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Stock Purchase and Award Plans - Stock-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
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Apr. 24, 2020 | Apr. 26, 2019 | Apr. 27, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ 297 | $ 290 | $ 344
Income tax benefits | (51) | (54) | (82)
Total stock-based compensation expense, net of tax | 246 | 236 | 262
Cost of products sold |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 28 | 30 | 44
Research and development expense |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 36 | 36 | 38
Selling, general, and administrative expense |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 233 | 224 | 262
Stock options |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 61 | 72 | 132
Restricted stock |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 205 | 189 | 185
Employee stock purchase plan |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ 31 | $ 29 | $ 27

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