. This investment was established in February 2025 through the sale of 50% ownership of a former subsidiary (see Note 20). BJD is a variable interest entity (VIE) as we provide funding and are exposed to losses that are disproportionate to our voting rights. However, we are not the primary beneficiary of the VIE because the power over significant activities, including the strategic plan, budget, credit policies, and funding guidelines, is shared among equity holders through an equally represented board of directors.
Use of Estimates in Financial Statements, Policy | Certain accounting policies require management to make estimates and assumptions in determining the amounts reflected in the financial statements and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy | We closely monitor all Accounting Standard Updates (ASUs) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and other authoritative guidance. We adopted the following standards in 2025, none of which had a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
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No. 2023-05 — Business Combinations – Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60): Recognition and Initial Measurement | ​
No. 2022-03 — Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions | ​
​ Accounting Pronouncements to be Adopted In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which expands disclosures about specific expense categories presented on the face of the income statement. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which clarifies the effective date of ASU 2024-03. The ASU will be effective for us beginning with our annual reporting for fiscal year 2028 and interim periods thereafter. We are assessing the effect of ASU 2024-03 on our related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The ASU will be effective for us beginning with our annual reporting for fiscal year 2026. We are assessing the effect of this update on our related disclosures. We will also adopt the following standards in future periods, none of which are expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
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No. 2024-04 — Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments | ​
No. 2023-07 — Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures | ​
No. 2023-06 — Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative | ​
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Credit Quality, Policy | We monitor the credit quality of financing receivables based on delinquency status, defined as follows:
| ● | Past due balances represent any payments 30 days or more past the due date.
| ● | Non-performing financing receivables represent receivables for which we have stopped accruing finance income. This generally occurs when receivables are 90 days delinquent.
| ● | Write-offs generally occur when receivables are 120 days delinquent. In these situations, the estimated uncollectible amount is written off to the allowance for credit losses.
Modifications We occasionally grant contractual modifications to customers experiencing financial difficulties. Before offering a modification, we evaluate the ability of the customer to meet the modified payment terms. Modifications offered include payment deferrals, term extensions, or a combination thereof. Finance charges continue to accrue during the deferral or extension period with the exception of modifications related to bankruptcy proceedings. Our allowance for credit losses incorporates historical loss information, including the effects of loan modifications with customers. Therefore, additional adjustments to the allowance are generally not recorded upon modification of a loan.
Securitization of Financing Receivables, Policy | Our funding strategy includes receivable securitizations, which allows us to receive cash for financing receivables immediately. While these securitization programs are administered in various forms, they are accomplished in the following basic steps:
| 1. | We transfer financing receivables into a bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (SPE).
| 2. | The SPE issues debt to investors. The debt is secured by the financing receivables.
| 3. | Investors are paid back based on cash receipts from the financing receivables.
As part of step 1, these receivables are legally isolated from the claims of our general creditors. This ensures cash receipts from the financing receivables are accessible to pay back securitization program investors. The structure of these transactions does not meet the accounting criteria for a sale of receivables. As a result, they are accounted for as a secured borrowing. The receivables and borrowings remain on our balance sheet and are separately reported as “Financing receivables securitized – net” and “Short-term securitization borrowings,” respectively.
Inventory Valuation, Policy | A majority of inventories owned by us are valued at cost on the “last-in, first-out” (LIFO) basis.
Derivative Financial Instruments, Policy | In April 2025, we entered into a cross-currency interest rate swap as a designated net investment hedge to reduce the foreign currency exposure from investments in foreign subsidiaries. Changes in fair value of the derivative attributable to changes in the spot rate are recorded in “Cumulative translation adjustment” within “Other comprehensive income” (OCI) to offset changes in the value of the net investments being hedged. Effectiveness is assessed using the spot method. The periodic cash settlement of the pay-fixed rate, receive-fixed rate cross-currency swap is recorded in “Interest expense.”

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