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Derivative and Financial Instruments
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative and Financial Instruments
Note 10—Derivative and Financial Instruments
We use futures, forwards, swaps and options in various markets to meet our customer needs, capture market opportunities and manage foreign exchange currency risk.
Commodity Derivative Instruments
Our commodity business primarily consists of natural gas, crude oil, bitumen, NGLs, LNG and power.
Commodity derivative instruments are held at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet. Where these balances have the right of setoff, they are presented on a net basis. Related cash flows are recorded as operating activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. On our consolidated income statement, gains and losses are recognized either on a gross basis if directly related to our physical business or a net basis if held for trading. Gains and losses related to contracts that meet and are designated with the NPNS exception are recognized upon settlement. We generally apply this exception to eligible crude contracts and certain gas contracts. We do not apply hedge accounting for our commodity derivatives.
The following table presents the gross fair values of our commodity derivatives, excluding collateral, on our consolidated balance sheet:
Millions of Dollars
September 30
2025		December 31
2024
Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
$439 394 
Other assets
124 94 
Liabilities
Other accruals
391 397 
Other liabilities and deferred credits
98 83 
The gains (losses) from commodity derivatives included in our consolidated income statement are presented in the following table:
Millions of Dollars
Three Months Ended
September 30
Nine Months Ended
September 30
2025202420252024
Sales and other operating revenues
$62 49 146 135 
Other income
(3)(2)(6)(2)
Purchased commodities
(6)(46)(52)(125)
The table below summarizes our net exposures resulting from outstanding commodity derivative contracts:
Open Position
Long (Short)
September 30
2025		December 31
2024
Commodity
Natural gas and power (BCF equivalent)
Fixed price(24)(17)
Basis(22)— 
Interest Rate Derivative Instruments
In 2023, PALNG executed interest rate swaps that had the effect of converting 60 percent of the projected term loans outstanding to finance the cost of development and construction of Phase 1 from floating- to fixed-rate. During the first quarter of 2025, PALNG dedesignated the remaining portion of the interest rate swaps previously designated as a cash flow hedge. Changes in the fair value of the dedesignated hedging instruments are reported in the “Equity in earnings of affiliates” line on our consolidated income statement.

For the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a loss of $6 million and a gain of $27 million, respectively, in “Equity in earnings of affiliates" related to the swaps. For the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024, we recognized an unrealized loss of $63 million and $50 million, respectively, in other comprehensive income (loss) related to these swaps.

Financial Instruments
We invest in financial instruments with maturities based on our cash forecasts for the various accounts and currency pools we manage. The types of financial instruments in which we currently invest include:
•Time deposits: Interest bearing deposits placed with financial institutions for a predetermined amount of time.
•Demand deposits: Interest bearing deposits placed with financial institutions. Deposited funds can be withdrawn without notice.
•Commercial paper: Unsecured promissory notes issued by a corporation, commercial bank or government agency purchased at a discount to mature at par.
•U.S. government or government agency obligations: Securities issued by the U.S. government or U.S. government agencies.
•Foreign government obligations: Securities issued by foreign governments.
•Corporate bonds: Unsecured debt securities issued by corporations.
•Asset-backed securities: Collateralized debt securities.
The following investments are carried on our consolidated balance sheet at cost plus accrued interest, and the table reflects remaining maturities at September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024:
Millions of Dollars
Carrying Amount
Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
September 30
2025		December 31
2024		September 30
2025		December 31
2024
Cash$560 770 
Demand deposits
2,472 3,211 
Time deposits
1 to 90 days
1,899 1,364 529 1 
91 to 180 days
6 5 
Within one year
21 6 
U.S. government obligations
1 to 90 days
316 260 — — 
$5,247 5,605 556 12 
The following investments in debt securities classified as available for sale are carried at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024:
Millions of Dollars
Carrying Amount
Cash and cash equivalentsShort-term investmentsInvestments and long-term
receivables
September 30
2025		December 31
2024		September 30
2025		December 31
2024		September 30
2025		December 31
2024
Major Security Type
Corporate bonds
$— — 300 338 643 612 
Commercial paper
13 2 81 77 
U.S. government obligations— — 39 43 225 218 
U.S. government agency obligations
— — 1 7 
Foreign government obligations
4 4 11 12 
Asset-backed securities
16 33 254 205 
$13 2 440 495 1,134 1,054 
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments have remaining maturities within one year. Investments and long-term receivables have remaining maturities that vary from greater than one year through 13 years.
The following table summarizes the amortized cost basis and fair value of investments in debt securities classified as available for sale:
Millions of Dollars
Amortized Cost Basis
Fair Value
September 30
2025		December 31
2024		September 30
2025		December 31
2024
Major Security Type
Corporate bonds
$936 947 943 950 
Commercial paper
94 79 94 79 
U.S. government obligations
263 262 264 261 
U.S. government agency obligations
1 7 1 7 
Foreign government obligations
15 16 15 16 
Asset-backed securities
269 237 270 238 
$1,578 1,548 1,587 1,551 
No allowance for credit losses has been recorded on investments in debt securities which are in an unrealized loss position.

For the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025, proceeds from sales and redemptions of investments in debt securities classified as available for sale were $271 million and $782 million, respectively. For the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024, proceeds from sales and redemptions of investments in debt securities classified as available for sale were $142 million and $597 million, respectively. Gross realized gains and losses included in earnings from those sales and redemptions were negligible. The cost of securities sold and redeemed is determined using the specific identification method.
Credit Risk
Financial instruments potentially exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, short-term investments, long-term investments in debt securities, OTC derivative contracts and trade receivables. Our cash equivalents and short-term investments are placed in high-quality commercial paper, government money market funds, U.S. government and government agency obligations, time deposits with major international banks and financial institutions, high-quality corporate bonds, foreign government obligations and asset-backed securities. Our long-term investments in debt securities are placed in high-quality corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, U.S. government and government agency obligations and foreign government obligations.
The credit risk from our OTC derivative contracts, such as forwards, swaps and options, derives from the counterparty to the transaction. Individual counterparty exposure is managed within predetermined credit limits and includes the use of cash-call margins when appropriate, thereby reducing the risk of significant nonperformance. We also use futures, swaps and option contracts that have a negligible credit risk because these trades are cleared primarily with an exchange clearinghouse and subject to mandatory margin requirements until settled; however, we are exposed to the credit risk of those exchange brokers for receivables arising from daily margin cash calls, as well as for cash deposited to meet initial margin requirements.
Our trade receivables result primarily from our petroleum operations and reflect a broad national and international customer base, which limits our exposure to concentrations of credit risk. The majority of these receivables have payment terms of 30 days or less, and we continually monitor this exposure and the creditworthiness of the counterparties. We may require collateral to limit the exposure to loss including letters of credit, prepayments and surety bonds, as well as master netting arrangements to mitigate credit risk with counterparties that both buy from and sell to us, as these agreements permit the amounts owed by us or owed to others to be offset against amounts due to us.
Certain of our derivative instruments contain provisions that require us to post collateral if the derivative exposure exceeds a threshold amount. We have contracts with fixed threshold amounts and other contracts with variable threshold amounts that are contingent on our credit rating. The variable threshold amounts typically decline for lower credit ratings, while both the variable and fixed threshold amounts typically revert to zero if we fall below investment grade. Cash is the primary collateral in all contracts; however, many also permit us to post letters of credit as collateral, such as transactions administered through the New York Mercantile Exchange.
The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with such credit risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position at September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, was $59 million and $70 million, respectively. For these instruments, no collateral was posted at September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024. If our credit rating had been downgraded below investment grade at September 30, 2025, we would have been required to post $25 million of additional collateral, either with cash or letters of credit.