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Note 6 Main margins and profit by operating segments (Details) - EUR (€) € in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) |  | € (23,089) | € (19,124) | [1] | € (14,686)
Gross profit |  | 29,542 | 24,743 | [1] | 21,066
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 12,419 | 10,268 | [1],[2] | 7,247
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations |  | 0 | 0 |  | 280
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent |  | (8,019) | (6,358) | [1],[3] | (4,653)
SPAIN |  |  |  |  |
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) |  | (5,620) | (3,774) | [1] | (3,502)
Gross profit |  | 7,888 | 6,112 | [1] | 5,925
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 3,947 | 2,610 | [1] | 2,122
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 0
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent |  | (2,755) | (1,667) | [1] | (1,581)
MEXICO |  |  |  |  |
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) |  | (11,054) | (8,378) | [1] | (5,836)
Gross profit |  | 14,267 | 10,734 | [1] | 7,603
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 7,359 | 5,620 | [1] | 3,528
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 0
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent |  | (5,340) | (4,131) | [1] | (2,568)
TURKEY |  |  |  |  |
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) |  | (1,869) | (2,611) | [1] | (2,370)
Gross profit |  | 2,981 | 3,172 | [1] | 3,422
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 1,325 | 1,636 | [1] | 1,953
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 0
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent |  | (528) | (505) | [1] | (740)
South America [Member] |  |  |  |  |
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) |  | (4,394) | (4,138) | [1] | (2,859)
Gross profit |  | 4,331 | 4,265 | [1] | 3,162
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 1,206 | 1,434 | [1] | 961
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 0
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent |  | (613) | (738) | [1] | (491)
Rest of business [Member] |  |  |  |  |
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) |  | (539) | (332) | [1] | (281)
Gross profit |  | 1,103 | 790 | [1] | 741
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 479 | 277 | [1] | 314
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 0
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent |  | (389) | (240) | [1] | (254)
Corporate Center And Adjustments [Member] |  |  |  |  |
income by operating segment [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Interest income (expense) | [4] | (386) | (109) | [1] | (163)
Gross profit | [4] | 1,029 | 329 | [1] | 212
Profit (loss) before tax | [4] | 1,898 | 1,309 | [1] | 1,632
Profit (loss) from discontinued operations | [4] |  |  |  | 280
Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent | [4] | € (1,607) | € (922) | [1] | € 980
[1] | (2) Restated according to IFRS 17 - Insurance contracts, which had no material impacts for such period (see Notes 1.3 and 2.3).
[2] | (1) Balances corresponding to 2022 have been restated according to IFRS 17 (see Notes 1.3 and 2.3)
[3] | (1) Balances corresponding to 2022 have been restated according to IFRS 17 (see Notes 1.3 and 2.3).
[4] | (1) Adjustments include: (I) the impact of the purchase of offices in Spain in 2022 in the transaction with Merlin Properties (see Note 17); and (II) the costs associated with the collective layoff procedure and the closing of offices in 2021 (see Note 24).

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