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Income Taxes | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes In August 2022, the U.S. Government enacted legislation commonly referred to as the Inflation Reduction Act. The main provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act that we anticipate may impact us are: (i) a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax (“Corporate AMT”) and (ii) a 1% excise tax on share repurchases, which we expect to record in equity on our consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit), in each case, effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022. We will be considered an “applicable corporation” for purposes of the new Corporate AMT. We anticipate our regular federal income tax liability will generally exceed our Corporate AMT liability in future years. Earnings (losses) before income taxes, provision (benefit) for income taxes and income tax rates consisted of the following:
|  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | For the Three Months Ended September 30,
(in millions) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Earnings (losses) before income taxes |  | $ | 4,685 |  | $ | 1,544 |  | $ | 407 |  | $ | (3,302)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |  | 1,611 |  | 693 |  | 183 |  | (582)
Income tax rate |  | 34.4 | % |  | 44.9 | % |  | 45.0 | % |  | 17.6 | %
Our income tax rate for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2022 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, due primarily to state tax expense, including the state tax treatment of the impairment charge on our equity investment in ABI, and a valuation allowance recorded against a deferred tax asset related to the decrease in the estimated fair value of our investment in JUUL, partially offset by the release of a valuation allowance related to our Cronos warrant and tax accruals no longer required. Our income tax rates for the nine and three months ended September 30, 2021 differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, due primarily to the state tax treatment of the impairment charge on our equity investment in ABI. For further information on the changes in the estimated fair value of our investment in JUUL and the impairment of our equity investment in ABI, see Note 3. Investments in Equity Securities. The following chart provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending valuation allowances for the period ended September 30, 2022:
(in millions) |  |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 3,097 |
Additions to valuation allowance charged to income tax expense |  | 395 |
Releases to valuation allowance credited to income tax benefit |  | (65) |
Foreign currency translation |  | — |
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 3,427 |
We determine the realizability of deferred tax assets based on the weight of available evidence, that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized. In reaching this determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including the character of the loss, carryback and carryforward considerations, future reversals of temporary differences and available tax planning strategies. The additions in valuation allowances for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were due primarily to deferred tax assets recorded in connection with decreases in the estimated fair value of our investment in JUUL. The releases in valuation allowances for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were due to realizability of anticipated capital losses related to our Cronos warrant. The cumulative valuation allowance at September 30, 2022 was primarily attributable to deferred tax assets recorded in connection with our investment in JUUL and our Investment in Cronos.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 17 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 14 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 270 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2)) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690 + Details
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