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OTHER | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 25, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
OTHER | OTHER Changes in Estimates Significant estimates and assumptions are made in estimating contract sales and costs, including the profit booking rate. At the outset of a long-term contract, we identify and monitor risks to the achievement of the technical, schedule and cost aspects of the contract, as well as our ability to earn variable consideration, and assess the effects of those risks on our estimates of total costs to complete the contract. The estimates consider the technical requirements (e.g., a newly-developed product versus a mature product), the schedule and associated tasks (e.g., the number and type of milestone events) and costs (e.g., material, labor, subcontractor, overhead and the estimated costs to fulfill our industrial cooperation agreements, sometimes referred to as offset agreements, required under certain contracts with international customers). The initial profit booking rate of each contract considers risks surrounding the ability to achieve the technical requirements, schedule and costs in the initial estimated total costs to complete the contract. Profit booking rates may increase during the performance of the contract if we successfully retire risks related to technical, schedule and cost aspects of the contract, which decreases the estimated total costs to complete the contract or may increase the variable consideration we expect to receive on the contract. Conversely, our profit booking rates may decrease if the estimated total costs to complete the contract increase or our estimates of variable consideration we expect to receive decrease. All of the estimates are subject to change during the performance of the contract and may affect the profit booking rate. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract exceed total estimates of the transaction price, a provision for the entire loss is determined at the contract level and is recorded in the period in which the loss is evident, which we refer to as a reach-forward loss. In addition, comparability of our segment sales, operating profit and operating margin may be impacted favorably or unfavorably by changes in profit booking rates on our contracts for which we recognize revenue over time using the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost method to measure progress towards completion. Increases in the profit booking rates, typically referred to as favorable profit adjustments, usually relate to revisions in the estimated total costs to fulfill the performance obligations that reflect improved conditions on a particular contract. Conversely, conditions on a particular contract may deteriorate, for example COVID-19 impacts or supply chain disruptions, resulting in an increase in the estimated total costs to fulfill the performance obligations and a reduction in the profit booking rate and are typically referred to as unfavorable profit adjustments. Increases or decreases in profit booking rates are recognized in the current period and reflect the inception-to-date effect of such changes. Segment operating profit and margin may also be impacted favorably or unfavorably by other items, which may or may not impact sales. Favorable items may include the positive resolution of contractual matters, cost recoveries on severance and restructuring charges, insurance recoveries and gains on sales of assets. Unfavorable items may include the adverse resolution of contractual matters; restructuring charges, except for significant severance actions, which are excluded from segment operating results; reserves for disputes; certain asset impairments; and losses on sales of certain assets. We have various development programs for new and upgraded products, services, and related technologies which have complex design and technical challenges. This development work is inherently uncertain and subject to significant variability in estimates of the cost and time required to complete the work by us and our suppliers. Many of these programs have cost-type contracting arrangements (e.g. cost-reimbursable or cost-plus-fixed-fee). In such cases, the associated financial risks are primarily in reduced fees, lower profit rates, or program cancellation if cost, schedule, or technical performance issues arise. However, some of our existing development programs are contracted on a fixed-price basis or include cost-type contracting for the development phase with fixed price production options and our customers are increasingly implementing procurement policies such as these that shift risk to contractors. Competitively bid programs with fixed-price development work or fixed price production options increase the risk of a reach-forward loss upon contract award and during the period of contract performance. Due to the complex and often experimental nature of development programs, we may experience (and have experienced in the past) technical and quality issues during the development of new products or technologies for a variety of reasons. Our development programs are ongoing, and while we believe the cost and fee estimates incorporated in the financial statements are appropriate, the technical complexity of these programs and fixed-price contract structure creates financial risk as estimated completion costs may exceed the current contract value, which could trigger earnings charges, termination provisions, or other financially significant exposures. These programs have risk for reach-forward losses if our estimated costs exceed our estimated contract revenues, and such losses could be significant to our operating results, cash flows, or financial condition. Any such losses are recorded in the period in which the loss is evident. Our consolidated net profit booking rate adjustments increased segment operating profit by approximately $455 million and $1.3 billion during the quarter and nine months ended September 25, 2022 and $580 million and $1.5 billion during the quarter and nine months ended September 26, 2021. These adjustments increased net earnings by approximately $359 million ($1.35 per share) and $1.0 billion ($3.89 per share) during the quarter and nine months ended September 25, 2022 and $458 million ($1.65 per share) and $1.2 billion ($4.14 per share) during the quarter and nine months ended September 26, 2021. We recognized net sales from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods of approximately $515 million and $1.4 billion during the quarter and nine months ended September 25, 2022, and $616 million and $1.6 billion during the quarter and nine months ended September 26, 2021, which primarily relate to changes in profit booking rates that impacted revenue. We have experienced performance issues on a classified fixed-price incentive fee contract that involves highly complex design and systems integration at our Aeronautics business segment and have periodically accrued reserves. During the quarter ended September 25, 2022, we revised our estimated costs to complete the program by reviewing the design and system integration requirements, performance to date, remaining work, and schedule and recorded an additional charge of approximately $25 million. As of September 25, 2022, cumulative losses were approximately $250 million. We will continue to monitor our performance, any future changes in scope, and estimated costs to complete the program and may have to record additional losses in future periods if we experience further performance issues, increases in scope, or cost growth, which could be material to our operating results. In addition, we and our industry team will incur advanced procurement costs (also referred to as precontract costs) in order to enhance our ability to achieve the revised schedule and certain milestones. We will monitor the recoverability of precontract costs, which could be impacted by the customer’s decision regarding future phases of the program. We are responsible for a program to design, develop and construct a ground-based radar at our RMS business segment. The program has experienced performance issues for which we have periodically accrued reserves. As of September 25, 2022, cumulative losses were approximately $280 million. We will continue to monitor our performance, any future changes in scope, and estimated costs to complete the program and may have to record additional losses in future periods if we experience further performance issues, increases in scope, or cost growth. However, based on the losses previously recorded and our current estimate of the sales and costs to complete the program, at this time we do not anticipate that additional losses, if any, would be material to our operating results or financial condition. Backlog Backlog (i.e., unfulfilled or remaining performance obligations) represents the sales we expect to recognize for our products and services for which control has not yet transferred to the customer. Our backlog includes both funded (firm orders for our products and services for which funding has been both authorized and appropriated by the customer) and unfunded (firm orders for which funding has not been appropriated) amounts. We do not include unexercised options or potential orders under indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity agreements in our backlog. For our cost-reimbursable and fixed-priced-incentive contracts, the estimated consideration we expect to receive pursuant to the terms of the contract may exceed the contractual award amount. The estimated consideration is determined at the outset of the contract and is continuously reviewed throughout the contract period. In determining the estimated consideration, we consider the risks related to the technical, schedule and cost impacts to complete the contract and an estimate of any variable consideration. Periodically, we review these risks and may increase or decrease backlog accordingly. As the risks on such contracts are successfully retired, the estimated consideration from customers may be reduced, resulting in a reduction of backlog without a corresponding recognition of sales. As of September 25, 2022, our ending backlog was $139.7 billion. We expect to recognize approximately 34% of our backlog over the next 12 months and approximately 55% over the next 24 months as revenue with the remainder recognized thereafter. Income Taxes Our effective income tax rate was 15.3% and 14.9% for the quarter and nine months ended September 25, 2022 and 9.6% and 15.7% for the quarter and nine months ended September 26, 2021. The rate for the third quarter of 2021 was lower than the third quarter of 2022 primarily due to lower earnings before income taxes resulting from a noncash, non-operating pension settlement charge of $1.7 billion, which reduced the tax expense by approximately $355 million. The rates for all periods benefited from the research and development tax credit, tax deductions for foreign derived intangible income and dividends paid to our defined contribution plans with an employee stock ownership plan feature. As of December 31, 2021, our liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions were not material. For the quarter ended September 25, 2022, our liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions increased to $1.2 billion with a corresponding increase to net deferred tax assets resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017’s elimination of the option for taxpayers to deduct research and development expenditures immediately in the year incurred and instead requiring taxpayers to amortize such expenditures over five years. Lockheed Martin Ventures Fund Through our Lockheed Martin Ventures Fund, we make strategic investments in companies that we believe are advancing or developing new technologies applicable to our business. These investments may be in the form of common or preferred stock, warrants, convertible debt securities or investments in funds. Most of the investments are in equity securities without readily determinable fair values (privately held securities), which are measured initially at cost and are then adjusted to fair value only if there is an observable price change or reduced for impairment, if applicable. Investments with quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) (publicly held securities) are recorded at fair value. The carrying amounts of investments held in our Lockheed Martin Ventures Fund were $418 million and $465 million at September 25, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Due to changes in fair value and/or sales of investments, we recorded net losses of $26 million ($20 million, or $0.07 per share, after-tax) and $66 million ($50 million, or $0.19 per share, after-tax) during the quarter and nine months ended September 25, 2022; and net gains of $98 million ($74 million, or $0.27 per share, after-tax) and $180 million ($135 million, or $0.49 per share, after-tax) during the quarter and nine months ended September 26, 2021. These gains and losses are reflected in the other non-operating (expense) income, net account on our consolidated statements of earnings. Severance and Restructuring Charges During the first quarter of 2021, we recorded severance and restructuring charges of $36 million ($28 million, or $0.10 per share, after-tax) related to workforce reductions and facility exit costs within our RMS business segment. These actions were taken to consolidate certain operations in order to improve the efficiency of RMS’ manufacturing operations and affordability of its products and services. Employees terminated as part of these actions received lump-sum severance payments upon separation primarily based on years of service. Revolving Credit Facility On August 24, 2022, we entered into a new Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Agreement”) with various banks. The Revolving Credit Agreement consists of a $3.0 billion five-year unsecured revolving credit facility, with the option to increase the commitments under the credit facility by an additional amount of up to $500 million (for an aggregate amount of up to $3.5 billion), subject to the agreement of one or more new or existing lenders to provide such additional amounts and certain other customary conditions. The Revolving Credit Agreement matures on August 24, 2027. However, we may request that commitments be renewed for additional one-year periods under certain circumstances as set forth in the Revolving Credit Agreement. The Revolving Credit Agreement is available for any of our lawful corporate purposes, including supporting commercial paper borrowings. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement are unsecured and bear interest at rates set forth in the Revolving Credit Agreement. The Revolving Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, including covenants restricting ours and certain of our subsidiaries’ ability to encumber assets and our ability to merge or consolidate with another entity. The Revolving Credit Agreement replaces our revolving credit agreement (the “Former Credit Agreement”), which had been scheduled to mature on August 24, 2026. The Former Credit Agreement, which had a total capacity of $3.0 billion and was undrawn, was terminated effective August 24, 2022. There were no borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement or the Former Credit Agreement at September 25, 2022. Debt Issuance and Redemption On May 5, 2022, we issued a total of $2.3 billion of senior unsecured notes, consisting of $800 million aggregate principal amount of 3.90% Notes due June 15, 2032 (the “2032 Notes”), $850 million aggregate principal amount of 4.15% Notes due June 15, 2053 (the “2053 Notes”) and $650 million aggregate principal amount of 4.30% Notes due June 15, 2062 (the “2062 Notes” and, together with the 2032 Notes and 2053 Notes, the “Notes”) in a registered public offering. We may, at our option, redeem the Notes of any series in whole or in part at any time and from time to time at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed or an applicable make-whole amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. On May 11, 2022, we used the net proceeds from the offering of the Notes to redeem all of the outstanding $500 million in aggregate principal amount of our 3.10% Notes due 2023, $750 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2.90% Notes due 2025, and the remaining balance of the net proceeds to redeem $1.0 billion of our outstanding $2.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of our 3.55% Notes due 2026 at their redemption price.

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