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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Apr. 24, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment:
(in millions) | Cardiac and Vascular Group |  | Minimally Invasive Therapies Group |  | Restorative Therapies Group |  | Diabetes Group |  | Total
April 27, 2018 | $ | 6,791 |  |  | $ | 21,155 |  |  | $ | 9,717 |  |  | $ | 1,880 |  |  | $ | 39,543 |
Goodwill as a result of acquisitions | 165 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 1,238 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 1,510 |
Currency translation and other | (102) |  |  | (857) |  |  | (134) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (1,094) |
April 26, 2019 | 6,854 |  |  | 20,381 |  |  | 10,821 |  |  | 1,903 |  |  | 39,959 |
Goodwill as a result of acquisitions | 19 |  |  | 227 |  |  | 71 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 333 |
Purchase accounting adjustments | 7 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 120 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 124 |
Currency translation and other | (49) |  |  | (434) |  |  | (92) |  |  | — |  |  | (575) |
April 24, 2020 | $ | 6,831 |  |  | $ | 20,176 |  |  | $ | 10,920 |  |  | $ | 1,914 |  |  | $ | 39,841 |
The Company did not recognize any goodwill impairments during fiscal years 2020, 2019, or 2018. Intangible Assets The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets:
| April 24, 2020 |  |  |  | April 26, 2019 |  |
(in millions) | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization
Definite-lived: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer-related | $ | 16,963 |  |  | $ | (5,065) |  |  | $ | 16,944 |  |  | $ | (4,095) |
Purchased technology and patents | 10,742 |  |  | (4,354) |  |  | 11,405 |  |  | (4,570) |
Trademarks and tradenames | 464 |  |  | (232) |  |  | 570 |  |  | (324) |
Other | 75 |  |  | (53) |  |  | 85 |  |  | (59) |
Total | $ | 28,244 |  |  | $ | (9,704) |  |  | $ | 29,004 |  |  | $ | (9,048) |
Indefinite-lived: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
IPR&D | $ | 523 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 604 |  |  | $ | — |
During fiscal year 2020, the Company recognized $37 million of definite-lived intangible asset charges, including $33 million and $4 million recognized in connection with business exits in the Restorative Therapies Group and Cardiac and Vascular Group, respectively. During fiscal year 2019, the Company recognized $87 million of definite-lived intangible asset charges, including $61 million and $26 million recognized in connection with business exits in the Cardiac and Vascular Group and Restorative Therapies Group, respectively. The Company did not recognize any definite-lived intangible asset impairments during fiscal year 2018. Definite-lived intangible asset charges are recognized in other operating expense, net in the consolidated statements of income. During fiscal year 2020, the Company recognized $35 million of indefinite-lived intangible asset charges, including $25 million relating to a partial impairment of an IPR&D project within the Restorative Therapies Group and $10 million in connection with the discontinuation of an IPR&D project within the Cardiac and Vascular Group. During fiscal year 2019, the Company recognized $30 million of indefinite-lived intangible asset charges, including $11 million in connection with a business exit in the Restorative Therapies Group, and $10 million and $9 million in connection with the discontinuation of certain IPR&D projects within the Minimally Invasive Therapies Group and Cardiac and Vascular Group, respectively. During fiscal year 2018, the Company recognized impairment losses on indefinite-lived intangibles of $68 million as a result of the discontinuation of certain IPR&D projects within the Restorative Therapies Group. Indefinite-lived intangible asset charges are recognized in other operating expense, net in the consolidated statements of income. Due to the nature of IPR&D projects, the Company may experience future delays or failures to obtain regulatory approvals to conduct clinical trials, failures of such clinical trials, delays or failures to obtain required market clearances, other failures to achieve a commercially viable product, or the discontinuation of certain projects, and as a result, may recognize impairment losses in the future. Amortization Intangible asset amortization expense was $1.8 billion for fiscal years 2020, 2019 and 2018. Estimated aggregate amortization expense by fiscal year based on the current carrying value and remaining estimated useful lives of definite-lived intangible assets at April 24, 2020, excluding any possible future amortization associated with acquired IPR&D which has not met technological feasibility, is as follows:
(in millions) | Amortization Expense
2021 | $ | 1,748 |
2022 | 1,706 |
2023 | 1,644 |
2024 | 1,615 |
2025 | 1,588 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for goodwill and intangible assets. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144416 + Details
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