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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | 3 Months Ended
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Jul. 28, 2017
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment:
(in millions) | Cardiac and Vascular Group |  | Minimally Invasive Therapies Group |  | Restorative Therapies Group |  | Diabetes Group |  | Total
April 28, 2017 | $ | 6,651 |  |  | $ | 20,411 |  |  | $ | 9,600 |  |  | $ | 1,853 |  |  | $ | 38,515 |
Purchase accounting adjustments | 54 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 54 |
Currency adjustment, net | 58 |  |  | 514 |  |  | 56 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 627 |
July 28, 2017 | $ | 6,763 |  |  | $ | 20,925 |  |  | $ | 9,656 |  |  | $ | 1,852 |  |  | $ | 39,196 |
The Company assesses goodwill for impairment annually in the third quarter of the fiscal year and whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired. Impairment testing for goodwill is performed at the reporting unit level. The test for impairment of goodwill requires the Company to make several estimates about fair value, most of which are based on projected future cash flows. The Company calculates the excess of each reporting unit's fair value over its carrying amount, including goodwill, utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis. The Company did no t recognize any goodwill impairment during the three months ended July 28, 2017 or July 29, 2016. Intangible Assets The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets:
| July 28, 2017 |  | April 28, 2017
(in millions) | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization
Definite-lived: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer-related | $ | 16,887 |  |  | $ | (2,408 | ) |  | $ | 16,862 |  |  | $ | (2,166 | )
Purchased technology and patents | 11,514 |  |  | (3,883 | ) |  | 11,461 |  |  | (3,690 | )
Trademarks and tradenames | 773 |  |  | (480 | ) |  | 772 |  |  | (461 | )
Other | 79 |  |  | (45 | ) |  | 77 |  |  | (42 | )
Total | $ | 29,253 |  |  | $ | (6,816 | ) |  | $ | 29,172 |  |  | $ | (6,359 | )
Indefinite-lived: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
IPR&D | $ | 569 |  |  |  |  | $ | 594 |  |  |
The Company assesses definite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an intangible asset (asset group) may not be recoverable. When events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an intangible asset may not be recoverable, the Company calculates the excess of an intangible asset's carrying value over its undiscounted future cash flows. If the carrying value is not recoverable, an impairment loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value. The inputs used in the fair value analysis fall within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of significant unobservable inputs to determine fair value. The Company did no t recognize any definite-lived intangible asset impairments during the three months ended July 28, 2017 or July 29, 2016. The Company assesses indefinite-lived intangibles for impairment annually in the third quarter of the fiscal year and whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired. The Company did no t recognize any significant indefinite-lived intangibles impairments during the three months ended July 28, 2017 and July 29, 2016. Due to the nature of IPR&D projects, the Company may experience future delays or failures to obtain regulatory approvals to conduct clinical trials, failures of such clinical trials, delays or failures to obtain required market clearances or other failures to achieve a commercially viable product, and as a result, may recognize impairment losses in the future. Amortization Expense Intangible asset amortization expense for the three months ended July 28, 2017 and July 29, 2016 was $454 million and $487 million, respectively. Estimated aggregate amortization expense by fiscal year based on the current carrying value of definite-lived intangible assets at July 28, 2017, excluding any possible future amortization associated with acquired IPR&D which has not yet met technological feasibility and amortization associated with definite-lived intangible assets classified as held for sale at July 28, 2017, is as follows:
(in millions) | Amortization Expense
Remaining 2018 | $ | 1,365 |
2019 | 1,741 |
2020 | 1,693 |
2021 | 1,674 |
2022 | 1,631 |
2023 | 1,564 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144416 + Details
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