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Long-term assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Subclassifications of assets, liabilities and equities [abstract]

Long-term assetsIntangible assets Millicom’s intangible assets mainly consist of goodwill and customer lists arising from acquisitions, licenses and spectrum.Accounting for intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired in business acquisitions are initially measured at fair value at the date of acquisition. Those which are acquired separately are measured at cost. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalized development costs, are not

capitalized but expensed to the statement of income in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible assets. Subsequently intangible assets are carried at cost, less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses.

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization period and the amortization method for intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed at least at each financial year end. Changes in expected useful lives or the expected beneficial use of the assets are accounted for by changing the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Amortization expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognized in the consolidated statement of income in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible assets.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of cost of an acquisition over the Group’s share in the fair value of identifiable assets less liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquired subsidiary, at the date of the acquisition. If the fair value or the cost of the acquisition can only be determined provisionally, then goodwill is initially accounted for using provisional values. Within 12 months of the acquisition date, any adjustments to the provisional values are recognized. This is done when the fair values and the cost of the acquisition have been finally determined. Adjustments to provisional fair values are made as if the adjusted fair values had been recognized from the acquisition date. Following initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost, less any accumulated impairment losses. Gains or losses on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold.

Where goodwill forms part of a cash-generating unit (or group of cash-generating units) and part of the operation within that unit is disposed of, the goodwill associated with the operation disposed of is included in the carrying amount of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal. Goodwill disposed of in this manner is measured, based on the relative values of the operation disposed and the portion of the cash-generating unit retained.

Goodwill on acquisition of joint ventures or associates is included in investments in joint ventures and associates.

Licenses and Spectrum

Licenses and spectrum are recorded at either historical cost or, if acquired in a business combination, at fair value at the date of acquisition. Cost includes cost of acquisition and other costs directly related to acquisition and retention of licenses over the license period. These costs may include up-front and deferred payments as well as estimates related to fulfillment of terms and conditions related to the licenses such as service or coverage obligations, especially when there is a clear objective evidence that the cost of fulfilling these obligations will be significantly onerous for the Group.

Licenses and spectrum have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. Licenses and spectrum are amortized from the date the network is available for use on a straight-line basis over the license period. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the licenses over their estimated useful lives. The terms of licenses, which have been awarded for various periods, are subject to periodic review for, among other things, rate setting, frequency allocation and technical standards. Licenses held, subject to certain conditions, are usually renewable and generally non-exclusive. When estimating useful lives of licenses, renewal periods are included only if there is evidence to support renewal by the Group without significant cost.

Trademarks and customer lists

Trademarks and customer lists are recognized as intangible assets only when acquired or gained in a business combination. Their cost represents fair value at the date of acquisition. Trademarks have indefinite or finite useful lives and customers lists have finite useful lives. Main factors considered in the determination of the indefinite useful lives include the years that they have been and are expected to be in service and their recognition among peers in the industry. Trademarks and customer lists used by the Group for its own activities are unlikely to generate largely independent cash inflows and therefore are tested for impairment annually together with other assets at each cash-generating unit level. Finite useful life trademarks are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the trademarks and customer lists over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful lives for trademarks and customer lists are based on specific characteristics of the market in which they exist.

Estimated useful lives are:


			Years
Estimated useful lives
Trademarks			1 to 15
Customer lists			4 to 20

Programming and content rights

Programming and content master rights which are purchased or acquired in business combinations which meet certain criteria are recorded at cost as intangible assets. The rights must be exclusive, related to specific assets which are sufficiently developed, and probable to bring future economic benefits and have validity for more than one year. Cost includes consideration paid or payable and other costs directly related to the acquisition of the rights, and are recognized at the earlier of payment or commencement of the broadcasting period to which the rights relate.

Programming and content rights capitalized as intangible assets have a finite useful life and are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the rights over their estimated useful lives.

Non-exclusive and programming and content rights for periods less than one year are expensed over the period of the rights.

Indefeasible rights of use

There is no universally-accepted definition of an indefeasible rights of use (IRU). These agreements come in many forms. However, the key characteristics of a typical arrangement include:

• The right to use specified network infrastructure or capacity;

• For a specified term (often the majority of the useful life of the relevant assets);

• Legal title is not transferred;

• A number of associated service agreements including operations and maintenance (O&M) and co-location agreements. These are typically for the same term as the IRU; and

• Any payments are usually made in advance.

IRUs are accounted for either as a lease, or service contract based on the substance of the underlying agreement.

IRU arrangements will qualify as a lease if, and when:

• The purchaser has an exclusive right for a specified period; and

• The capacity is physically limited and defined; and

• The purchaser bears all costs related to the capacity (directly or not) including costs of operation, administration and maintenance; and

• The purchaser bears the risk of obsolescence during the contract term.

If all of these criteria are not met, the IRU is treated as a service contract.

An IRU of network infrastructure (cables or fiber) is accounted for as a right of use asset (see E.3.), while capacity IRU (wavelength) is accounted for as an intangible asset.

The costs of an IRU recognized as service contract is recognized as prepayment and amortized in the statement of income as incurred over the duration of the contract.Impairment of non-financial assets

At each reporting date Millicom assesses whether there is an indication that a non-financial asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for a non-financial asset is required, an estimate of the asset’s recoverable amount is made. The recoverable amount is determined based on the higher of its fair value less cost to sell, and its value in use, for individual assets, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets.

Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. Where no comparable market information is available, the fair value, less cost to sell, is determined based on the estimated future cash flows discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market conditions for the time value of money and risks specific to the asset. The foregoing analysis also evaluates the appropriateness of the expected useful lives of the assets. Impairment losses related to assets of continuing operations are recognized in the consolidated statement of income in expense categories consistent with the function of the impaired asset.

At each reporting date an assessment is made as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount is estimated. Other than for goodwill, a previously recognized impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. If so, the carrying amount of the asset is increased and cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in profit or loss. After such a reversal, the depreciation charge is adjusted in future periods to allocate the asset’s revised carrying amount, less any residual value, on a systematic basis over its remaining useful life.Movements in intangible assets

Movements in intangible assets in 2024


	Goodwill	Licenses and Spectrum	Customer Lists	IRUs	Trademarks	Other (i)	Total
	(US$ millions)
Opening balance, net	4,107	1,558	769	33	910	408	7,785
Change in scope (see note A.2.2.)	—	114	—	—	—	—	114
Additions	—	123	—	1	—	97	221
Amortization charge	—	(81)	(92)	(9)	—	(138)	(319)
Impairment (ii)	—	(3)	—	—	—	(5)	(8)
Disposals, net	—	2	—	—	—	(1)	1
Asset retirement obligation	—	1	—	—	—	—	1
Transfers	—	4	—	3	—	24	30
Transfer to/from held for sale (see note E.4)	—	(861)	—	—	—	(9)	(870)
Exchange rate movements	(13)	(19)	2	(2)	2	(16)	(47)
Closing balance, net	4,094	840	679	25	912	359	6,908
Cost or valuation	4,094	1,594	1,211	169	1,240	1,302	9,611
Accumulated amortization and impairment	—	(755)	(533)	(144)	(329)	(943)	(2,703)
Net	4,094	840	679	25	912	359	6,908

Movements in intangible assets in 2023


	Goodwill	Licenses and Spectrum	Customer Lists	IRUs	Trademarks	Other (i)	Total
	(US$ millions)
Opening balance, net	4,059	1,094	864	40	910	394	7,361
Additions	—	406	—	1	—	115	522
Amortization charge	—	(116)	(96)	(12)	—	(137)	(361)
Impairment	—	—	—	—	—	(1)	(1)


Transfers	—	4	—	1	—	11	16
Exchange rate movements	48	171	1	4	—	26	249
Closing balance, net	4,107	1,558	769	33	910	408	7,785
Cost or valuation	4,107	2,407	1,206	178	1,243	1,275	10,416
Accumulated amortization and impairment	—	(849)	(437)	(145)	(333)	(867)	(2,631)
Net	4,107	1,558	769	33	910	408	7,785

(i) Other includes mainly software costs.

(ii) During the year ended December 31, 2024, Millicom decommissioned an IT software and as a result recorded $7 million under operating expenses as impairment charges.

Cash used for the purchase of other intangible assets

Cash used for intangible asset additions


	2024	2023	2022
	(US$ millions)
Additions	98	116	156
Change in advances to suppliers	(2)	(3)	1
Change in accruals and payables for intangibles	(2)	21	21
Cash used for additions	94	133	179

Goodwill and indefinite useful life trademarks

Allocation of Goodwill to cash generating units (CGUs)


	2024	2023
	(US$ millions)
Guatemala (see note A.1.2.)	2,477	2,470
Panama	907	907
El Salvador	194	194
Costa Rica	139	135
Paraguay	41	44
Colombia	135	155
Nicaragua	197	197
Bolivia	3	3
Total	4,094	4,107

Allocation of indefinite useful life trademarks to cash generating units (CGUs)


	2024	2023
	(US$ millions)
Guatemala	912	910
Total	912	910

Impairment testing of goodwill and indefinite useful life trademarks

Goodwill and indefinite useful life trademarks from CGUs are tested for impairment at least once a year and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed.

Goodwill arising on business combinations is allocated to each of the Group’s CGUs or groups of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the Group are assigned to those units or groups of units. Each unit or group of units to which the goodwill is allocated:

• Represents the lowest level within the Group at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes; and

• Is not larger than an operating segment.

Impairment is determined by assessing the value-in-use and, if appropriate, the fair value less costs to sell of the CGU (or group of CGUs), to which goodwill relates.

Impairment testing at December 31, 2024 and at December 31, 2023

Goodwill and indefinite useful life trademarks were tested for impairment by assessing the recoverable amount against the carrying amount of the CGU based on discounted cash flows. The recoverable amounts are based on value-in-use. The value-in-use is determined based on the method of discounted cash flows. The cash flow projections used (operating profit margins, income tax, working capital, capex and license renewal cost) are extracted from business plans approved by management, covering a ten-year planning horizon.

The Group uses a ten-year planning horizon to obtain a stable business outlook, in particular due to the long investment cycles in the industry and the long-term planned and expected investments in licenses and spectrum, with expenditures extending beyond 10 years. Moreover, we operate in emerging markets where telecom operators still have significant opportunities for continued penetration and growth. Our markets are mostly consolidated, with two or three players per market, therefore, using ten-year projections reduces the emphasis on terminal values.

Additionally, the Group has performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the potential impact on carrying values when using a five-year plan instead. The results of this analysis indicate that applying perpetuity growth rates at the end of an initial five-year plan does not result in any impairment. Furthermore, it does not reduce the recoverable value by more than 5% in any CGU as compared to the recoverable amount derived from the ten-year plan.

Cash flows beyond this period are extrapolated using a perpetual growth rate. Management validates the reasonableness of the results of the test by comparing the share price implied by the 'sum of the parts' with the market share price. Any gap is reviewed, analyzed and documented. When value-in-use results are lower than the carrying values of the CGUs, management determines the recoverable amount by using the fair value less cost of disposal (FVLCD) of the CGUs. FVLCD is usually determined by using recent offers received from third parties (Level 1).

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, management concluded that no impairment should be recorded in the Group consolidated financial statements.

Key assumptions used in value in use calculations

The process of preparing the cash flow projections considers the current market condition of each CGU, analyzing the macroeconomic, competitive, regulatory and technological environments, as well as the growth opportunities of the CGUs. Therefore, a growth target is defined for each CGU, based on the appropriate allocation of operating resources and the capital investments required to achieve the target. The foregoing forecasts could differ from the results obtained through time; however, the Group prepares its estimates based on the current situation of each of the CGUs. Relevance of budgets used for the impairment test is also reviewed annually, with management performing regressive analysis between actual figures and budget/Long Range Plans (LRPs) used for previous year impairment test.

The cash flow projections for all CGUs is most sensitive to the following key assumptions:

•EBITDA margin is determined by dividing EBITDA by total revenues.

•CAPEX intensity is determined by dividing CAPEX by total revenues.

•Perpetual growth rate does not exceed the countries' GDP.

•Weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) is used to discount the projected cash flows.

The most significant estimates used for the 2024 and 2023 impairment test are shown below:


CGU	Average EBITDA margin (%) (i)		Average CAPEX intensity (%) (i)		Perpetual growth rate (%)		WACC rate after tax (%) (ii)
	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023
Bolivia	46.9	41.3	14.8	13.6	1.0	1.0	22.9	15.4
Colombia	41.4	39.6	11.2	12.3	2.0	2.0	8.9	10.7
Guatemala	55.9	53.3	8.3	11.3	1.0	1.0	8.7	9.7
Costa Rica	37.7	39.8	16.4	16.2	—	2.0	8.2	10.1
El Salvador	47.8	41.7	11.9	13.6	1.0	1.0	10.2	12.1
Nicaragua	50.5	47.5	15.1	13.8	2.0	3.0	15.3	15.5
Panamá	51.0	46.5	10.9	13.1	1.0	1.0	9.4	8.9
Paraguay	50.8	46.8	12.9	14.5	—	1.0	8.6	9.8

(i) Average is computed over the period covered by the plan.

(ii) Millicom uses post-tax rate for the impairment-test, the difference with the pre-tax not resulting in different conclusions.

Sensitivity analysis to changes in assumptions

Management performed a sensitivity analysis on key assumptions within the test. The following maximum increases or decreases, expressed in percentage points, were considered for all CGUs:


Reasonable changes in key assumptions (%)
Financial variables	2024	2023
WACC rates	+/- 2	+/-2
Perpetual growth rates	+/-1	+/-1
Operating variables
EBITDA margin	+/-3	+/-2
CAPEX intensity	+/-1	+/-1

At December 31, 2024 and at December 31, 2023, the sensitivity analysis shows no impairment under the above mentioned changes in assumptions for all CGUs, except for Nicaragua. If the assumptions used in the impairment test were changed to a greater extent than as presented in the following table, the changes would, in isolation, trigger a potential impairment loss being recognised for the Nicaragua CGU in the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 .


	2024	2023
Change required for carrying value to equal recoverable amount	CGU	CGU
	Nicaragua	Nicaragua
Financial variables
WACC rate	+109bps	+154bps
Perpetual growth rates	n/a	n/a
Operating variables
Average EBITDA margin	(1.95)%	n/a
CAPEX intensity	n/a	n/a

Property, plant and equipmentAccounting for property, plant and equipment

Items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to acquisition of items. The carrying amount of replaced parts is derecognized.

Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the remaining life of the license associated with the assets, unless the renewal of the license is contractually possible.

The assets’ residual value and useful life is reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each statement of financial position date.

As explained in the Introduction note, during 2024, we revised the estimated useful lives of our fiber optic network assets and related equipment/software. As a result, the estimated useful lives of the Group's Fiber Optic Network useful life were changed from 15 years to 25 years while the related equipment/Software useful life range was increased to 5-10 years (previously 5-7 years for equipment and 5 years for software). Additionally, during 2023, the estimated useful lives of some property, plant and equipment were revised. As a result, the estimated useful lives of the Group's towers, poles and ducts were changed from 15 to 25 years, while the related civil works' useful lives were increased from 10 to 15 years. Refer to the Introduction - Estimates note for further details.


Estimated useful lives			Duration
Buildings			Up to 40 years
Networks (including civil works)			5 to 25 years
Other			2 to 10 years

The carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if its carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.

Construction in progress consists of the cost of assets, labor and other direct costs associated with property, plant and equipment being constructed by the Group, or purchased assets which have yet to be deployed. When the assets become operational, the related costs are transferred from construction in progress to the appropriate asset category and depreciation commences.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. Ongoing routine repairs and maintenance are charged to the statement of income in the financial period in which they are incurred.

Costs of major inspections and overhauls are added to the carrying value of property, plant and equipment and the carrying amount of previous major inspections and overhauls is derecognised.

Equipment installed on customer premises which is not sold to customers is capitalized and amortized over the customer contract period.

A liability for the present value of the cost to remove an asset on both owned and leased sites (for example cell towers) and for assets installed on customer premises (for example set-top boxes), is recognized when a present obligation for the removal exists. The corresponding cost of the obligation is included in the cost of the asset and depreciated over the useful life of the asset, or lease period if shorter.

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of that asset when it is probable that such costs will contribute to future economic benefits for the Group and the costs can be measured reliably.

Movements in tangible assets

Movements in tangible assets in 2024


	Network Equipment	Land and Buildings	Construction in Progress	Other(i)	Total
	(US$ millions)
Opening balance, net	2,507	162	394	44	3,107
Change in scope (see note A.2.2.)	114	—	1	—	115
Additions	118	23	433	5	579

Disposals, net	(11)	—	(5)	—	(16)
Depreciation charge	(671)	(16)	—	(23)	(710)
Asset retirement obligations	23	4	—	—	27
Transfers	404	5	(445)	9	(26)
Transfer from/(to) assets held for sale (see note E.4)	(122)	—	—	—	(122)
Exchange rate movements	(90)	(8)	(8)	—	(107)

Closing balance, net	2,271	171	370	35	2,847
Cost or valuation	8,767	328	370	338	9,803
Accumulated depreciation and impairment	(6,496)	(157)	—	(303)	(6,956)
Net at December 31, 2024	2,271	171	370	35	2,847

Movements in tangible assets in 2023


	Network equipment	Land and buildings	Construction in progress	Other(i)	Total
	(US$ millions)
Opening balance, net	2,340	180	418	50	2,989

Additions	161	2	525	5	693
Impairments/reversal of impairment, net	(2)	—	—	—	(2)
Disposals, net	(16)	—	(3)	—	(20)
Depreciation charge	(751)	(19)	—	(25)	(794)
Asset retirement obligations	29	1	—	—	30
Transfers	566	(2)	(570)	13	6

Exchange rate movements	165	13	24	1	203
Other	14	(12)	—	—	2
Closing balance, net	2,507	162	394	44	3,107
Cost or valuation	8,924	310	394	352	9,980
Accumulated depreciation and impairment	(6,417)	(148)	—	(307)	(6,873)
Net at December 31, 2023	2,507	162	394	44	3,107

(i) Other mainly includes office equipment and motor vehicles.

Borrowing costs capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were not significant.

Cash used for the purchase of tangible assets

Cash used for property, plant and equipment


	2024	2023	2022
	(US$ millions)
Additions	579	694	823
Change in advances to suppliers	(2)	3	(3)
Change in accruals and payables for property, plant and equipment	(37)	116	(20)

Cash used	540	814	800

Right of use assets

Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following:

•the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability

•any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received

•any initial direct costs, and

•restoration costs

Refer to note C.4. for further details on lease accounting policies.

Movements in right of use assets in 2024


Right-of-use assets	Land and buildings	Sites rental	Tower rental	Capacity	Other network equipment	Other	Total
	(US$ millions)
Opening balance, net	130	177	537	27	16	9	896
Additions	13	5	99	8	—	1	126
Modifications	13	50	59	—	1	2	125
Impairment	(1)	—	(3)	—	—	—	(4)
Disposals	(9)	(18)	(8)	—	—	(3)	(39)
Depreciation	(36)	(47)	(109)	(6)	(2)	(3)	(204)
Asset retirement obligations	—	—	1	—	—	—	1
Transfers	—	—	1	—	(1)	—	—
Transfer from/(to) assets held for sale (see note E.4)	—	(2)	(74)	—	—	—	(76)
Exchange rate movements	(9)	—	(25)	—	—	—	(34)

Closing balance, net	101	164	477	29	14	6	792
Cost of valuation	233	385	785	54	24	15	1,497
Accumulated depreciation and impairment	(132)	(220)	(308)	(26)	(10)	(9)	(705)
Net at 31 December 2024	101	164	477	29	14	6	792

Movements in right of use assets in 2023


Right-of-use assets	Land and buildings	Sites rental	Tower rental	Capacity	Other network equipment	Other	Total
	(US$ millions)
Opening balance, net	142	181	505	28	16	13	884
Additions	4	10	42	7	—	1	63
Modifications	6	27	51	1	2	—	87

Disposals	(1)	(2)	(1)	—	—	—	(5)
Depreciation	(38)	(45)	(90)	(6)	(1)	(3)	(183)
Asset retirement obligations	—	(1)	(2)	—	—	—	(3)
Transfers	1	7	2	(2)	(2)	(1)	4

Exchange rate movements	16	2	31	—	—	—	50
Other	—	(2)	—	—	—	—	(2)
Closing balance, net	130	177	537	27	16	9	896
Cost of valuation	280	369	929	47	26	21	1,671
Accumulated depreciation and impairment	(150)	(192)	(392)	(19)	(10)	(12)	(776)
Net at 31 December 2023	130	177	537	27	16	9	896

E.4. Assets held for sale

If Millicom decides to sell subsidiaries, investments in joint ventures or associates, or specific non-current assets in its businesses, these items qualify as assets held for sale if certain conditions are met and necessary regulatory approvals obtained.ClassificationNon-current assets (or disposal groups) are classified as assets held for sale and stated at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell if their carrying amount is expected to be recovered principally through sale, not through continuing use. Liabilities of disposal groups are classified as Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale.Millicom’s assets held for sale

As of December 31, 2024 the following assets qualified as assets held for sale. As of December 31, 2023, no assets qualified as assets held for sale. For further details on assets held for sale and discontinued operations, please refer to note A.4.

Assets held for sale - Summary


Assets and liabilities reclassified as held for sale (In millions of U.S. dollars)			December 31, 2024
Towers sale in Colombia related to the third batch			1
Mobile network sharing agreement in Colombia			613
Towers sale (including certain lease transfers) in Nicaragua			13
Total assets of held for sale			627
Towers sale in Colombia related to the third batch			1
Mobile network sharing agreement in Colombia			698
Towers sale (including certain lease transfers) in Nicaragua			10
Total liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale			709
Net assets held for sale / book value			(83)

Assets held for sale - Towers sales in Colombia

On January 24, 2024, Colombia Movil S.A. ESP (“Tigo Colombia”) signed an agreement to sell and lease back, under a long-term lease agreement, 1,132 telecommunication towers to Towernex Colombia S.A.S. (“Towernex”), a KKR company. The total sale consideration amounts to $77 million, out of which $26 million will be received in subsequent years. Under IFRS 16, this transaction is considered a sale and leaseback.

The transfer of the towers to Towernex consists of three batches, out of which two already completed:

▪First batch (occurred on March 14, 2024): 759 towers were sold, generating net cash proceeds of $38 million, net of transaction costs and a $13 million receivable , for Tigo Colombia. The company also recorded lease obligations and a financing component totaling $48 million related to the towers sold and leased back.

▪Second batch (occurred on September 4, 2024): 250 towers were sold, generating net cash proceeds of $13 million, net of transaction costs and a $4 million receivable, for Tigo Colombia. The company also recorded lease obligations and a financing component totaling $16 million related to the towers sold and leased back.

▪Third batch (expected in first quarter of the financial year 2025): The remaining 123 towers are intended to be sold. In accordance with IFRS 5, these towers remain classified as assets held for sale and their depreciation has stopped.

Assets held for sale / Disposal Group - Mobile Network sharing agreement in Colombia

On February 26, 2024, Tigo Colombia and Telecomunicaciones S.A. ESP BIC (“ColTel”) signed an agreement to share their mobile networks. This collaboration involves two new joint arrangements. (both qualifying as joint operations, as defined in IFRS 11):

▪A 'NetCo ("UNIRED")': This company holds and manages the radio access network (RAN) infrastructure as well as the site lease agreements. Each operator owns 50% of this NetCo.

Transfers of RAN assets to UNIRED happened in December 2024, when UNIRED did a step-up exercise to determine the fair values of the contributions from both joint operators. The portion of this step-up exercise attributable to ColtTel has been booked as "Other operating Income" ($28 million, together with a gain of $3 million related to the equalization of Tigo Colombia and Coltel in UNIRED. The transfer of lease agreements is taking place as from January 2025 and as of December 31, 2024 met the criteria of IFRS 5: "Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations" criteria.

▪A 'Unión Temporal' ("UT"): This temporary joint arrangement will manage the spectrum licenses and related liabilities. Similarly, ownership is split 50/50 between the two operators. In December 2024, Tigo Colombia got the approval to transfer to the UT the first block of spectrum (as defined by resolution 332 of the 700MwZ Spectrum from the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications, "Mintic"). Consequently, the assets and liabilities related to such resolution were derecognized in Tigo Colombia with the subsequent recognition of Tigo's Colombia 50% share in the UT.

In accordance with IFRS 5, certain assets and related liabilities are kept as of December 31, 2024 as "held for sale": Lease agreements. and Spectrum licenses and related liabilities not yet transferred (that will be managed by the Union Temporal)

Asset held for sale - Towers sales in Nicaragua

As part of the other assets portfolio sell within the 'sale of Lati International S.A and other assets to SBA' agreement dated on October 28, 2024 and further detailed in Note 3 above, Millicom Nicaragua expects to sell approximately 400 towers under a sale-and-leaseback model and also expects to transfer the related ground leases (Right of Use and Lease Liabilities). Management believes that the criteria set out under IFRS 5 "Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations" are met for the fixed assets, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities related to the sites within the scope of the sale to SBA. Consequently, as of December 31, 2024 those assets and liabilities of our operations in Nicaragua were classified as held for sale See note H..